scholarly journals Application of a numerical index of discriminatory power to a comparison of four physiochemical typing methods for Candida albicans.

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2156-2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
P R Hunter ◽  
C A Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Discriminatory Power ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Numerical Index

scholarly journals Comparison of four molecular typing methods to assess genetic relatedness of Candida albicans clinical isolates in Taiwan

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Wei Chen ◽  
Hsiu-Jung Lo ◽  
Yu-Hui Lin ◽  
Shu-Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Discriminatory Power ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
High Discriminatory Power ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Genetic Profiles

This report describes the investigation of the genetic profiles of 53 Candida albicans isolates collected from 18 hospitals in Taiwan using three PFGE-based typing methods (PFGE karyotyping, and PFGE of SfiI and BssHII restriction fragments) and one repetitive-sequence-PCR (rep-PCR) method. All four methods were able to identify clonal related isolates from the same patients. PFGE-BssHII exhibited the highest discriminatory power by discriminating 40 genotypes, followed by PFGE-SfiI (35 genotypes) and then by rep-PCR (31 genotypes), while PFGE karyotyping exhibited the lowest discriminatory power (19 genotypes). High discriminatory power can also be achieved by combining typing methods with different typing mechanisms, such as rep-PCR and PFGE-based typing methods. The results also showed that the genotype of each isolate was patient-specific and not associated with the source of the isolation, geographic origin or antifungal resistance.

scholarly journals High-Resolution Genotyping of Streptococcus pyogenesSerotype M1 Isolates by Fluorescent Amplified-Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1948-1952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meeta Desai ◽  
Androulla Efstratiou ◽  
Robert George ◽  
John Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Discriminatory Power ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
High Discriminatory Power ◽  
Typing Methods

We have used fluorescent amplified-fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) analysis to subtype clinical isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M1. Established typing methods define most M1 isolates as members of a clone that has a worldwide distribution and that is strongly associated with invasive diseases. FAFLP analysis simultaneously sampled 90 to 120 loci throughout the M1 genome. Its discriminatory power, precision, and reproducibility were compared with those of other molecular typing methods. Irrespective of disease symptomatology or geographic origin, the majority of the clinical M1 isolates shared a single ribotype, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis macrorestriction profile, and emm1 gene sequence. Nonetheless, among these isolates, FAFLP analysis could differentiate 17 distinct profiles, including seven multi-isolate groups. The FAFLP profiles of M1 isolates reproducibly exhibited between 1 and more than 20 amplified fragment differences. The high discriminatory power of genotyping by FAFLP analysis revealed genetic microheterogeneity and differentiated otherwise “identical” M1 isolates as members of a clone complex.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR TYPING OF Candida albicans ISOLATES FROM HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia de Souza Bonfim-Mendonca ◽  
Adriana Fiorini ◽  
Cristiane Suemi Shinobu-Mesquita ◽  
Lilian Cristiane Baeza ◽  
Maria Aparecida Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
A Site

SUMMARY Introduction: The majority of nosocomial fungal infections are caused by Candida spp. where C. albicans is the species most commonly identified. Molecular methods are important tools for assessing the origin of the yeasts isolated in hospitals. Methods: This is a study on the genetic profifiles of 39 nosocomial clinical isolates of C. albicans using two typing methods: random amplifified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite, two different primers for each technique were used. Results: RAPD provided 10 and 11 different profiles with values for SAB of 0.84 ± 0.126 and 0.88 ± 0.08 for primers M2 and P4, respectively. Microsatellite using two markers, CDC3 and HIS3, allowed the observation of six and seven different alleles, respectively, with combined discriminatory power of 0.91. Conclusions: Although genetic variability is clear, it was possible to identify high similarity, suggesting a common origin for at least a part of isolates. It is important to emphasize that common origin was proven from yeasts isolated from colonization (urine, catheter or endotracheal secretions) and blood culture from the same patient, indicating that the candidemia must have started from a site of colonization. The combination of RAPD and microsatellite provides a quick and efficient analysis for investigation of similarity among nosocomial isolates of C. albicans.

scholarly journals Genotypic variation and antifungal susceptibilities of Candida pelliculosa clinical isolates

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Barchiesi ◽  
A M Tortorano ◽  
L Falconi Di Francesco ◽  
A Rigoni ◽  
A Giacometti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Optimal Drug ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Dna Types

At the Istituto Ricovero Cura Carattere Scientifico, Ospedale Maggiore di Milano, Italy, Candida pelliculosa accounted for 3.3 and 4.4 % of all Candida species other than Candida albicans collected during 1996 and 1998, respectively. Genetic variability was investigated by electrophoretic karyotyping and inter-repeat PCR, and the susceptibility to five antifungal agents of 46 strains isolated from 37 patients during these 2 years was determined. Combination of the two typing methods yielded 14 different DNA types. Although the majority of DNA types were randomly distributed among different units, one DNA type was significantly more common in patients hospitalized in a given unit compared with those from other wards (P = 0.034), whereas another DNA type was more frequently isolated in patients hospitalized during 1996 than in those hospitalized during 1998 (P = 0.002). Fluconazole, itraconazole and posaconazole MIC90 values were 16, 1 and 4 μg ml−1, respectively. All isolates but three were susceptible in vitro to flucytosine. All isolates were susceptible in vitro to amphotericin B. These data suggest that there are possible relationships among strains of C. pelliculosa, wards and time of isolation. Amphotericin B seems to be the optimal drug therapy in infections due to this yeast species.

scholarly journals Comparison of molecular typing methods for Candida albicans.

1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 2674-2679 ◽  
Author(s):  
P T Magee ◽  
L Bowdin ◽  
J Staudinger
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Typing Methods

scholarly journals Numerical index of the discriminatory ability of biotyping for strains ofSalmonella typhimuriumandSalmonella paratyphiB

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C Old ◽  
R.M. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Discrimination Index ◽  
Discriminatory Power ◽  
Phage Typing ◽  
Discriminatory Ability ◽  
Numerical Index

SUMMARYAn index of discrimination was used to assess the discriminatory power of biotyping for salmonellas of selected serotypes. Three collections of phage-typed strains ofSalmonella typhimuriumandSalmonella paratyphiB, previously tested for biotype, were examined. The results established that the discrimination index was high when full biotyping alone was used for differentiation of strains from international series. When biotyping was combined with phage typing, the discrimination achieved was greater than for either method used alone. These findings confirm that biotyping affords excellent discrimination of strains ofS. typhimuriumandS. paratyphiB and indicate that the results obtained from biotyping can be interpreted with confidence.

scholarly journals An epidemic methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus in Spain

1992 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Aparicio ◽  
J. Richardson ◽  
S. Martin ◽  
A. Vindel ◽  
R. R. Marples ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Enzyme Digestion ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Discriminatory Power ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Cellular Dna

SUMMARYDuring 1990, a strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus became epidemic in Spain and spread in a manner analogous to that of EMRSA-1 in England. Isolates of this strain produced little protein A and were resistant to a number of antibiotics including ciprofloxacin. Beta-lactamase production was encoded by a c. 39 kb plasmid, which also conferred resistance to mercury, cadmium, ethidium bromide and propamidine isethionate.Investigation showed that two variants, separable by supplementary and Fisk phage typing, were circulating. The B variant appeared to spread more readily than the A variant.The opportunity was taken to compare the discriminatory power of traditional typing methods with molecular techniques. The discriminatory power of the molecular techniques used only reached the same level as the traditional methods when double enzyme digestion of total cellular DNA by EcoR I and Cla I was performed.

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