scholarly journals SCCmecFinder, a Web-Based Tool for Typing of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec in Staphylococcus aureus Using Whole-Genome Sequence Data

mSphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hülya Kaya ◽  
Henrik Hasman ◽  
Jesper Larsen ◽  
Marc Stegger ◽  
Thor Bech Johannesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Bioinformatic Tools ◽  
Bioinformatic Tool ◽  
Pcr Techniques ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

SCCmec in MRSA is acknowledged to be of importance not only because it contains the mecA or mecC gene but also for staphylococcal adaptation to different environments, e.g., in hospitals, the community, and livestock. Typing of SCCmec by PCR techniques has, because of its heterogeneity, been challenging, and whole-genome sequencing has only partially solved this since no good bioinformatic tools have been available. In this article, we describe the development of a new bioinformatic tool, SCCmecFinder, that includes most of the needs for infection control professionals and researchers regarding the interpretation of SCCmec elements. The software detects all of the SCCmec elements accepted by the International Working Group on the Classification of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Elements, and users will be prompted if diverging and potential new elements are uploaded. Furthermore, SCCmecFinder will be curated and updated as new elements are found and it is easy to use and freely accessible.

scholarly journals Whole genome characterization of strains belonging to the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex and in silico analysis of TaqMan assays for detection in this heterogenous species complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viola Kurm ◽  
Ilse Houwers ◽  
Claudia E. Coipan ◽  
Peter Bonants ◽  
Cees Waalwijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Pcr Assays

AbstractIdentification and classification of members of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is challenging due to the heterogeneity of this complex. Whole genome sequence data of 225 strains were used to classify strains based on average nucleotide identity (ANI) and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). Based on the ANI score (>95%), 191 out of 192(99.5%) RSSC strains could be grouped into the three species R. solanacearum, R. pseudosolanacearum, and R. syzygii, and into the four phylotypes within the RSSC (I,II, III, and IV). R. solanacearum phylotype II could be split in two groups (IIA and IIB), from which IIB clustered in three subgroups (IIBa, IIBb and IIBc). This division by ANI was in accordance with MLSA. The IIB subgroups found by ANI and MLSA also differed in the number of SNPs in the primer and probe sites of various assays. An in-silico analysis of eight TaqMan and 11 conventional PCR assays was performed using the whole genome sequences. Based on this analysis several cases of potential false positives or false negatives can be expected upon the use of these assays for their intended target organisms. Two TaqMan assays and two PCR assays targeting the 16S rDNA sequence should be able to detect all phylotypes of the RSSC. We conclude that the increasing availability of whole genome sequences is not only useful for classification of strains, but also shows potential for selection and evaluation of clade specific nucleic acid-based amplification methods within the RSSC.

scholarly journals Current Status of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec)

Antibiotics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Yuki Uehara
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sccmec Type ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Sccmec Types ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome ◽  
Conventional Sequencing

Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing was established in the 2000s and has been employed as a tool for the molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, as well as the evolution investigation of Staphylococcus species. Molecular cloning and the conventional sequencing of SCCmec have been adopted to verify the presence and structure of a novel SCCmec type, while convenient PCR-based SCCmec identification methods have been used in practical settings for many years. In addition, whole-genome sequencing has been widely used, and various SCCmec and similar structures have been recently identified in various species. The current status of the SCCmec types, SCCmec subtypes, rules for nomenclature, and multiple methods for identifying SCCmec types and subtypes were summarized in this review, according to the perspective of the International Working Group on the Classification of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome Elements.

scholarly journals Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Pathogenomics

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Argemi ◽  
Yves Hansmann ◽  
Kevin Prola ◽  
Gilles Prévost
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Major Pathogens

Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) are skin commensal bacteria. Besides their role in maintaining homeostasis, CoNS have emerged as major pathogens in nosocomial settings. Several studies have investigated the molecular basis for this emergence and identified multiple putative virulence factors with regards to Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity. In the last decade, numerous CoNS whole-genome sequences have been released, leading to the identification of numerous putative virulence factors. Koch’s postulates and the molecular rendition of these postulates, established by Stanley Falkow in 1988, do not explain the microbial pathogenicity of CoNS. However, whole-genome sequence data has shed new light on CoNS pathogenicity. In this review, we analyzed the contribution of genomics in defining CoNS virulence, focusing on the most frequent and pathogenic CoNS species: S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, S. saprophyticus, S. capitis, and S. lugdunensis.

Taxonomic revision of Harveyi clade bacteria (family Vibrionaceae) based on analysis of whole genome sequences

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_7) ◽  
pp. 2742-2751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henryk Urbanczyk ◽  
Yoshitoshi Ogura ◽  
Tetsuya Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Genome Sequence Data ◽  
The Family

Use of inadequate methods for classification of bacteria in the so-called Harveyi clade (family Vibrionaceae, Gammaproteobacteria) has led to incorrect assignment of strains and proliferation of synonymous species. In order to resolve taxonomic ambiguities within the Harveyi clade and to test usefulness of whole genome sequence data for classification of Vibrionaceae, draft genome sequences of 12 strains were determined and analysed. The sequencing included type strains of seven species: Vibrio sagamiensis NBRC 104589T, Vibrio azureus NBRC 104587T, Vibrio harveyi NBRC 15634T, Vibrio rotiferianus LMG 21460T, Vibrio campbellii NBRC 15631T, Vibrio jasicida LMG 25398T, and Vibrio owensii LMG 25443T. Draft genome sequences of strain LMG 25430, previously designated the type strain of [Vibrio communis], and two strains (MWB 21 and 090810c) from the ‘beijerinckii’ lineage were also determined. Whole genomes of two additional strains (ATCC 25919 and 200612B) that previously could not be assigned to any Harveyi clade species were also sequenced. Analysis of the genome sequence data revealed a clear case of synonymy between V. owensii and [V. communis], confirming an earlier proposal to synonymize both species. Both strains from the ‘beijerinckii’ lineage were classified as V. jasicida, while the strains ATCC 25919 and 200612B were classified as V. owensii and V. campbellii, respectively. We also found that two strains, AND4 and Ex25, are closely related to Harveyi clade bacteria, but could not be assigned to any species of the family Vibrionaceae. The use of whole genome sequence data for the taxonomic classification of the Harveyi clade bacteria and other members of the family Vibrionaceae is also discussed.

scholarly journals Whole-genome sequence data and analysis of a Staphylococcus aureus strain SJTUF_J27 isolated from seaweed

Data in Brief ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 894-898
Author(s):  
Yanping Xie ◽  
Yiping He ◽  
Sandeep Ghatak ◽  
Peter Irwin ◽  
Xianghe Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequence Data

scholarly journals Resolution of a Meningococcal Disease Outbreak from Whole-Genome Sequence Data with Rapid Web-Based Analysis Methods

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 3046-3053 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Jolley ◽  
D. M. C. Hill ◽  
H. B. Bratcher ◽  
O. B. Harrison ◽  
I. M. Feavers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Genome Sequence Data ◽  
Analysis Methods

scholarly journals Whole genome sequence-based haplotypes reveal single origin of the sickle allele during the Holocene Wet Phase

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Shriner ◽  
Charles N. Rotimi
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Balancing Selection ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Heterozygote Advantage ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Restriction Sites

ABSTRACTFive classical designations of sickle haplotypes are based on the presence/absence of restriction sites and named after ethnic groups or geographic regions from which patients originated. Each haplotype is thought to represent an independent occurrence of the sickle mutation. We investigated the origins of the sickle mutation using whole genome sequence data. We identified 156 carriers from the 1000 Genomes Project, the African Genome Variation Project, and Qatar. We defined a new haplotypic classification using 27 polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium with rs334. Network analysis revealed a common haplotype that differed from the ancestral haplotype only by the derived sickle mutation at rs334 and correlated collectively with the Central African Republic/Bantu, Cameroon, and Arabian/Indian designations. Other haplotypes were derived from this haplotype and fell into two clusters, one comprised of haplotypes correlated with the Senegal designation and the other comprised of haplotypes correlated with both the Benin and Senegal designations. The near-exclusive presence of the original sickle haplotype in the Central African Republic, Kenya, Uganda, and South Africa is consistent with this haplotype predating the Bantu Expansion. Modeling of balancing selection indicated that the heterozygote advantage was 15.2%, an equilibrium frequency of 12.0% was reached after 87 generations, and the selective environment predated the mutation. The posterior distribution of the ancestral recombination graph yielded an age of the sickle mutation of 259 generations, corresponding to 7,300 years and the Holocene Wet Phase. These results clarify the origin of the sickle allele and improve and simplify the classification of sickle haplotypes.

TIGER: inferring DNA replication timing from whole-genome sequence data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amnon Koren ◽  
Dashiell J Massey ◽  
Alexa N Bracci
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Replication Timing ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequence Data ◽  
Dna Replication Timing

Abstract Motivation Genomic DNA replicates according to a reproducible spatiotemporal program, with some loci replicating early in S phase while others replicate late. Despite being a central cellular process, DNA replication timing studies have been limited in scale due to technical challenges. Results We present TIGER (Timing Inferred from Genome Replication), a computational approach for extracting DNA replication timing information from whole genome sequence data obtained from proliferating cell samples. The presence of replicating cells in a biological specimen leads to non-uniform representation of genomic DNA that depends on the timing of replication of different genomic loci. Replication dynamics can hence be observed in genome sequence data by analyzing DNA copy number along chromosomes while accounting for other sources of sequence coverage variation. TIGER is applicable to any species with a contiguous genome assembly and rivals the quality of experimental measurements of DNA replication timing. It provides a straightforward approach for measuring replication timing and can readily be applied at scale. Availability and Implementation TIGER is available at https://github.com/TheKorenLab/TIGER. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online

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