scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of the First Telithromycin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolate in Germany

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 3520-3522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf René Reinert ◽  
Mark van der Linden ◽  
Adnan Al-Lahham
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Erythromycin A ◽  
Positive Isolate ◽  
Resistance Rates

ABSTRACT A total of 486 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were collected in 2003 and 2004 in Germany and revealed the following resistance rates: penicillin G (7.2%) and erythromycin A (18.9%). Telithromycin exhibited good in vitro activity (MIC at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited, 0.125 μg/ml). However, one erm(B)-positive isolate was found to be telithromycin resistant (MIC, 8 μg/ml).

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Telithromycin against SpanishStreptococcus pneumoniae Isolates with Characterized Macrolide Resistance Mechanisms

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 2427-2431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marı́a-Isabel Morosini ◽  
Rafael Cantón ◽  
Elena Loza ◽  
Marı́a-Cristina Negri ◽  
Juan-Carlos Galán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Erythromycin A

ABSTRACT The susceptibilities to telithromycin of 203 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates prospectively collected during 1999 and 2000 from 14 different geographical areas in Spain were tested and compared with those to erythromycin A, clindamycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, penicillin G, cefotaxime, and levofloxacin. Telithromycin was active against 98.9% of isolates (MICs, ≤0.5 μg/ml), with MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhibited being 0.06 μg/ml, irrespective of the resistance genotype. The corresponding values for erythromycin were 61.0% (MICs, ≤0.25 μg/ml) and >64 μg/ml. The erm(B) gene (macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance phenotype) was detected in 36.4% (n = 74) of the isolates, which corresponded to 93.6% of erythromycin-intermediate and -resistant isolates, whereas the mef(A) gene (M phenotype [resistance to erythromycin and susceptibility to clindamycin and spiramycin without blunting]) was present in only 2.4% (n = 5) of the isolates. One of the latter isolates also carried erm(B). Interestingly, in one isolate for which the erythromycin MIC was 2 μg/ml, none of these resistance genes could be detected. Erythromycin MICs forS. pneumoniae erm(B)-positive isolates were higher (range, 0.5 to >64 μg/ml) than those for erm(B)- andmef(A)-negative isolates (range, 0.008 to 2 μg/ml). The corresponding values for telithromycin were lower for both groups, with ranges of 0.004 to 1 and 0.002 to 0.06 μg/ml, respectively. The erythromycin MIC was high for a large number oferm(B)-positive isolates, but the telithromycin MIC was low for these isolates. These results indicate the potential usefulness of telithromycin for the treatment of infections caused by erythromycin-susceptible and -resistant S. pneumoniaeisolates when macrolides are indicated.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Cefepime against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli, Viridans Group Streptococci andStreptococcus pneumoniaefrom a Cross-Canada Surveillance Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E Low ◽  
Joyce de Azavedo ◽  
Canadian Bacterial Surveillance Network ◽  
Ross Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
National Committee ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Viridans Group Streptococci

OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro activity of cefepime against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci obtained from an ongoing cross-Canada surveillance study.DESIGN: Clinical isolates of aerobic Gram-negative bacilli with inducible and constitutive chromosomally mediated cephalosporinases, viridans group streptococci andStreptococcus pneumoniaewere collected from laboratories serving hospitals, nursing homes and physician offices in the community from across Canada during 1996 and 1997. Laboratories were asked to submit only clinically relevant nonduplicate isolates for susceptibility testing. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out on all isolates of Gram-negative and viridans group streptococci.S pneumoniaewere characterized as penicillin susceptible, intermediately resistant or highly resistant. Nonsusceptible isolates were defined as being intermediately or highly resistant (minimal inhibitory concentrations [MIC] greater than 0.06 mg/L). Only isolates ofS pneumoniaethat were nonsusceptible to penicillin were selected for further study. MICs were determined using a microbroth dilution technique according to the National Committee of Clinical Laboratory Standards.RESULTS: A total of 727 Gram-negative bacilli samples were collected. No resistance to cefepime was detected withCitrobacter freundii,Serratia marcescens,Morganella morganiiandEnterobacterspecies. Of these strains,Enterobacterspecies andC freundiiwere the most resistant to ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone with MIC90Sof 32 mg/L or greater and resistance rates of 6% or greater. Resistance rates ofPseudomonas aeruginosaandAcinetobacterspecies to cefepime were 4.8% and 3%, respectively. The two organisms had similar rates of resistance to ceftazidime. Less than 3% of the Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to imipenem and meropenem. There were 153 viridans group streptococci, of which 22 (14.4%) were resistant to penicillin. Of 1287S pneumoniaesamples, 193 (15%) were nonsusceptible to penicillin. Cefepime, ceftriaxone and cefotaxime had comparable activity against all isolates of viridans group streptococci andS pneumoniae.CONCLUSIONS: Cefepime demonstrated excellent in vitro activity against Gram-negative bacilli with inducible and constitutive chromosomally mediated cephalosporinases, and had equal or superior activity versus comparator beta-lactams against all isolates of viridans group streptococci andS pneumoniae.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of AR-709 against Streptococcus pneumoniae

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1182-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. T. M. Jansen ◽  
A. Verel ◽  
J. Verhoef ◽  
D. Milatovic
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT We investigated the in vitro activity of AR-709, a novel diaminopyrimidine antibiotic currently in development for treatment of community-acquired upper and lower respiratory tract infections, against 151 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains from various European countries. AR-709 showed excellent activity against both drug-susceptible and multidrug-resistant pneumococci.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document