scholarly journals Bacteroides fragilis toxin exhibits polar activity on monolayers of human intestinal epithelial cells (T84 cells) in vitro.

1997 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 3561-3570 ◽  
Author(s):  
F G Chambers ◽  
S S Koshy ◽  
R F Saidi ◽  
D P Clark ◽  
R D Moore ◽  
...  
2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1965-1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANGEETHA ANANDA BASKARAN ◽  
ANUP KOLLANOOR-JOHNY ◽  
MEERA SURENDRAN NAIR ◽  
KUMAR VENKITANARAYANAN

ABSTRACTEscherichia coli O157:H7 is a major foodborne pathogen that can cause serious human illness characterized by hemorrhagic diarrhea and kidney failure. The pathology of enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 (EHEC) infection is primarily mediated by verotoxins, which bind to the globotriaosylceramide receptor on host cells. Antibiotics are contraindicated for treating EHEC infection because they lead to increased verotoxin release, thereby increasing the risk of renal failure and death in patients. Thus, alternative strategies are needed for controlling EHEC infections in humans. This study investigated the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of five plant-derived antimicrobial agents (PDAs) that are generally considered as safe, i.e., trans-cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, and β-resorcylic acid, on EHEC motility, adhesion to human intestinal epithelial cells, verotoxin production, and virulence gene expression. All tested PDAs reduced EHEC motility and attachment to human intestinal epithelial cells (P < 0.05) and decreased verotoxin synthesis by EHEC. The reverse transcription real-time PCR data revealed that PDAs decreased the expression of critical virulence genes in EHEC (P < 0.05). The results collectively suggest that these PDAs could be used to reduce EHEC virulence, but follow-up studies in animal models are necessary to validate these findings.


2009 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 4406-4413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suely C. F. Sampaio ◽  
Tânia A. T. Gomes ◽  
Christophe Pichon ◽  
Laurence du Merle ◽  
Stéphanie Guadagnini ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT The ability of some typical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strains to adhere to, invade, and increase interleukin-8 (IL-8) production in intestinal epithelial cells in vitro has been demonstrated. However, few studies regarding these aspects have been performed with atypical EPEC (aEPEC) strains, which are emerging enteropathogens in Brazil. In this study, we evaluated a selected aEPEC strain (1711-4) of serotype O51:H40, the most prevalent aEPEC serotype in Brazil, in regard to its ability to adhere to and invade Caco-2 and T84 cells and to elicit IL-8 production in Caco-2 cells. The role of flagella in aEPEC 1711-4 adhesion, invasion, and IL-8 production was investigated by performing the same experiments with an isogenic aEPEC mutant unable to produce flagellin (FliC), the flagellum protein subunit. We demonstrated that this mutant (fliC mutant) had a marked decrease in the ability to adhere to T84 cells and invade both T84 and Caco-2 cells in gentamicin protection assays and by transmission electron microscopy. In addition, the aEPEC 1711-4 fliC mutant had a reduced ability to stimulate IL-8 production by Caco-2 cells in early (3-h) but not in late (24-h) infections. Our findings demonstrate that flagella of aEPEC 1711-4 are required for efficient adhesion, invasion, and early but not late IL-8 production in intestinal epithelial cells in vitro.


2008 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Bhattacharyya ◽  
Alip Borthakur ◽  
Pradeep K. Dudeja ◽  
Joanne K. Tobacman

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen H.M.C. Nuenen ◽  
Rianne A.F. Ligt ◽  
Robert P. Doornbos ◽  
Janneke C.J. Woude ◽  
Ernst J. Kuipers ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 4311-4318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieyan Pan ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Matthew A. Odenwald ◽  
Le Shen ◽  
Jerrold R. Turner ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTIn vitro, infection of polarized human intestinal epithelial cells by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) depends on virus interaction with decay-accelerating factor (DAF), a receptor expressed on the apical cell surface. Although mice are highly susceptible to CVB3 infection when virus is delivered by intraperitoneal injection, infection by the enteral route is very inefficient. Murine DAF, unlike human DAF, does not bind virus, and we hypothesized that the absence of an accessible receptor on the intestinal surface is an important barrier to infection by the oral route. We generated transgenic mice that express human DAF specifically on intestinal epithelium and measured their susceptibility to infection by a DAF-binding CVB3 isolate. Human DAF permitted CVB3 to bind to the intestinal surfaceex vivoand to infect polarized monolayers of small-intestinal epithelial cells derived from DAF transgenic mice. However, expression of human DAF did not facilitate infection by the enteral route either in immunocompetent animals or in animals deficient in the interferon alpha/beta receptor. These results indicate that the absence of an apical receptor on intestinal epithelium is not the major barrier to infection of mice by the oral route.IMPORTANCECVB3 infection of human intestinal epithelial cells depends on DAF at the apical cell surface, and expression of human DAF on murine intestinal epithelial cells permits their infectionin vitro. However, expression of human DAF on the intestinal surface of transgenic mice did not facilitate infection by the oral route. Although the role of intestinal DAF in human infection has not been directly examined, these results suggest that DAF is not the critical factor in mice.


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