scholarly journals Using Bacteriophages To Reduce Formation of Catheter-Associated Biofilms by Staphylococcus epidermidis

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1268-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Curtin ◽  
Rodney M. Donlan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Model System ◽  
Indwelling Catheters ◽  
Vitro Model

ABSTRACT Use of indwelling catheters is often compromised as a result of biofilm formation. This study investigated if hydrogel-coated catheters pretreated with a coagulase-negative bacteriophage would reduce Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation. Biofilms were developed on hydrogel-coated silicone catheters installed in a modified drip flow reactor. Catheter segments were pretreated with the lytic S. epidermidis bacteriophage 456 by exposing the catheter lumen to a 10-log-PFU/ml culture of the bacteriophage for 1 h at 37°C prior to biofilm formation. The untreated mean biofilm cell count was 7.01 ± 0.47 log CFU/cm2 of catheter. Bacteriophage treatment with and without supplemental divalent cations resulted in log-CFU/cm2 reductions of 4.47 (P < 0.0001) and 2.34 (P = 0.001), respectively. Divalent cation supplementation without bacteriophage treatment provided a 0.67-log-CFU/cm2 reduction (P = 0.053). Treatment of hydrogel-coated silicone catheters with an S. epidermidis bacteriophage in an in vitro model system significantly reduced viable biofilm formation by S. epidermidis over a 24-h exposure period, suggesting the potential of bacteriophage for mitigating biofilm formation on indwelling catheters and reducing the incidence of catheter-related infections.

scholarly journals Highly variable effect of sonication to dislodge biofilm-embedded Staphylococcus epidermidis directly quantified by epifluorescence microscopy: an in vitro model study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik T. Sandbakken ◽  
Eivind Witsø ◽  
Bjørnar Sporsheim ◽  
Kjartan W. Egeberg ◽  
Olav A. Foss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Prosthetic Joint Infections ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vitro Model

Abstract Background In cases of prosthetic joint infections, culture of sonication fluid can supplement culture of harvested tissue samples for correct microbial diagnosis. However, discrepant results regarding the increased sensitivity of sonication have been reported in several studies. To what degree bacteria embedded in biofilm are dislodged during the sonication process has to our knowledge not been fully elucidated. In the present in vitro study, we have evaluated the effect of sonication as a method to dislodge biofilm by quantitative microscopy. Methods We used a standard biofilm method to cover small steel plates with biofilm forming Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 and carried out the sonication procedure according to clinical practice. By comparing area covered with biofilm before and after sonication with epifluorescence microscopy, the effect of sonication on biofilm removal was quantified. Two series of experiments were made, one with 24-h biofilm formation and another with 72-h biofilm formation. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to confirm whether bacteria were present after sonication. In addition, quantitative bacteriology of sonication fluid was performed. Results Epifluorescence microscopy enabled visualization of biofilm before and after sonication. CLSM and SEM confirmed coccoid cells on the surface after sonication. Biofilm was dislodged in a highly variable manner. Conclusion There is an unexpected high variation seen in the ability of sonication to dislodge biofilm-embedded S. epidermidis in this in vitro model.

scholarly journals Exposure of ichnovirus particles to digitonin leads to enhanced infectivity and induces fusion from without in an in vitro model system

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 2977-2984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Stoltz ◽  
Renée Lapointe ◽  
Andrea Makkay ◽  
Michel Cusson
Keyword(s):  
Outer Membrane ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Model System ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Fusion Event ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
In Vitro Model System ◽  
Vitro Model

Unlike most viruses, the mature ichnovirus particle possesses two unit membrane envelopes. Following loss of the outer membrane in vivo, nucleocapsids are believed to gain entry into the cytosol via a membrane fusion event involving the inner membrane and the plasma membrane of susceptible host cells; accordingly, experimentally induced damage to the outer membrane might be expected to increase infectivity. Here, in an attempt to develop an in vitro model system for studying ichnovirus infection, we show that digitonin-induced disruption of the virion outer membrane not only increases infectivity, but also uncovers an activity not previously associated with any polydnavirus: fusion from without.

scholarly journals Development and validation of an in vitro model system to study peripheral sensory neuron development and injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwan Jones ◽  
Tushar Devanand Yelhekar ◽  
Rebecca Wiberg ◽  
Paul J. Kingham ◽  
Staffan Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neuron ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Model System ◽  
Neuron Development ◽  
In Vitro Model System ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Peripheral Sensory

scholarly journals THP-1 Macrophages and SGBS Adipocytes ? A New Human in vitro Model System of Inflamed Adipose Tissue

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Keuper ◽  
Anna Dzyakanchuk ◽  
Kurt E. Amrein ◽  
Martin Wabitsch ◽  
Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Model System ◽  
In Vitro Model System ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals Microcavity arrays as an in vitro model system of the bone marrow niche for hematopoietic stem cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 364 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Wuchter ◽  
Rainer Saffrich ◽  
Stefan Giselbrecht ◽  
Cordula Nies ◽  
Hanna Lorig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Model System ◽  
Bone Marrow Niche ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
In Vitro Model System ◽  
Vitro Model
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