Self Sampling as Part of Screening for Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Clinic Attenders. A Preliminary Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Markos ◽  
A A H Wade ◽  
M Walzman ◽  
M Shahmanesh
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Sex Industry ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Genitourinary Medicine ◽  
Female Genital

Self sampling of the secretions of the female genital tract for microbiological investigations for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis was assessed in female attenders of the genitourinary medicine clinic in Coventry and Warwickshire Hospital. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the possibility of offering this method of investigation to workers in the sex industry, who are reluctant to attend GUM Clinics. This Pilot Study aimed at assessing the feasibility and acceptability of self sampling of the secretions of the lower genital tract by female patients and its reliability in the detection of sexually transmitted infections. The analysis of the data from 75 participants, indicated that 7 infections were detected on patient sampling as compared to 11 on samples taken by a physician. Self sampling may prove a valuable alternative for the sex industry workers who are reluctant to attend GUM clinics.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Chlamydia trachomatisto Chlorhexidine Gluconate Gel

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1726-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Lampe ◽  
L. M. Ballweber ◽  
W. E. Stamm
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Topical Antimicrobial ◽  
Female Genital

ABSTRACT To identify topical antimicrobial preparations which may be effective in preventing the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, we examined the activity of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) against Chlamydia trachomatis. Chlamydial elementary bodies were incubated with dilutions of CHG gel for various times from 0 to 120 min. An aliquot of each dilution was further diluted and was inoculated onto McCoy cell monolayers in individual wells in a 96-well microtiter plate. The cultures were incubated for 48 h, and the chlamydial inclusions were stained and counted. CHG gel diluted fourfold (0.0625% CHG) killed C. trachomatis serovar D, and CHG gel diluted eightfold (0.0313% CHG) killed serovar F immediately upon exposure. CHG gel diluted 16-fold (0.0156% CHG) killed serovar D, and CHG gel diluted 32-fold (0.0078% CHG) killed serovar F after 120 min of exposure. Alteration of the pH over the range of from 4 to 8 did not significantly affect its activity. The addition of 10% whole human blood decreased the CHG gel activity at 0 min but had no significant effect after 120 min of exposure. We conclude that CHG gel may be effective topically against C. trachomatis at concentrations that can be used and under conditions that are found in the female genital tract and that further studies of its antimicrobial efficacy and toxicity in vivo are warranted.

Evidence for cGAS-STING signaling in the female genital tract resistance to Chlamydia trachomatis infection

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Su ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Maegan French ◽  
Yujie Zhao ◽  
Lingli Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital

Sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis can ascend to the upper genital tract due to its resistance to innate immunity in the lower genital tract. C. trachomatis can activate cGAS-STING signaling pathway in cultured cells via either cGAS or STING. The current study was designed to evaluate the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in innate immunity against C. trachomatis in the mouse genital tract. Following intravaginal inoculation, C. trachomatis significantly declined by day 5 following a peak infection on day 3 while the mouse-adapted C. muridarum continued to rise for >1 week, indicating that C. trachomatis is susceptible to the innate immunity in the female mouse genital tract. This conclusion was supported by the observation of a similar shedding course in mice deficient in adaptive immunity. Thus, C. trachomatis can be used to evaluate innate immunity in the female genital tract. It was found that mice deficient in either cGAS or STING significantly increased the yields of live C. trachomatis on day 5, indicating an essential role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in innate immunity of the mouse genital tract. Comparison of live C. trachomatis recovered from different genital tissues revealed that the cGAS-STING-dependent immunity against C. trachomatis was restricted to the mouse lower genital tract regardless of whether C. trachomatis was inoculated intravaginally or transcervically. Thus, we have demonstrated an essential role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in innate immunity against chlamydial infection, laying a foundation for further illuminating the mechanisms of the innate immunity in the female lower genital tract.

Significance of Barteroides Ureolyticus in the Lower Genital Tract

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Woolley ◽  
G R Kinghorn ◽  
K W Bennett ◽  
A Eley
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Differential Medium ◽  
Local Family ◽  
Asymptomatic Women ◽  
Asymptomatic Men ◽  
Female Genital ◽  
Male Genital

In a study to determine the significance of Bacteroides ureolyticus in the lower urogenital tract using a new selective and differential medium, this organism was isolated from 30.1% of asymptomatic men, 37.8% of men with genital warts, and 26.3% of men with non-gonococcal urethritis. Using the same selective medium B. ureolyticus was isolated from 49% of women attending the same genitourinary clinic with symptoms of vaginal discharge and/or pruritis vulvae, 44.1% of asymptomatic women, and 50% of asymptomatic women attending a local family planning clinic. Furthermore, this organism was isolated from 27.1% of women whose vaginal specimens isolated commensal organisms only, 43.2% with C. albicans, 59.4% with U. urealyticum, 74.4% with M. hominis, and 76.8% with G. vaginalis. On testing with the API ATB 32A test strips, 86% of the positive isolates of B. ureolyticus from the female genital tract were indistinguishable from those isolated from the male genital tract indicating that this organism is common to the lower genital tract of both sexes. These results indicate that B. ureolyticus is a commensal in the lower genital tract.

Screening for Lower Genital Tract Infections in Women Presenting for Termination of Pregnancy

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Smith ◽  
M R Nelson ◽  
J Hammond ◽  
S Purkayastha ◽  
S E Barton
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Genital Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hiv Antibody Testing

Over a four-month study period, 87 patients requesting termination of pregnancy at a gynaecology clinic were offered screening for sexually transmitted diseases, of whom 63 accepted. A total of 41 infections were found in 34 women, the commonest being vaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis. Chlamydia was found in six patients. Although HIV antibody testing was offered to every patient, all declined this test.

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