scholarly journals Persistence of West Nile Virus-Specific Antibodies in Viremic Blood Donors

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1228-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry E. Prince ◽  
Leslie H. Tobler ◽  
Cindy Yeh ◽  
Nelly Gefter ◽  
Brian Custer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Persistence

ABSTRACT We evaluated West Nile virus (WNV) antibody persistence by using follow-up plasma samples from 35 blood donors who made viremic donations in 2005. At 26 to 34 days of follow-up, all of the donors (n = 33) were positive for WNV immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, and IgG. At 1-year of follow-up, 17% of the donors (n = 23) were positive for WNV IgM, 57% were positive for WNV IgA, and 100% were positive for WNV IgG.

scholarly journals Human West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Infection: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Virological Findings

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monia Pacenti ◽  
Alessandro Sinigaglia ◽  
Elisa Franchin ◽  
Silvana Pagni ◽  
Enrico Lavezzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Neuroinvasive Disease ◽  
Human West Nile Virus ◽  
Large Outbreak ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Lineage 2

West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 2 is expanding and causing large outbreaks in Europe. In this study, we analyzed the epidemiological, clinical, and virological features of WNV lineage 2 infection during the large outbreak that occurred in northern Italy in 2018. The study population included 86 patients with neuroinvasive disease (WNND), 307 with fever (WNF), and 34 blood donors. Phylogenetic analysis of WNV full genome sequences from patients’ samples showed that the virus belonged to the widespread central/southern European clade of WNV lineage 2 and was circulating in the area at least since 2014. The incidence of WNND and WNF progressively increased with age and was higher in males than in females. Among WNND patients, the case fatality rate was 22%. About 70% of blood donors reported symptoms during follow-up. Within the first week after symptom onset, WNV RNA was detectable in the blood or urine of 80% of patients, while 20% and 40% of WNND and WNF patients, respectively, were WNV IgM-seronegative. In CSF samples of WNND patients, WNV RNA was typically detectable when WNV IgM antibodies were absent. Blunted or no WNV IgM response and high WNV IgG levels were observed in seven patients with previous flavivirus immunity.

Persistence of Anti-West Nile Virus-Specific Antibodies Among Asymptomatic Blood Donors in Northeastern Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 892-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Pierro ◽  
Paolo Gaibani ◽  
Claudia Manisera ◽  
Giada Rossini ◽  
Alba Carola Finarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Northeastern Italy

scholarly journals Development and Persistence of West Nile Virus-Specific Immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, and IgG in Viremic Blood Donors

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 4316-4320 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Prince ◽  
L. H. Tobler ◽  
M. Lape-Nixon ◽  
G. A. Foster ◽  
S. L. Stramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin

scholarly journals Interferon and Interferon-Induced Chemokine Expression Is Associated with Control of Acute Viremia in West Nile Virus-Infected Blood Donors

2008 ◽  
Vol 198 (7) ◽  
pp. 979-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie H. Tobler ◽  
Mark J. Cameron ◽  
Marion C. Lanteri ◽  
Harry E. Prince ◽  
Ali Danesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Initial Control ◽  
Serial Samples

Abstract To understand early host responses controlling West Nile virus (WNV) infection, acutely viremic blood donors, identified by nucleic acid amplification testing, were enrolled and monitored for RNA-clearance and WNV-specific IgM and IgG antibodies. Viral load and chemokine and cytokine assays were performed on serial samples from donors whose index and first follow-up samples tested negative for IgM. A total of 84% of the specimens obtained from viremic donors before IgM/IgG seroconversion demonstrated a decreasing viral load. Levels of interferon (IFN)-α ere significantly increased before IgM seroconversion, relative to those in control specimens. CXCL10 and CCL2 were significantly elevated in donor specimens obtained before IgM seroconversion, compared with those obtained after IgM seroconversion. These findings suggest that IFN-mediated innate immunity plays a key role in initial control of WNV replication.

Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus–Specific Antibodies in a Cohort of Blood Donors in Northeastern Italy

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1605-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Pierro ◽  
Paolo Gaibani ◽  
Claudia Manisera ◽  
Giorgio Dirani ◽  
Giada Rossini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Northeastern Italy

scholarly journals Utilization of Follow-Up Specimens from Viremic Blood Donors To Assess the Value of West Nile Virus Immunoglobulin G Avidity as an Indicator of Recent Infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1123-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry E. Prince ◽  
Mary Lapé-Nixon ◽  
Michael P. Busch ◽  
Leslie H. Tobler ◽  
Gregory A. Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Avidity Maturation

ABSTRACT The value of West Nile virus immunoglobulin G avidity for distinguishing recent from past infection was investigated using 348 follow-up specimens from 170 viremic blood donors. Low avidity accurately indicated infection within the previous 4 months. However, due to rapid avidity maturation in some individuals, high avidity did not accurately indicate past infection.

scholarly journals Geographic Factors Contributing to a High Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus-Specific Antibodies in Humans following an Epidemic

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth K. Schweitzer ◽  
Wayne L. Kramer ◽  
Anthony R. Sambol ◽  
Jane L. Meza ◽  
Steven H. Hinrichs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
The State ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Geographic Factors ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
High Prevalence

ABSTRACT Sera of 624 blood donors were evaluated to determine seroprevalence of West Nile virus (WNV) antibodies following the 2003 WNV epidemic in Nebraska. Geographic factors contributing to differences in WNV seropositivity were evaluated. The overall prevalence of WNV in Nebraska was higher than reported previously in other U.S. locations (9.5% WNV immunoglobulin G seroprevalence rate), with the highest prevalence identified in the western part of the state (19.7%), followed by the central (13.8%) and the eastern (4.2%) parts. Regions of the state with the highest WNV-positive mosquito rates correlated with the highest human WNV seroprevalence rates. The results showed that both the western and central parts of the state, where mosquito positivity rates were highest, had significantly higher seroprevalence rates than the eastern region. Additional studies are needed to determine whether the high prevalence rates in Nebraska will be reflected in other states and what impact environmental and geographical factors may have on future outbreaks of WNV infection.

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