The influence of complex compost on the aggregate composition and water and air properties of an ordinary chernozem

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 748-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Belyuchenko ◽  
D. A. Antonenko
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Aggregate Composition ◽  
Complex Compost

scholarly journals Effect of humic preparation and herbicide treatment on chernozem aggregate composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 05008
Author(s):  
Vladimir Lychman ◽  
Olga Bezuglova ◽  
Marina Dubinina ◽  
Olga Naimi ◽  
Elena Polienko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Resistance Criterion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Aggregate Composition ◽  
Structural Coefficient ◽  
Soil Carbohydrates

The influence of the humic preparation and pesticides on dynamics of soil carbohydrates and the soil structure of ordinary chernozem during the cultivation of winter wheat and chickpeas was studied. A positive trend in the growth of the structural coefficient was observed in all variants. This dynamic was confirmed statistically when a humic preparation and pesticides were used together: the difference with the control after treatment was 1.54% (2019). A decrease in the number of water-resistant units from 87.4 to 56.6% was observed on the control during the entire field experiment. There was a statistically significant increase of water-resistant aggregates by 1.9-5.4% when pesticides are applied together with a humic preparation. The growth of the aggregate water resistance criterion (API) from 6.0% to 17.2% was observed in the variant with a humic preparation. The dynamics of soil carbohydrates in all variants in 2017-2018 was insignificantly expressed. The sharp increase in the content of carbohydrates in 2019 is probably associated with a change of culture in the crop rotation link from winter wheat to chickpea. The amount of carbohydrate compounds varies from 1.13 in the control to 1.26% in the variant with the combined use of pesticides and a humic preparation.

scholarly journals Features of the structural-aggregate composition of ordinary chernozems under the steppe and forest vegetation

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
V. A. Gorban ◽  
A. O. Boloban
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Steppe Vegetation ◽  
Aggregate Composition ◽  
Common Oak ◽  
Structural Coefficient

The structural-aggregate composition is an important soil characteristic, which reflects the features of the genesis, condition and regimes of soils. The structural and aggregate composition of ordinary chernozems under zonal steppe vegetation and under artificial forest plantations from white acacia and common oak in the conditions of the Prisamaría was studied. As a result, it was found that in all the studied soils the greatest content falls on the fraction 2–1 mm in size. In ordinary chernozems in the upper horizons, under the stands of white acacia and common oak, an increase in the content of this agronomically valuable fraction is observed. Also in ordinary chernozem under forest stands, an increase in the value of the structural coefficient is observed compared with ordinary chernozem under steppe vegetation. In ordinary chernozem the most favorable effect of the growth of white acacia was found in horizon H, and the growth of ordinary oak in horizon H2, in which the highest values ​​of the structural coefficient were found. In the studied ordinary chernozems under the steppe and forest vegetation a predominance of the water-resistant fraction of size <0.25 mm is observed. The positive effect of white acacia and common oak plantations on the water resistance of aggregates of common chernozem in the upper horizons is manifested in a decrease in the content of the fraction of size <0.25 mm compared to ordinary chernozem. In ordinary chernozems under steppe vegetation the most favorable conditions for the formation of agronomically valuable fractions during dry sieving are characteristic of the lower horizons and for chernozems under forest stands in the upper horizons. In all the studied soils the highest content of agronomically valuable fractions during wet sieving was found in the upper horizons, but there are more of them in chernozems under forest stands. The highest content of agronomically valuable fractions in all studied soils is observed in the lower horizons and their highest content in the upper horizons is found in ordinary chernozems under the steppe vegetation. The highest values ​​of the water resistance criterion are characteristic of the lower horizons of the studied chernozems. The maximum values ​​of this criterion were found in ordinary chernozem under oak plantation, and the smallest – under acacia plantation. The growth of forest plantations on ordinary chernozems leads to an improvement in their structural-aggregate composition.

scholarly journals Wind resistance of southern carbonate and ordinary сhernozems in agroforest landscapes of the steppe zone of Russia

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
T. V. Voloshenkova ◽  
V. K. Dridiger ◽  
R. F. Epifanova ◽  
A. A. Kalashnikova ◽  
A. A. Ogandzhanyan
Keyword(s):  
Total Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Wind Resistance ◽  
Southern Chernozem ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Aggregate Composition

Relevance. The rate of destruction of chernozems in the steppe zone as a result of deflation is very high. There is a threat of their loss of the humus horizon. To optimize the complex of protective measures, it is necessary to establish the regularities of the formation of wind resistance of these soils.Methods. The seasonal dynamics of the structure of the upper layer (0–5 cm) of chernozems of the steppe zone of the Lower Volga region and the Central Pre-Caucasus in the network of forest belts is studied. The aggregate composition was determined by fractionation of an air dry sample. The wind resistance of the soil was assessed by the total content of particles with a diameter of less than 1 mm.Results. It has been established that the open surface of southern carbonate chernozems is deflationary dangerous at any time of the year. Two spraying peaks were revealed — in early spring and before harvesting grain crops. In the first period, the content of particles with a diameter of less than 1 mm was 33–47%, in the second — 60–61%. Shelter forest belts reduced soil spraying in the zone of effective influence. A change in the internal structure of the deflationally dangerous fraction was detected during the year. The disintegration of large aggregates and an increase in the volume of smaller ones were observed. By the harvesting period, the number of particles with a diameter of 0.5–1.0 mm decreased by 1.7–2.6 times compared to the spring. Number of aggregates with a diameter of 0.1–0.5 mm, most strongly blown by the wind, increased by 1.3–1.8 times. The total dispersion of ordinary chernozem is almost two times lower than that of southern chernozem. However, the amount of particles with a diameter of 0.1–0.5 mm in the deflationary dangerous fraction of southern carbonate chernozem in the spring period is 37%, during the harvesting period — 50–56%. And in ordinary chernozem, already since the spring, there are more than 55% of such particles, in the future their number increases to 60%. As a result, by the harvesting period, the danger of a fraction with a diameter of less than 1 mm becomes the same for both subtypes of chernozems. This requires adjusting the complex of protective measures.

scholarly journals The effect of humic substances on winter wheat yield and fertility of ordinary chernozem

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.S. Bezuglova ◽  
E.A. Polienko ◽  
A.V. Gorovtsov ◽  
V.A. Lyhman ◽  
P.D. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

FORMATION OF MATERIAL AND ENERGY COSTS IN THE GRAIN-TILLAGE LINK OF CROP ROTATION DURING PLOWING, SURFACE AND ZERO (CHEMICAL) PROCESSING OF ORDINARY CHERNOZEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
V.S. Polous ◽  
◽  
S.N. Osaulenko ◽  
L.O. Prokopova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
No Till ◽  
Material Energy ◽  
Rota Tion

The purpose of the research was to determine the material, energy and other indicators for the cul-tivation of crops of the crop rotation link using fertilizers, pesticides and effective growth stimu-lators for different-depth basic soil treatment. It was found that the crops of the grain-tillage rota-tion link, which were cultivated by plowing to a depth of 22-24 cm (control), surface treatment to a depth of 6-8 cm and zero (chemical) treatment significantly changed their productivity, and also formed various production, and therefore energy costs. The yield of oilseed flax was 1.70 t / ha, winter wheat-6.23 t / ha, mogar grain of crop sowing-0.49 t / ha, mogar hay-1.74 t / ha, peas-3.86 t/ha. The yield of these crops obtained using the no-till technology was, respectively, at 12- 3- 0 – 4 the percentage is lower than in the control. The largest net income (64090 rubles / ha), the amount of additional energy (220998 Mj) and the energy efficiency coefficient (3.5) were formed during surface tillage for crops of the crop rotation link, including due to the mogar of crop sow-ing, respectively 3370 rubles/ha and 243208 Mj. Cultivation of 4 field crops in 3 agricultural years significantly increases the economic and bioenergetic efficiency of production and can be applied in other regions.

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