scholarly journals Co-located contemporaneous mapping of morphological, hydrological, chemical, and biological conditions in a 5th order mountain stream network, Oregon, USA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Ward ◽  
Jay P. Zarnetske ◽  
Viktor Baranov ◽  
Phillip J. Blaen ◽  
Nicolai Brekenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Network ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Sample Design ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Cascade Mountains ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Streambed Sediment ◽  
River Corridor

Abstract. A comprehensive set of measurements and calculated metrics describing physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the river corridor is presented. These data were collected in a catchment-wide, synoptic campaign in Lookout Creek within the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA) in summer 2016 during low discharge conditions. Extensive characterization of 62 sites including surface water, hyporheic water, and streambed sediment was conducted spanning 1st through 5th order reaches in the river network. The objective of the sample design and data acquisition was to generate a novel data set to support scaling of river corridor processes across varying flows and morphologic forms present in a river network. The data are available at http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/f4484e0703f743c696c2e1f209abb842 (Ward, 2019).

scholarly journals Co-located contemporaneous mapping of morphological, hydrological, chemical, and biological conditions in a 5th-order mountain stream network, Oregon, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1567-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Ward ◽  
Jay P. Zarnetske ◽  
Viktor Baranov ◽  
Phillip J. Blaen ◽  
Nicolai Brekenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Network ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Sample Design ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Cascade Mountains ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Streambed Sediment ◽  
River Corridor

Abstract. A comprehensive set of measurements and calculated metrics describing physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the river corridor is presented. These data were collected in a catchment-wide, synoptic campaign in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA) in summer 2016 during low-discharge conditions. Extensive characterization of 62 sites including surface water, hyporheic water, and streambed sediment was conducted spanning 1st- through 5th-order reaches in the river network. The objective of the sample design and data acquisition was to generate a novel data set to support scaling of river corridor processes across varying flows and morphologic forms present in a river network. The data are available at https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.f4484e0703f743c696c2e1f209abb842 (Ward, 2019).

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation in river corridor exchange across a 5th-order mountain stream network

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 5199-5225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Ward ◽  
Steven M. Wondzell ◽  
Noah M. Schmadel ◽  
Skuyler Herzog ◽  
Jay P. Zarnetske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Tracer Test ◽  
River Network ◽  
Systematic Variation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
River Networks ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Geologic Setting ◽  
River Corridor

Abstract. Although most field and modeling studies of river corridor exchange have been conducted at scales ranging from tens to hundreds of meters, results of these studies are used to predict their ecological and hydrological influences at the scale of river networks. Further complicating prediction, exchanges are expected to vary with hydrologic forcing and the local geomorphic setting. While we desire predictive power, we lack a complete spatiotemporal relationship relating discharge to the variation in geologic setting and hydrologic forcing that is expected across a river basin. Indeed, the conceptual model of Wondzell (2011) predicts systematic variation in river corridor exchange as a function of (1) variation in baseflow over time at a fixed location, (2) variation in discharge with location in the river network, and (3) local geomorphic setting. To test this conceptual model we conducted more than 60 solute tracer studies including a synoptic campaign in the 5th-order river network of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Oregon, USA) and replicate-in-time experiments in four watersheds. We interpret the data using a series of metrics describing river corridor exchange and solute transport, testing for consistent direction and magnitude of relationships relating these metrics to discharge and local geomorphic setting. We confirmed systematic decrease in river corridor exchange space through the river networks, from headwaters to the larger main stem. However, we did not find systematic variation with changes in discharge through time or with local geomorphic setting. While interpretation of our results is complicated by problems with the analytical methods, the results are sufficiently robust for us to conclude that space-for-time and time-for-space substitutions are not appropriate in our study system. Finally, we suggest two strategies that will improve the interpretability of tracer test results and help the hyporheic community develop robust datasets that will enable comparisons across multiple sites and/or discharge conditions.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation in river corridor exchange across a 5th order mountain stream network

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Ward ◽  
Steven M. Wondzell ◽  
Noah M. Schmadel ◽  
Skuyler Herzog ◽  
Jay P. Zarnetske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Tracer Test ◽  
River Network ◽  
Systematic Variation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
River Networks ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
River Corridor

Abstract. Although most field and modeling studies of river corridor exchange have been conducted a scales ranging from 10’s to 100’s of meters; results of these studies are used to predict their ecological and hydrological influences at the scale of river networks. Further complicating prediction, exchange are expected to vary with hydrologic forcing and the local geomorphic setting. While we desire predictive power, we lack a complete spatiotemporal relationship relating discharge to the variation in geologic setting and hydrologic forcing that are expected across a river basin. Indeed, Wondzell’s [2011] conceptual model predicts systematic variation in river corridor exchange as a function of (1) variation in discharge over time at a fixed location, (2) variation in discharge with location in the river network, and (3) local geomorphic setting. To test this conceptual model we conducted more than 60 solute tracer studies collected in a synoptic campaign in the 5th order river network of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Oregon, USA). We interpret the data using a series of metrics describing river corridor exchange and solute transport, testing for consistent direction and magnitude of relationships relating these metrics to discharge and local geomorphic setting. We confirmed systematic decrease in river corridor exchange space through the river networks, from headwaters to the larger mainstem. However, we did not find systematic variation with changes in discharge through time, nor with local geomorphic setting. While interpretation of our results are complicated by problems with the analytical methods, they are sufficiently robust for us to conclude that space-for-time and time-for-space substitutions are not appropriate in our study system. Finally, we suggest two strategies that will improve the interpretability of tracer test results and help the hyporheic community develop robust data sets that will enable comparisons across multiple sites and/or discharge conditions.

HOW DO HYDROLOGIC FORCING AND GEOLOGIC SETTING CONTROL RIVER CORRIDOR EXCHANGE IN A 5TH ORDER MOUNTAIN STREAM NETWORK?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Ward ◽  
◽  
Skuyler Herzog ◽  
Steven M. Wondzell ◽  
Noah Schmadel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Geologic Setting ◽  
River Corridor

An inductive approach to characterize physical, chemical, and biological system interactions in a 5th order river basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Ward ◽  
Jennifer Drummond ◽  
Angang Li ◽  
Anna Lupon ◽  
Marie Kurz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Local Variance ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
River Corridor

<p>Research in the river corridor commonly focuses in two study designs. One research strategy focuses on physical, chemical, and/or biological dynamics and feedbacks, emphasizing local variation and interaction over larger-scale context. A second study design focuses on gradients arising in response to non-local controls (e.g., climate, tectonic setting), with an emphasis on broad trends over smaller-scale “noise”. Here, we present a comprehensive set of measurements and calculated metrics describing physical, chemical, and biological conditions collected at 62 sites in the river corridor within a 5<sup>th</sup> order basin including more than 150 variables at each site. The size and scope of this data set allows us to assess which variables have spatial structure in the basin using spatial semivariograms and regressions with discharge and drainage area. We ask how physical, chemical, and biological sub-systems co-vary using a principal components analyses. Next, we explain both spatial structure and local variance simultaneously using support vector machine regression techniques that reveal possible nonlinear, multivariate relationships that may direct future research. Key outcomes from this study include (1) an introduction to an open-source, comprehensive characterization of the river corridor, (2) interpretations of both broad trends and local variance in the river corridor, and (3) a summary of which metrics have the most explanatory power and why within the study system.</p>

scholarly journals Editorial for Special Issue “Historical Mineral Pigments”

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Carolina Cardell ◽  
Jose Santiago Pozo-Antonio
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Glass Enamel ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

The physical–chemical characterization of natural and synthetic historical inorganic and mineral pigments, which may be found embedded in paintings (real or mock-ups), glass, enamel, ceramics, beads, tesserae, etc., as well as their alteration under different decay scenarios, is a demanding line of investigation. This field of research is now both well established and dynamic, as revealed by the numerous publications in high-quality journals of varied scientific disciplines. [...]

Physical-Chemical Characterization of Fruit Purees and Relationship with Sensory Analysis Carried out by Infants (12 to 24 mo)

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. E1005-E1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Inarejos-García ◽  
V. Mancebo-Campos ◽  
P. Cañizares ◽  
J. Llanos
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Physical Chemical

Physical, Chemical and Pharmacological Characterization of a New Oleogel-Forming Triterpene Extract from the Outer Bark of Birch (Betulae Cortex)

Planta Medica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (15) ◽  
pp. 1389-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Laszczyk ◽  
Sebastian Jäger ◽  
Birgit Simon-Haarhaus ◽  
Armin Scheffler ◽  
Christoph Schempp
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Characterization ◽  
Outer Bark ◽  
Physical Chemical

Character selection and the quantification of morphological disparity

Paleobiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Deline ◽  
William I. Ausich
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Rarefaction Analysis ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Scientific Hypotheses

AbstractA priori choices in the detail and breadth of a study are important in addressing scientific hypotheses. In particular, choices in the number and type of characters can greatly influence the results in studies of morphological diversity. A new character suite was constructed to examine trends in the disparity of early Paleozoic crinoids. Character-based rarefaction analysis indicated that a small subset of these characters (~20% of the complete data set) could be used to capture most of the properties of the entire data set in analyses of crinoids as a whole, noncamerate crinoids, and to a lesser extent camerate crinoids. This pattern may be the result of the covariance between characters and the characterization of rare morphologies that are not represented in the primary axes in morphospace. Shifting emphasis on different body regions (oral system, calyx, periproct system, and pelma) also influenced estimates of relative disparity between subclasses of crinoids. Given these results, morphological studies should include a pilot analysis to better examine the amount and type of data needed to address specific scientific hypotheses.

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