scholarly journals Genotypic Analysis of Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae from Mali, Africa, by Semiautomated Repetitive-Element PCR and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Harrington ◽  
F. Stock ◽  
A. L. Kominski ◽  
J. D. Campbell ◽  
J. C. Hormazabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Genotypic Analysis

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Molecular Analysis of Penicillin-Nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates in Poland

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Sadowy ◽  
Radosław Izdebski ◽  
Anna Skoczyńska ◽  
Paweł Grzesiowski ◽  
Marek Gniadkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Related Clone ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT β-Lactams are the drugs of choice for the treatment of infections caused by the important bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. The recent growth of resistance of this organism to penicillin observed worldwide is of the highest concern. In this study, using 887 surveillance pneumococcal isolates recovered in Poland from 1998 to 2002, we observed the increase in penicillin nonsusceptibility from 8.7% to 20.3%. All of the 109 penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae (PNSP) isolates identified, together with 22 archival PNSP isolates from 1995 to 1997, were subsequently analyzed by susceptibility testing, serotyping, profiling of pbp genes, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Four predominant serotypes, serotypes 6B, 9V, 14, and 23F, characterized 85.5% of the isolates. MLST revealed the presence of 34 sequence types, 15 of which were novel types. Representatives of seven multiresistant international clones (Spain23F-1, Spain6B-2, Spain9V-3, Taiwan23F-15, Poland23F-16, Poland6B-20, and Sweden15A-25) or their closely related variants comprised the majority of the study isolates. The spread of Spain9V-3 and its related clone of serotype 14/ST143 has remarkably contributed to the recent increase in penicillin resistance in pneumococci in the country.

scholarly journals A Novel Multiresistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Serogroup 19 Clone from Washington State Identified by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Restriction Fragment Length Patterns

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1575-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki A. Luna ◽  
Daniel B. Jernigan ◽  
Alan Tice ◽  
James D. Kellner ◽  
Marilyn C. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

In 1997, a cluster of multiresistant invasive serogroup 19 pneumococcus infections, including two fatalities, was reported in Washington State. Further investigation identified other cases. Fourteen Washington Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, four from Alaska, and eight isolates from eastern Canada with reduced penicillin susceptibility (MIC of ≥1 μg/ml) were included in the study. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with ApaI,SacII, and SmaI restriction enzymes and IS1167 and mef restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern analysis were performed. Twenty of the 26 isolates had identical or related PFGE patterns, with two or all three enzymes, and identical or related IS1167 RFLP patterns, indicating that they were genetically related. These 20 isolates contained the mef gene conferring erythromycin resistance and had identical mef RFLP patterns. The PFGE and RFLP patterns were distinct from those of six multiresistant clones previously described and suggest that a new multiresistant clone has appeared in Washington, Alaska, and eastern Canada. This newly characterized clone should be included in the Pneumococcal Molecular Epidemiology Network.

scholarly journals Genetic Relatedness of Recently Collected Spanish Respiratory Tract Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates with Reduced Susceptibility to Amoxicillin

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 3637-3639 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pérez-Trallero ◽  
J. M. Marimón ◽  
A. González ◽  
C. García-Rey ◽  
L. Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field

ABSTRACT Of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from 17 hospitals, 9.8% were amoxicillin nonsusceptible (MIC ≥ 4 μg/ml). The genetic relatedness of 138 isolates was studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Although 44 different clones were detected, more than 62% of these isolates were related to four clones (Spain23F-1, Spain6B-2, Spain9V-3, and Spain14-5).

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Penicillin-Resistant and Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Canada

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 804-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Nichol ◽  
George G. Zhanel ◽  
Daryl J. Hoban
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Penicillin Resistance ◽  
Genotypic Variability ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Ciprofloxacin Resistance

ABSTRACT Eighty-nine penicillin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were evaluated by serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Although penicillin-resistant isolates demonstrated considerable homogeneity, resistance to ciprofloxacin did not correlate with a reduction in genotypic variability. These results suggest that, unlike that of penicillin resistance, the spread of S. pneumoniae ciprofloxacin resistance in Canada is currently not attributable to clonal dissemination.

scholarly journals Dissemination of a Chloramphenicol- and Tetracycline-Resistant but Penicillin-Susceptible Invasive Clone of Serotype 5 Streptococcus pneumoniae in Colombia

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2337-2342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Tamayo ◽  
Raquel Sá-Leão ◽  
Ilda Santos Sanches ◽  
Elizabeth Castañeda ◽  
Hermínia de Lencastre
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Serotype 5

A national surveillance conducted in Colombia between 1994 and 1996 identified serotype 5 Streptococcus pneumoniae as the second most frequent cause of invasive disease in children younger than 5 years of age. All 43 serotype 5 isolates collected during this period were shown to be susceptible to penicillin, erythromycin, cefotaxime, and vancomycin, but most (38 of 43, or 88%) were highly resistant to chloramphenicol. In order to clarify a possible genetic relatedness among these isolates, additional microbiological and molecular characterizations were performed. Most (40 of 43, or 93%) of the isolates were found to be resistant to tetracycline. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of chromosomal DNAs revealed that all the 43 isolates were closely related and that 38 of the 43 isolates were representatives of a “Colombian clone” of S. pneumoniae isolates which were recovered throughout the 3-year surveillance period from patients in 13 hospitals located in five Colombian cities. Isolates belonging to this Colombian clone were resistant to chloramphenicol and tetracycline, hybridized with thecat and tetM DNA probes in the same 340-kbSmaI fragment, and had identical PFGE patterns after bothSmaI and ApaI digestions.

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