The effect of particle size on the reactivity of active sodium carbonate towards sulfur dioxide

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 3419-3424
Author(s):  
Karel Mocek ◽  
Erich Lippert ◽  
Dušan Husek ◽  
Emerich Erdös
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Controlling Factor ◽  
Active Sodium ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Integral Reactor

The effect of particle size (0.33-1.0 mm) of the sodium carbonate on the reactivity of the active sodium carbonate prepared therefrom towards the sulfur dioxide was studied in a fixedbed integral reactor at a temperature of 150 °C. The found dependence of the reaction rate on the particle size exhibits an unexpected course; at sizes of about 0.65 mm, a distinct minimum appears. The reaction rate decreases approximately ten times in the first branch of this dependence. The controlling factor of the reactivity of sodium carbonate, however, remains to be the method of preparing the active form.

Kinetics of the Reaction Between Solid Active Sodium Carbonate of the Second Generation and the Gaseous Sulfur Dioxide

1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1141-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Květoslava Stejskalová ◽  
Zdeněk Bastl ◽  
Karel Mocek
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Active Sodium ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gaseous Sulfur

The results are presented of a detailed experimental kinetic study of the heterogeneous reaction between gaseous sulfur dioxide and the solid active sodium carbonate of the second generation which has been prepared by a controlled thermal dehydration of higher hydrates of the sodium carbonate. The measurements have been carried out in an all-glass kinetic apparatus with an integral fixed-bed reactor. The reaction course was studied in dependence on genesis and nature of the active sodium carbonate, on temperature and on composition of the gas phase. The reaction rate is significantly affected by presence of the water vapour which acts as a gaseous catalyst. Experimental data have been treated by using the model proposed by Erdos (Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 32, 1653 (1967), and the values of the effective reaction rate constants have been computed. The kinetic study of active sodium carbonate of the second generation has been completed by the determination of microstructure (SEM) of solid samples before and after reaction, and by determining the solid surface composition before and after reaction by means of electronic spectra (ESCA).

The Reactivity of Different Active Forms of Sodium Carbonate with Respect to Sulfur Dioxide

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2302-2308
Author(s):  
Karel Mocek ◽  
Erich Lippert ◽  
Emerich Erdös
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Active Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of the reaction of solid sodium carbonate with sulfur dioxide depends on the microstructure of the solid, which in turn is affected by the way and conditions of its preparation. The active form, analogous to that obtained by thermal decomposition of NaHCO3, emerges from the dehydration of Na2CO3 . 10 H2O in a vacuum or its weathering in air at room temperature. The two active forms are porous and have approximately the same specific surface area. Partial hydration of the active Na2CO3 in air at room temperature followed by thermal dehydration does not bring about a significant decrease in reactivity. On the other hand, if the preparation of anhydrous Na2CO3 involves, partly or completely, the liquid phase, the reactivity of the product is substantially lower.

scholarly journals Effect of Particle Size of the Activated Carbon Pellets on the Rate of Sulfur Dioxide Oxidationt

1972 ◽  
pp. 1052-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iseko SUGIYAMA ◽  
Kunitaro KAWAZOE ◽  
Kyoko YAMAMOTO ◽  
Michiharu SEKI
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Carbon Pellets

The H2-D2 exchange reaction catalyzed by gold nanoparticles supported on γ-Al2O3: Effect of particle size on the reaction rate

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 105840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny V. Abkhalimov ◽  
Olga A. Boeva ◽  
Alexandr A. Odintzov ◽  
Roman D. Solovov ◽  
Ksenia N. Zhavoronkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Exchange Reaction ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size

Effect of particle size on erosion measurements and predictions in annular flow for an elbow

Wear ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 203579
Author(s):  
G. Haider ◽  
M. Othayq ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
R.E. Vieira ◽  
S.A. Shirazi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Annular Flow ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size

The Effect of Particle Size and Phospholipid on Growth and Fat Utilization of the Baby Pig

1951 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Sheffy ◽  
Carlos Acevedo Gallegos ◽  
R. H. Grummer ◽  
P. H. Phillips ◽  
G. Bohstedt
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fat Utilization ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size

Chemical Transformation of Fe, Air & Water to Ammonia: Variation of Reaction Rate with Temperature, Pressure, Alkalinity and Iron

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Peng ◽  
Fang-Fang Li ◽  
Xinye Liu ◽  
Jiawen Ren ◽  
jessica stuart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Iron Particle ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
Ammonia Production ◽  
Pure Nitrogen ◽  
Alkaline Reaction

The rate of ammonia production by the <u>chemical </u>oxidation of iron, N<sub>2</sub>(from air or as pure nitrogen) and water is studied as a function of (1) iron particle size, (2) iron concentration, (3) temperature, (4) pressureand (5) concentration of the alkaline reaction medium. The reaction meduium consists of an aqueous solution of equal molal concentrations of NaOH and KOH (Na<sub>0.5</sub>K<sub>0.5</sub>OH). We had previously reported on the <u>chemical </u>reaction of iron and nitrogen in alkaline medium to ammonia as an intermediate step in the <u>electrochemical </u>synthesis of ammonia by a nano-sized iron oxide electrocatlyst. Here, the intermediate <u>chemical </u>reaction step is exclusively explored. The ammonia production rate increases with temperature (from 20 to 250°C), pressure (from 1 atm to 15 atm of air or N<sub>2</sub>), and exhibits a maximum rate at an electrolyte concentration of 8 molal Na<sub>0,5</sub>K<sub>0,5</sub>OH in a sealed N<sub>2</sub>reactor. 1-3 µm particle size Fe drive the highest observed ammonia production reaction rate. The Fe mass normalized rate of ammonia production increases with decreasing added mass of the Fe reactant reaching a maximum observed rate of 2.2x10<sup>-4</sup>mole of NH<sub>3</sub>h<sup>-1</sup>g<sup>-1</sup>for the reaction of 0.1 g of 1-3 µm Fe in 200°C 8 molal Na<sub>0.5</sub>K<sub>0.5</sub>OH at 15 atm. Under these conditions 5.1 wt% of the iron reacts to form NH<sub>3</sub>via the reaction N<sub>2</sub>+ 2Fe + 3H<sub>2</sub>O ®2NH<sub>3</sub>+ Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.

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