HOW DO HYDROLOGIC FORCING AND GEOLOGIC SETTING CONTROL RIVER CORRIDOR EXCHANGE IN A 5TH ORDER MOUNTAIN STREAM NETWORK?

Abstract. Although most field and modeling studies of river corridor exchange have been conducted at scales ranging from tens to hundreds of meters, results of these studies are used to predict their ecological and hydrological influences at the scale of river networks. Further complicating prediction, exchanges are expected to vary with hydrologic forcing and the local geomorphic setting. While we desire predictive power, we lack a complete spatiotemporal relationship relating discharge to the variation in geologic setting and hydrologic forcing that is expected across a river basin. Indeed, the conceptual model of Wondzell (2011) predicts systematic variation in river corridor exchange as a function of (1) variation in baseflow over time at a fixed location, (2) variation in discharge with location in the river network, and (3) local geomorphic setting. To test this conceptual model we conducted more than 60 solute tracer studies including a synoptic campaign in the 5th-order river network of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Oregon, USA) and replicate-in-time experiments in four watersheds. We interpret the data using a series of metrics describing river corridor exchange and solute transport, testing for consistent direction and magnitude of relationships relating these metrics to discharge and local geomorphic setting. We confirmed systematic decrease in river corridor exchange space through the river networks, from headwaters to the larger main stem. However, we did not find systematic variation with changes in discharge through time or with local geomorphic setting. While interpretation of our results is complicated by problems with the analytical methods, the results are sufficiently robust for us to conclude that space-for-time and time-for-space substitutions are not appropriate in our study system. Finally, we suggest two strategies that will improve the interpretability of tracer test results and help the hyporheic community develop robust datasets that will enable comparisons across multiple sites and/or discharge conditions.

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Spatial and temporal variation in river corridor exchange across a 5th order mountain stream network

10.5194/hess-2019-108 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adam S. Ward ◽

Steven M. Wondzell ◽

Noah M. Schmadel ◽

Skuyler Herzog ◽

Jay P. Zarnetske ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Model ◽

Tracer Test ◽

River Network ◽

Systematic Variation ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Mountain Stream ◽

River Networks ◽

Data Sets ◽

Stream Network ◽

River Corridor

Abstract. Although most field and modeling studies of river corridor exchange have been conducted a scales ranging from 10’s to 100’s of meters; results of these studies are used to predict their ecological and hydrological influences at the scale of river networks. Further complicating prediction, exchange are expected to vary with hydrologic forcing and the local geomorphic setting. While we desire predictive power, we lack a complete spatiotemporal relationship relating discharge to the variation in geologic setting and hydrologic forcing that are expected across a river basin. Indeed, Wondzell’s [2011] conceptual model predicts systematic variation in river corridor exchange as a function of (1) variation in discharge over time at a fixed location, (2) variation in discharge with location in the river network, and (3) local geomorphic setting. To test this conceptual model we conducted more than 60 solute tracer studies collected in a synoptic campaign in the 5th order river network of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Oregon, USA). We interpret the data using a series of metrics describing river corridor exchange and solute transport, testing for consistent direction and magnitude of relationships relating these metrics to discharge and local geomorphic setting. We confirmed systematic decrease in river corridor exchange space through the river networks, from headwaters to the larger mainstem. However, we did not find systematic variation with changes in discharge through time, nor with local geomorphic setting. While interpretation of our results are complicated by problems with the analytical methods, they are sufficiently robust for us to conclude that space-for-time and time-for-space substitutions are not appropriate in our study system. Finally, we suggest two strategies that will improve the interpretability of tracer test results and help the hyporheic community develop robust data sets that will enable comparisons across multiple sites and/or discharge conditions.

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Co-located contemporaneous mapping of morphological, hydrological, chemical, and biological conditions in a 5th-order mountain stream network, Oregon, USA

Earth System Science Data ◽

10.5194/essd-11-1567-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1567-1581 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Adam S. Ward ◽

Jay P. Zarnetske ◽

Viktor Baranov ◽

Phillip J. Blaen ◽

Nicolai Brekenfeld ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Network ◽

Mountain Stream ◽

Sample Design ◽

Stream Network ◽

Cascade Mountains ◽

Data Set ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Streambed Sediment ◽

River Corridor

Abstract. A comprehensive set of measurements and calculated metrics describing physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the river corridor is presented. These data were collected in a catchment-wide, synoptic campaign in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA) in summer 2016 during low-discharge conditions. Extensive characterization of 62 sites including surface water, hyporheic water, and streambed sediment was conducted spanning 1st- through 5th-order reaches in the river network. The objective of the sample design and data acquisition was to generate a novel data set to support scaling of river corridor processes across varying flows and morphologic forms present in a river network. The data are available at https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.f4484e0703f743c696c2e1f209abb842 (Ward, 2019).

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Co-located contemporaneous mapping of morphological, hydrological, chemical, and biological conditions in a 5th order mountain stream network, Oregon, USA

10.5194/essd-2019-45 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Adam S. Ward ◽

Jay P. Zarnetske ◽

Viktor Baranov ◽

Phillip J. Blaen ◽

Nicolai Brekenfeld ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Network ◽

Mountain Stream ◽

Sample Design ◽

Stream Network ◽

Cascade Mountains ◽

Data Set ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Streambed Sediment ◽

River Corridor

Abstract. A comprehensive set of measurements and calculated metrics describing physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the river corridor is presented. These data were collected in a catchment-wide, synoptic campaign in Lookout Creek within the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA) in summer 2016 during low discharge conditions. Extensive characterization of 62 sites including surface water, hyporheic water, and streambed sediment was conducted spanning 1st through 5th order reaches in the river network. The objective of the sample design and data acquisition was to generate a novel data set to support scaling of river corridor processes across varying flows and morphologic forms present in a river network. The data are available at http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/f4484e0703f743c696c2e1f209abb842 (Ward, 2019).

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Origin and Storage of Large Woody Debris in a Third-order Mountain Stream Network, Gangwon-do, Korea

Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology ◽

10.13047/kjee.2020.34.3.249 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 249-258

Author(s):

Suk Woo Kim ◽

◽

Kun Woo Chun ◽

Jung Il Seo ◽

Young Hyup Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Woody Debris ◽

Large Woody Debris ◽

Mountain Stream ◽

Stream Network ◽

Third Order ◽

And Storage

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Simulation of dynamic expansion, contraction, and connectivity in a mountain stream network

Advances in Water Resources ◽

10.1016/j.advwatres.2018.01.018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 114 ◽

pp. 64-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Adam S. Ward ◽

Noah M. Schmadel ◽

Steven M. Wondzell

Keyword(s):

Mountain Stream ◽

Stream Network

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Microbial community assembly in a multi-layer dendritic metacommunity

10.1101/2020.01.31.929562 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nathan I. Wisnoski ◽

Jay T. Lennon

Keyword(s):

Community Assembly ◽

Habitat Structure ◽

Benthic Communities ◽

Regional Scale ◽

Mountain Stream ◽

Stream Network ◽

Species Sorting ◽

Habitat Differences ◽

Benthic Sediments ◽

Fifth Order

ABSTRACTA major goal of metacommunity ecology is to infer the local- and regional-scale processes that underlie community assembly. In dendritic ecological networks (e.g., stream metacommunities), branching and directional dispersal connectivity can alter the balance between local and regional factors during assembly. However, the implications of vertical habitat structure (e.g., planktonic versus benthic sediments) in dendritic metacommunities remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the bacterial metacommunity of a fifth-order mountain stream network to assess habitat differences in the (1) dominant community assembly processes, (2) spatial scaling of community assembly processes, and (3) longitudinal variation in community assembly. Using taxonomic and phylogenetic null modeling approaches, we found habitat-specific spatial patterns of community assembly across the dendritic network. Compositional differences between planktonic and benthic communities were maintained by divergent species sorting, but stochasticity influenced assembly at local scales. Planktonic communities showed scale-dependent assembly, transitioning from convergent sorting at local scales to divergent sorting at regional scales, while sediment community assembly was less scale dependent (convergent sorting remained important across all scales). While divergent sorting structured headwaters in both habitat types, sediment communities converged in structure downstream. Taken together, our results show that vertical habitat structure regulates the scale-dependent processes of community assembly across the dendritic metacommunity.

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