scholarly journals Temporin A Soaking in Combination with Intraperitoneal Linezolid Prevents Vascular Graft Infection in a Subcutaneous Rat Pouch Model of Infection with Staphylococcus epidermidis with Intermediate Resistance to Glycopeptides

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 3162-3164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giacometti ◽  
Oscar Cirioni ◽  
Roberto Ghiselli ◽  
Fiorenza Orlando ◽  
Giuseppina D'Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Prosthetic Graft ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Prosthetic Graft Infection ◽  
Intermediate Resistance ◽  
Temporin A

ABSTRACT The efficacy of linezolid and temporin A in the prevention of prosthetic graft infection due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides was investigated in a subcutaneous rat pouch model. Linezolid and temporin A, alone or combined, greatly reduced the bacterial numbers compared to the effect with control drugs.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin in Preventing Vascular Graft Infection Due to Staphylococcus epidermidis with Intermediate Resistance to Glycopeptides

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 2885-2888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giacometti ◽  
Oscar Cirioni ◽  
Roberto Ghiselli ◽  
Fiorenza Orlando ◽  
Federico Mocchegiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Prosthetic Graft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Prosthetic Graft Infection ◽  
Intermediate Resistance

ABSTRACT A rat model was used to investigate the efficacy of quinupristin-dalfopristin (Q-D) in the prevention of vascular prosthetic graft infection due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides. The in vitro activity of the compound was compared to that of vancomycin by MIC determination and time-kill study. Moreover, the efficacy of collagen-sealed Q-D-soaked Dacron was evaluated in a rat model of graft infection. Graft infections were established in the subcutaneous tissue of the backs of 120 adult male Wistar rats. The in vivo study included a control group, one contaminated group that did not receive any antibiotic prophylaxis, two contaminated groups that received grafts soaked with 10 and 100 μg of Q-D per ml, respectively, and two contaminated groups that received grafts soaked with 10 and 100 μg of vancomycin per ml, respectively. Rats that received Dacron grafts soaked with 100 μg of Q-D per ml showed no evidence of infection (<10 CFU/ml). In contrast, for rats that received Dacron grafts soaked with 10 μg of Q-D per ml and Dacron grafts soaked with 10 or 100 μg of vancomycin per ml, the quantitative graft cultures demonstrated 2.2 × 102 ± 1.3 × 102, 2.2 × 106 ± 1.9 × 105, and 5.6 × 102 ± 0.3 × 102 CFU/ml, respectively. Taken together the results of the study demonstrate that the use of Dacron grafts soaked with Q-D can result in significant bacterial growth inhibition and show that this compound is potentially valuable for prevention of vascular prosthetic graft infection.

scholarly journals Polycationic Peptides as Prophylactic Agents against Methicillin-Susceptible or Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Vascular Graft Infection

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 3306-3309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giacometti ◽  
Oscar Cirioni ◽  
Roberto Ghiselli ◽  
Luigi Goffi ◽  
Federico Mocchegiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Prosthetic Graft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Agar Culture ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

ABSTRACT Several polycationic peptides isolated from animals, plants, and bacterial species possess a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. A rat model was used to investigate the efficacies of two peptides, ranalexin and buforin II, in the prevention of vascular prosthetic graft infections. The effect of peptide-soaked collagen-sealed Dacron was compared to that of rifampin-soaked collagen-sealed Dacron in the rat model of graft infection caused by methicillin-susceptible rifampin-susceptible Staphylococcus epidermidis and methicillin-resistant rifampin-susceptible S. epidermidis. Graft infections were established in the back subcutaneous tissue of 240 adult male Wistar rats by implantation of 1-cm2 Dacron prostheses, followed by topical inoculation with 2 × 107 CFU of S. epidermidis. The study included a control group (no graft contamination), two contaminated groups that did not receive any antibiotic prophylaxis, two contaminated groups to which perioperative intraperitoneal cefazolin prophylaxis (30 mg/kg of body weight) was administered, six contaminated groups that received a peptide- or rifampin-soaked graft, and six contaminated groups that received a peptide- or rifampin-soaked graft and perioperative intraperitoneal cefazolin prophylaxis (30 mg/kg). The grafts were sterilely removed 7 days after implantation, and the infection was evaluated by using sonication and quantitative agar culture. Overall, the efficacies of the polycationic peptides against the methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant strains were not significantly different from that of rifampin. Nevertheless, the combinations of ranalexin- and buforin II-coated grafts with cefazolin treatment demonstrated efficacies significantly higher than that of the combination of rifampin-coated grafts and cefazolin treatment against the methicillin-resistant strain.

scholarly journals Mupirocin Prophylaxis against Methicillin-Susceptible, Methicillin-Resistant, or Vancomycin-IntermediateStaphylococcus epidermidis Vascular-Graft Infection

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 2842-2844 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Giacometti ◽  
O. Cirioni ◽  
R. Ghiselli ◽  
L. Goffi ◽  
C. Viticchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Prosthetic Graft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Agar Culture ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Prosthetic Graft Infection ◽  
Dacron Prostheses

ABSTRACT A rat model was used to investigate the efficacy of mupirocin in the prevention of vascular prosthetic graft infection due toStaphylococcus epidermidis strains with different susceptibility patterns (methicillin susceptible, methicillin resistant, and with intermediate resistance to vancomycin). The effect of mupirocin-soaked Dacron was compared to that of perioperative intraperitoneal prophylaxis with vancomycin. Graft infections were established in the back subcutaneous tissue of adult male Wistar rats by implantation of Dacron prostheses (1 cm2) followed by topical inoculation with 5 × 107 CFU of one staphylococcal strain. The study included a control group (no graft contamination), three contaminated groups that did not receive any antibiotic prophylaxis, three contaminated groups that received mupirocin-soaked grafts, three contaminated groups in which perioperative intraperitoneal vancomycin prophylaxis (10 mg/kg of body weight) was administered, and three contaminated groups that received mupirocin-soaked grafts and perioperative intraperitoneal vancomycin prophylaxis (10 mg/kg). The grafts were sterilely removed 7 days after implantation, and the infection was evaluated by using sonication and quantitative agar culture. Data analysis showed the efficacy of mupirocin against all three strains, with growth of the strains in treated rats significantly different than that in the untreated control. In addition, mupirocin was more effective than vancomycin against the strain with intermediate susceptibility to the glycopeptide. Finally, the combination of mupirocin and vancomycin produced complete suppression of the growth of all of the strains.

scholarly journals Temporin A as a prophylactic agent against methicillin sodium-susceptible and methicillin sodium-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis vascular graft infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Ghiselli ◽  
Andrea Giacometti ◽  
Oscar Cirioni ◽  
Federico Mocchegiani ◽  
Fiorenza Orlando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Prophylactic Agent ◽  
Temporin A

Management and Outcome of Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infections: A Single Center Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Elens ◽  
Muzhakkir Dusoruth ◽  
Parla Astarci ◽  
Stefano Mastrobuoni ◽  
Michel J. Bosiers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Prosthetic Graft ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection

Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) remains a severe and challenging complication in vascular surgery with high morbidity and mortality rates. Incidence has been reported between 1% and 6%. The aim of this study was to report our experience in terms of general and surgical management as well as outcome, over 15 years. Methods: A retrospective consecutive study was conducted of all patients treated in our department for PVGI between January 2000 and December 2015. We analyzed all data relative to primary operation, duration interval between initial surgery and infections signs, infection site, type of microorganism involved, and surgical treatment modality, as well as evaluation of short- and long-term results. Results: Sixty-two patients were admitted for PVGI. Primary revascularization procedures consisted of a peripheral bypass in 42 (68%) patients and an aortic bypass in the remaining 20 (32%) patients. Median interval between primary procedure and reintervention was 3 months (interquartile range 17 [IQR 17]) in the peripheral group and 48 months (IQR 70.5) in the aortic group. Complete excision of the prosthetic graft was carried out in 85% of the cases. Thirty-day mortality was 0% and 9.5% in the aortic and peripheral group, respectively. The overall survival rate was 62.3% at 2-years, 46.4% in the aortic group, and 69.7% in the peripheral group. Conclusions: Prosthetic vascular graft infection needs a multidisciplinary management with appropriate antibiotherapy, radical removal of the infected graft, and in situ reconstruction. This strategy gives satisfactory results in terms of mortality, morbidity, patency rates, and infection control.

Risk factors for methicillin-resistant staphylococcal vascular graft infection in an 11-year cohort study

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Legout ◽  
Piervito D’Elia ◽  
Patrick Devos ◽  
Nicolas Ettahar ◽  
Beatrice Sarraz-Bournet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant
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