G327(P) Neurological outcomes of pneumococcal meningitis before and after the introduction of the pneumococcal vaccination

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A134-A135
Author(s):  
A. Murphy ◽  
A. Riordan ◽  
R. Appleton
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Serotypes and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from nasopharynges of children infected with HIV in Jakarta, Indonesia, pre- and post-pneumococcal vaccination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Muktiarti ◽  
Miftahuddin Majid Khoeri ◽  
Wisnu Tafroji ◽  
Lia Waslia ◽  
Dodi Safari
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Type Strains

The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the serotypes and antibiotic susceptibility of S. pneumoniae carried by children infected with HIV before and after vaccination with the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2013. We collected nasopharyngeal swab specimens from 52 children pre-vaccination and 6 months post-vaccination. Serotyping was performed by conventional multiplex polymerase chain reaction and Quellung reaction. The antibiotic susceptibility profile was obtained by disc diffusion. We determined that 27 (52%) and 24 (46%) of the 52 children carried S. pneumoniae during pre- and post-vaccination periods, respectively with the majority of the isolates being non-vaccine type strains (85% pre-vaccination and 75% post-vaccination). Serotypes 34, 6C, and 16F (two strains each) were the most commonly identified serotypes at pre-vaccination. Serotypes 23A (three strains) and 19F (two strains) were the most commonly identified serotypes post-vaccination. In general, isolates were most commonly susceptible to chloramphenicol (88%) and clindamycin (88%), followed by erythromycin (84%), trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (69%), tetracycline (61%), and penicillin (59%). In conclusion, serotypes of S. pneumoniae isolated from the nasopharynges of children infected with HIV varied and were more likely to be non-vaccine type strains both before and after vaccination.

Craniotomy for Fenestration of Multiloculated Hydrocephalus in Pediatric Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Sandberg ◽  
J. Gordon McComb ◽  
Mark D. Krieger
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Ventricular Catheter ◽  
Shunt System ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Multiloculated Hydrocephalus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Ventricular Catheters

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess the treatment of progressive multiloculated hydrocephalus by craniotomy for microsurgical fenestration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compartments to minimize the number of ventricular catheters. METHODS: We studied 33 pediatric patients who underwent craniotomies for fenestration of progressive multiloculated hydrocephalus between 1989 and 2003. In 20 of 33 patients, hydrocephalus was attributed to intraventricular hemorrhage associated with prematurity. Twenty-three of 33 patients had previous central nervous system infections. Craniotomy was typically performed via a posterior parietal approach. Communication between bilateral supratentorial loculated compartments and posterior fossa compartments was achieved. Surgical and neurological outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: Fenestration of loculated CSF spaces was performed successfully in all patients. No new neurological deficits were noted after surgery, and no patients required intraoperative blood transfusions. CSF infections within 3 months after surgery occurred in 4 of 33 patients. Over a median follow-up period of 3.7 years (range, 1.5 mo to 8.7 yr), 19 of 33 patients required additional fenestration procedures. The number of repeat fenestration procedures ranged from one to six, and a total of 47 additional fenestrations were performed in these 19 patients. The majority of patients (n = 25) ultimately required shunt systems with only one ventricular catheter. The neurological status of these patients was extremely poor both before and after surgery. Twenty-nine of 33 patients were severely delayed, and four were mildly delayed. CONCLUSION: Fenestration of multiloculated CSF compartments can enable most patients to function with a single ventricular catheter shunt system. Neurological status remains poor in this patient population.

Antibody Activity before and after Pneumococcal Vaccination of Otitis-prone and Non-otitis-prone Children

1986 ◽  
Vol 101 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olof Kalm ◽  
Karin Prellner ◽  
Anders Freud ◽  
Briotta Rynnel-Dagöö
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Antibody Activity ◽  
Before And After

Neurological Outcomes after Carotid Stenting Protected with the NeuroShield Filter Compared to Unprotected Stenting

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaira Macdonald ◽  
Fiona McKevitt ◽  
Graham S. Venables ◽  
Trevor J. Cleveland ◽  
Peter A. Gaines
Keyword(s):  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Carotid Stenting ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Protected Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Carotid Stenoses ◽  
Stroke Death

Purpose: To compare outcomes for two nonrandomized cohorts of patients with high-grade carotid disease who underwent either unprotected carotid stenting or stent implantation protected by the NeuroShield filter. Methods: Under this protocol, symptomatic patients with carotid stenoses >70% or asymptomatic patients with bilateral carotid stenoses who were being evaluated for coronary artery bypass grafting were eligible for carotid stenting. Between December 1998 and November 2001, 75 consecutive patients (57 men; median age 67 years range 45–85) underwent carotid stenting without cerebral protection; concurrently, 75 carotid stent procedures protected with the NeuroShield filter were performed in 73 patients (51 men; median age 66 years, range 47–83). A neurologist reviewed all patients before and after treatment. The groups were comparable for age, sex, and symptoms, but the protected group had a higher proportion of postsurgical restenoses (14.7% versus 1.3%; p=0.003). Outcome measures included death and neurological events at 24 hours and 30 days. Results: There were minor technical difficulties in 12 of the protected group, but none were clinically relevant. The procedural all-stroke/death rates in the unprotected versus protected groups, respectively, were 5.3% (4/75) and 2.7% (2/75; p=0.681), while the disabling stroke/death rates were 4% (3/75) and 1.3% (1/75; p=0.620). At 30 days, the all-stroke/death rates were 10.7% (8/75) in the unprotected group and 4.0% (3/75) in the protected group (p=0.117); the death/major-disability-from-stroke rates were 6.7% (5/75) and 2.7% (2/75), respectively (p=0.442). Conclusions: Filter-related complications are well tolerated. Neuroprotection devices have the potential to reduce the procedural neurological event rate. Larger series and/or randomized trials are required for further evaluation.

scholarly journals Geographical Differences and the National Meeting Effect in Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests: A JCS–ReSS Study Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5130
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Yumoto ◽  
Hiromichi Naito ◽  
Takashi Yorifuji ◽  
Yoshio Tahara ◽  
Naohiro Yonemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
National Meeting ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

The “national meeting effect” refers to worse patient outcomes when medical professionals attend academic meetings and hospitals have reduced staffing. The aim of this study was to examine differences in outcomes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) admitted during, before, and after meeting days according to meeting location and considering regional variation of outcomes, which has not been investigated in previous studies. Using data from a nationwide, prospective, population-based, observational study in Japan, we analyzed adult OHCA patients who underwent resuscitation attempts between 2011 and 2015. Favorable one-month neurological outcomes were compared among patients admitted during the relevant annual meeting dates of three national scientific societies, those admitted on identical days the week before, and those one week after the meeting dates. We developed a multivariate logistic regression model after adjusting for confounding factors, including meeting location and regional variation (better vs. worse outcome areas), using the “during meeting days” group as the reference. A total of 40,849 patients were included in the study, with 14,490, 13,518, and 12,841 patients hospitalized during, before, and after meeting days, respectively. The rates of favorable neurological outcomes during, before, and after meeting days was 1.7, 1.6, and 1.8%, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, favorable neurological outcomes did not differ among the three groups (adjusted OR (95% CI) of the before and after meeting dates groups was 1.03 (0.83–1.28) and 1.01 (0.81–1.26), respectively. The “national meeting effect” did not exist in OHCA patients in Japan, even after comparing data during, before, and after meeting dates and considering meeting location and regional variation.

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