Awareness about sexually transmitted diseases in women related to their age, education and income

Objective: To assess the level of awareness about sexually transmitted diseases in females coming from different age groups and to investigate the role that education and social status may play on their knowledge. Methods: Study design: Cross Sectional Setting: CMH Lahore Gynaecology Out Patient Department Time frame: June 2019 till July 2019. Sample size: 337 Inclusion criteria: Patients included in this study presented to the CMH Gynaecology OPD during June to July 2019 and gave an informed consent about participation in the research. Exclusion criteria: Anyone who did not give consent. Data collection: Patients were given a hard copy of the questionnaire to fill. Any queries were answered on the spot. Data Analysis: SPSS version 23. Results: Of the 337 patients interviewed, 158 were aged 26-35 years. 71 patients were undergraduates and 99 had completed post graduate studies. 205 patients belonged to families with an income of less than RS.50, 000. 229 females had presented for a routine pregnancy checkup. 244 of the 337 patients had attested to know about STD’s. The most common source of their knowledge was through TV (142), followed by the internet (137). 251 of the 337 patients were familiar with limited STDs such as AIDS and Hepatitis B. Conclusion: Age, level of education and income had a profound effect on the knowledge regarding Sexually transmitted diseases amongst the women in Pakistan. Keywords: Sexually transmitted diseases, sexual and reproductive health, STD’s, STI’s, venereal diseases.

Hasil Prevalensi Sifilis Reaktif Metode Chlia dalam Donor Darah UDD PMI Lombok Barat

Background: Syphilis is a chronic and systematic disease caused by Treponema Pallidum. Syphilis transmission through sexual intercourse, can also occur vertivally ftom mother to fetus in the womb or at birt, through blood products and sometimes also transmitted through medical devices. WHO estimates that more than one million people worldwide diagnosed with Sexually Transmitted Diseases every day. Method: The research is a descriptive survey with Cross Sectional design. The data is taken from West Lombok Indonesian Red Cross Blood Donor Unit screening laboratory of period 2020. Result : The data showed the amount of syphilis reactive donors are as many as 36 people. The data showed the highest cases among blood dorors are of the age group 40-50 years as many as 12 people or 33,3% of the total syphilis reactive donors with the most cases only being male as many as 36 people or 100% of the total syphilis reactive blood donors. Implication : Theimplication of this study are: First, prevention efforts against risky sexual behavior so that the incidence of syphilis may decrease. Second, reduce the risk of transmission of sexually transmitted diseases through blood transfusions Novelty: The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of syphilis examination results in blood donors at UDD PMI west Lombok in 2020

Sexually Transmitted Infections in Pediatrics

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) disproportionately affect young people, with more than half of the infections occurring in 15- to 25-year-olds, although as an age group they constitute only 25% of the sexually active population. Adolescents have been considered as a key and vulnerable population; adolescents are considered as marginalized populations (i.e., poor access to adequate health services, social and parental acceptance, stigmatization, among others. Every year, 87 million new cases of gonorrhea are reported worldwide in the population from 15 to 49 years old. In 2016, the estimated global prevalence of CT in 15-to 49-year-old women was 3.8% and in men 2.7%, with regional values ranging from 1.5 to 7.0% in women and 1.2 to 4.0% in men. The worldwide prevalence of HSV-2 among 15–49-year old is 11.3% and for HSV-1 among 0–49-year-old is 67%. These numbers alert us about the increase in the frequency of these diseases among young populations; more open sexual behavior could be an important factor for this increase; the treatment of these diseases is challenging due to the difficulties with detection and treatment; in the case of gonorrhea, it could become a major public health problem due to the emerging antimicrobial resistance; in the case of Chlamydia, despite the effective treatment, reinfection is still a possibility and for genital herpes, the disease can be controlled but not cured. This chapter will describe the most important aspects of these three diseases for supporting the clinicians and researchers about the management of sexually transmitted diseases in the adolescent population.

The Epidemic of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Under the Influence of COVID-19 in China

Background: Prevention and control of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are major public health priorities in China, but are influenced by the COVID-19 epidemic. In this study, we aimed to quantitatively explore the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic and its control measures on five major STD epidemics in China.Methods: A monthly number of newly reported cases of HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B and C, gonorrhea, and syphilis from January 2010 to December 2020 were extracted to establish autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. Each month's absolute percentage error (APE) between the actual value and model-predicted value of each STD in 2020 was calculated to evaluate the influence of the COVID-19 epidemic on the STDs. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the confirmed COVID-19 case numbers and the COVID-19 control measures' correlations with the case numbers and the APEs of five STDs in 2020.Results: The actual number of five STDs in China was more than 50% lower than the predicted number in the early days of the COVID-19 epidemic, especially in February. Among them, the actual number of cases of hepatitis C, gonorrhea, and syphilis in February 2020 was more than 100% lower than the predicted number (APE was −102.3, −109.0, and −100.4%, respectively). After the sharply declines of STDs' reported cases in early 2020, the case numbers recovered quickly after March. The epidemic of STDs was negatively associated with the COVID-19 epidemic and its control measures, especially for restrictions on gathering size, close public transport, and stay-at-home requirements (p < 0.05).Conclusion: COVID-19 had a significant but temporary influence on the STD epidemic in China. The effective control of COVID-19 is vital for STD prevention. STD services need to be improved to prevent STDs from becoming a secluded corner in the shadow of COVID-19.

A Survey to Reduce STDs Infection in Mongolia and Big Data Virtualization Propagation

Sexually transmitted diseases refer to clinical syndromes and infections that are acquired and transmitted through sexual activity. Worldwide, more than 340 million cases of sexually transmitted disease occur each year, placing a great burden on individuals as well as communities and countries. The proportion of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Mongolia is relatively high due to their inadequate treatment technologies, religious or local customs, and regional differences. It is rather difficult to grasp the exact number of patients as these diseases are considered ones that should not be disclosed to others. Therefore, this study aims to accurately identify sexually transmitted diseases in Mongolia and reduce infection through an analytic approach of big data virtualization propagation.