Patterns of Phenetic Diversity and Taxonomy of the Common Rudd Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) from the Water Bodies of Russia and Adjacent Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-527
Author(s):  
A. V. Kozhara ◽  
A. S. Mavrin ◽  
A. N. Mironovsky
Keyword(s):  
Water Bodies ◽  
Scardinius Erythrophthalmus ◽  
Phenetic Diversity ◽  
The Common

Some Aspects of Radioecological Monitoring of High Aquatic Plants From Water-Bodies Within the Chernobyl Accident Exclusion Zone

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie L. Shevtsova ◽  
Dmitriy I. Gudkov ◽  
Andrian A. Yavnyuk
Keyword(s):  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Level

The impact analysis of low doses of ionizing radiation on the breathers in natural populations is an important part of radiobiological studies of non-human biota. The main aim of our studies was to investigate some cytogenetic, morphological and reproductive rates of the common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex. Steud.) from different water bodies within the Chernobyl accident exclusion zone. The absorbed dose rate for littoral emergent plants in sampling water bodies was varied from 1.3E−02 to 1.6E−01 Gy/h. The rate and main types of chromosome aberrations in roots meristems, morphological damages in seed germs, as well as rates of germinating ability and power were analyzed. There were registered rather low rate of germinating ability (14–48%) and germinating power (<1) of seeds from all sampling water bodies with high levels of radioactive contamination in comparison to control ones. Against the general suppressed background the effect of relative stimulation of more affected seeds was observed. With increase of absorbed dose in range of 1.3E−02–1.6E−01 Gy/h the number of germinated seeds was increased. At the same time the number of morphological damages of seeds was increased as well. There was determined the positive correlation between absorbed dose rate and chromosome aberration rate in roots of the common reed from sampling water bodies. The highest rate of chromosome aberrations (up to 17%) were registered in plants with high level of morphological deviations in seeds germs. The data obtained from the complex analysis of natural populations of the common reed from the radioactive contaminated water bodies testify about rather high level of genetic efficiency of low doses of long-term exposure.

Habitat use of the common spadefoot toad (Pelobates fuscus) in Estonia

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riinu Rannap ◽  
Maris Markus ◽  
Tanel Kaart
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Spadefoot Toad ◽  
Pelobates Fuscus ◽  
The Common

Habitat loss and degradation are the most obvious and acute factors which influence amphibian decline. Fortunately, however, habitat deterioration is potentially reversible. Recognizing the factors critical for the species is therefore essential for successful habitat restoration and maintenance. In this study we explored the habitat requirements of the common spadefoot toad (Pelobates fuscus), a severely declining species in Europe. The toad is considered a typical representative of herpetofauna in open agricultural landscapes but at its northern and western range edge the species occurs also in forested areas. So far, studies on the habitat requirements of the common spadefoot toad have only focused on agricultural areas and the significance of forest habitats has remained indistinct. In order to determine the habitat characteristics vital for the species as well as the function of forests as possible sink or source habitats, we explored 34 water bodies and their surroundings comparatively in forested and open landscapes in Estonia. Our study demonstrated that land cover type did not influence the presence of the species – the limiting habitat factors were related to soil type and quality of the reproduction site only. Respectively, the species preferred large fish free sun exposed water bodies in areas with sandy soil. In our study sites such conditions were best met in old growth coniferous forest areas. Thus we suggest that these types of forests holding viable populations of the common spadefoot toad should be protected with large scale clear cuttings as well as altering of hydrology avoided.

scholarly journals Metal effects on histological and biochemical parameters of common rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elenka Georgieva ◽  
Stela Stoyanova ◽  
Iliana Velcheva ◽  
Tonka Vasileva ◽  
Veselin Bivolarski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Fatty Degeneration ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Fish Liver ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Scardinius Erythrophthalmus ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
The Common

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the current contamination status of Topolnitsa Reservoir, which is located in a region with intensive copper mining. The reservoir has been continually contaminated with metals over the last few decades. As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations were measured in surface water samples and in the liver of common rudd, Scardinius erythrophthalmus (L.), in three different seasons: spring, summer, and autumn. The morphological structure of the fish liver was examined and the hepatic LDH, ALAT, and ASAT activities were measured. In general, metal concentrations in the water varied, but As and Cu were present in all three seasons at levels higher than the maximum permissible levels set by law. The metal concentrations in the fish liver were significantly higher than in the water. Histological alterations were classified as degenerative changes (granular, vacuolar, hydropic, and fatty degeneration), necrotic changes (necrobiosis) - karyopyknosis, karryorehsis, and karyolyzis, and necrosis)); and changes in blood vessels (hyperemia in sinusoids and major blood vessels). Higher LDH, ALAT, and ASAT activities in fish livers were measured in comparison to reference fish. In addition, the ALAT activity in the livers of S. erythrophthalmus from Topolnitsa Reservoir was significantly higher in the summer. Overall, it can be concluded that the metal-contaminated waters of Topolnitsa Reservoir lead to negative changes in the common rudd tissues at the cellular level including impaired structure and enhanced enzymatic activity in the fish liver.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF METHODS OF STATE MONITORING OF WATER BODIES FOR PARASITOLOGICAL INDICES

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-442
Author(s):  
K. Yu. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Group Classification ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Common

In an article there are discussed flaws in the formation of statistical parasitological indices in systems of socio-hygienic and hydrobiological monitoring. There is considered the relevance of free-living protozoa Amoebae accounting group, classification of the hazard and the role in the development of the water caused infectious morbidity of the population. There is presented an analytical factorization of the state of surface waters and there are considered the local values of parasitic contamination. Summary statistical reports of federal institutions - participants of the state monitoring of water bodies were established to be formed within the framework of closely specified indices and not be incorporated in the common accounting database. There are provided recommendations on the organization of a comprehensive evaluation of the biological safety of water sources.

Diverse taxa of zooplankton inhabit hypoxic waters during both day and night in a temperate eutrophic lake

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Nolan ◽  
Stephen M Bollens ◽  
Gretchen Rollwagen-Bollens
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Diel Vertical Migration ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract As the frequency and intensity of hypoxic events increase in both fresh and marine waters, understanding the ecological effects of hypoxia becomes more important. The extant literature reports varying effects of hypolimnetic hypoxia on the vertical distribution and diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton, with some but not all taxa reported to avoid hypoxic waters. We studied the vertical distribution and DVM of diverse zooplankton taxa throughout three seasons over 2 years (2014 and 2015) in Lacamas Lake, WA, USA. We observed hypoxia (<2 mg L−1 dissolved oxygen) in the hypolimnion of Lacamas Lake during five of six sampling periods, with zooplankton populations often exhibiting ‘h-metric’ values (defined as the proportion of a zooplankton population residing within hypoxic waters) ranged from 0.14 to 1.00, with an overall mean of h = 0.66. Moreover, we observed a lack of DVM in most zooplankton taxa on most occasions. Our findings indicate both community-level and taxon-specific zooplankton tolerances to hypoxia, although the exact mechanisms at play remain to be fully elucidated. Nevertheless, the common residency in hypoxic waters and the lack of DVM by diverse zooplankton taxa that we observed likely have implications for food web dynamics in Lacamas Lake and other water bodies.

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