Developmental trajectories in children with prolonged NICU stays

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dibya Subedi ◽  
Mark D DeBoer ◽  
Rebecca J Scharf
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Math Scores ◽  
Reading And Math ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between prolonged neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay after birth and childhood neurodevelopmental measures from age 9 months to kindergarten.DesignLongitudinal birth cohort study.Setting and patientsThis study examined a nationally representative sample of 10 700 participants from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Sample—Birth Cohort and selected those who had a NICU stay (n=2100). These children were followed from birth to kindergarten.PredictorsDays in the NICU.Main outcome measuresChildhood neurodevelopmental and early academic scores.ResultsIncreasing length of stay in the NICU had a significant negative relationship with the 9-month and 24-month Bayley mental and motor scores. Each additional week in the NICU increased the odds of scoring in the lowest 10% on the Bayley 9-month mental (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.034 to 1.122) and motor (OR 1.11, CI 1.065 to 1.165) assessments and 24-month mental (OR 1.09, CI 1.041 to 1.144) and motor assessments (OR 1.07 CI 1.017 to 1.123). Gestational age was not significantly related with these measures in our model. Increasing socioeconomic status had a significant positive relationship with preschool and kindergarten reading and math scores and a lower odds of scoring in the lowest 10% in these measures.ConclusionIncreasing length of NICU stay was predictive of decreased child development measures in early childhood (9 and 24 months), while socioeconomic status was a better predictor at later assessments (preschool and kindergarten entries). Gestational category did not account for these differences. These data may have implications for counselling parents regarding potential neurodevelopmental consequences following NICU stay.

The Queensland Birth Cohort Study for Early Childhood Caries: Results at 7 Years

2020 ◽  
pp. 238008442098188
Author(s):  
L. Harrison-Barry ◽  
K. Elsworthy ◽  
M. Pukallus ◽  
S.J. Leishman ◽  
H. Boocock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Childhood Caries

Aims: This study investigated caries predictors in 378 children remaining from a birth cohort of 1,052 at 7 y and compared the efficacy of home visits (HVs) and telephone contacts (TCs) for early childhood caries (ECC) prevention. Methods: The HVs or TCs were made at ages 6, 12, 18, 30, and 42 mo with annual dental clinic examinations at ages 2 to 7 y. At every visit, the parents completed validated questionnaires regarding the children’s family, medical, dental, and dietary histories. Results: The caries prevalence increased from 2% and 6% at ages 2 and 3 y to 15%, 33%, 42%, and 52% at ages 4 to 7 y. The mean caries experience (decayed, missing, and teeth extracted due to caries) of the total cohort increased from 0.1 ± 0.5 at age 2 y to 0.2 ± 1.1 at 3 y, 0.5 ± 1.6 at 4 y, 1.1 ± 2.4 at 5 y, 1.6 ± 2.6 at 6 y, and 2.0 ± 2.7 at 7 y. The prevalence of mutans streptococci (MS) in the total cohort at years 2 to 7 was 22%, 36%, 42%, 42%, 39%, and 44%, respectively. MS was strongly correlated with caries prevalence for all years (all P < 0.001). Statistical modeling employing the generalized estimating equations identified caries predictors as holding a Health Care Card (low socioeconomic status) ( P = 0.009; odds ratio [OR] = 2.05; confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–3.52), developmental defects of enamel (DDEs) ( P < 0.001; OR = 1.09; CI: 1.05–1.14), and MS counts ≤105/mL ( P = 0.001; OR = 1.63; CI: 1.24–2.14). By contrast, HVs were more protective than TCs for caries ( P = 0.008; OR = 0.42; CI: 0.22–0.80). Conclusions: This study provides prospective, clinical evidence that MS, DDEs, and low socioeconomic status are strongly correlated with early childhood caries and that HVs are more efficacious than TCs in ECC prevention. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This 7-y birth cohort study provides longitudinal clinical evidence that mutans streptococci, developmental defects of enamel, and low socioeconomic status are key risk indicators of early childhood caries.

The link between sleep problems in infancy and early childhood and attention problems at 5 and 14years: Evidence from a birth cohort study

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances V. O'Callaghan ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Michael O'Callaghan ◽  
Alexandra Clavarino ◽  
Gail M. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

Staphylococcus aureus sensitization and allergic disease in early childhood: Population-based birth cohort study

2007 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 930-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Semic-Jusufagic ◽  
Claus Bachert ◽  
Philippe Gevaert ◽  
Gabriele Holtappels ◽  
Lesley Lowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Childhood Population

scholarly journals Early life and socio-economic determinants of dietary trajectories in infancy and early childhood – results from the HSHK birth cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendar Manohar ◽  
Andrew Hayen ◽  
Loc Do ◽  
Jane Scott ◽  
Sameer Bhole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

Abstract Background Early childhood is a period when dietary behaviours are established. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal intake of core and discretionary foods and identify early life and socio-economic factors influencing those intakes. Methods Mother-infant dyads (n = 934) from the Healthy Smiles Healthy Kids study, an ongoing birth cohort study, were interviewed. The information on ‘weekly frequency of core and discretionary foods intake’ using a food frequency questionnaire was collected at 4 months, 8 months, 1 year, 2 years and 3 years age points. Group-based trajectory modelling analyses were performed to identify diet trajectories for ‘core’ and ‘discretionary’ foods respectively. A multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify the maternal and child-related predictors of resulting trajectories. Results The intake of core and discretionary foods each showed distinct quadratic (n = 3) trajectories with age. Overall, core foods intake increased rapidly in the first year of life, followed by a decline after age two, whereas discretionary foods intake increased steadily across the five age points. Multiparity (Relative Risk (RR): 0.46, 95%CI: 0.27–0.77), non-English speaking ethnicity of mother (RR: 0.66, 95%CI: 0.47–0.91) and having a single mother (RR: 0.40, 95%CI: 0.18–0.85) were associated with low trajectories of core foods intake whereas older maternal age (RR: 1.05, 95%CI: 1.01–1.08) and longer breastfeeding duration (RR: 1.02, 95%CI: 1.00–1.03) were associated with higher trajectories of core foods intake. Also, multiparity (RR 2.63, 95%CI: 1.47–4.70), low maternal education (RR 3.01, 95%CI: 1.61–5.65), and socio-economic disadvantage (RR 2.69, 95%CI: 1.31–5.55) were associated with high trajectories of discretionary foods intake. Conversely, longer duration of breastfeeding (RR 0.99, 95%CI: 0.97–0.99), and timely introduction of complementary foods (RR 0.30, 95%CI: 0.15–0.61) had a protective effect against high discretionary foods consumption in infancy and early childhood. Conclusion Children’s frequency of discretionary foods intake increases markedly as they transition from infancy to preschool age, and the trajectories of intake established during early childhood are strongly influenced by socio-demographic factors and infant feeding choices. Hence, there is a need for targeted strategies to improve nutrition in early childhood and ultimately prevent the incidence of chronic diseases in children.

Identifying predictors of early childhood caries among Australian children using sequential modelling: Findings from the VicGen birth cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 103276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Gussy ◽  
George Mnatzaganian ◽  
Stuart Dashper ◽  
Lauren Carpenter ◽  
Hanny Calache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Childhood Caries

scholarly journals 4264 Early Childhood and Prepubertal Overweight and Obesity are Associated with Earlier Pubertal Onset in Boys and Girls: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
Li-Kuang Chen ◽  
Guoying Wang ◽  
Wendy Bennett ◽  
Xiaobin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Early Puberty ◽  
Puberty Onset ◽  
Weight Trajectories ◽  
Prospective Birth Cohort

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: It is hypothesized that the global secular trend toward earlier puberty onset, with implications for many future health outcomes, is related to the obesity epidemic. This study aims to examine prospective associations between weight during specific developmental windows and timing of puberty onset. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This study includes 1,296 mother-infant dyads from the Boston Birth Cohort, a predominantly minority (>80% black/Hispanic), low-income, and urban prospective birth cohort recruited and followed between 1998 and 2019. Age at peak height velocity (APHV), a well-defined and standardized proxy for puberty onset, is derived by fitting height measurements recorded during clinical visits using a mixed effects growth curve model. Multiple linear regression is performed to examine the relationships between early childhood (ages 2-5y) and prepubertal (ages 6-9y) overweight and obesity, weight trajectories between these two periods, and APHV, while controlling for known contributors to early puberty. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Compared to counterparts with normal BMIs, kids who were obese during ages 2-5y (boys: −0.21y, CI[−0.39, −0.04]; girls: −0.22y, CI[−0.39, −0.05]) or ages 6-9y (boys: −0.27y, CI[−0.43, −0.11]; girls: −0.37y, CI[−0.52, −0.23]) had an earlier APHV. Being overweight during ages 6-9y was also associated an earlier APHV (boys: −0.26y, CI[−0.46, −0.07]; girls: −0.26y, CI[−0.42, −0.10]). Looking at weight trajectories, kids who were persistently overweight or obese from ages 2-5y to ages 6-9y had an earlier APHV (boys: −0.28y, CI[−0.45, −0.12]; girls: −0.31y, CI[−0.46, −0.16]), as did girls with normal BMIs during ages 2-5y and who were overweight or obese during ages 6-9y (−0.45y CI[−0.64, −0.26]). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The temporal and dose-response relationships seen in this historically understudied population suggests that childhood obesity is etiologically important in the development, and even programming, of early puberty. This has implications for prediction, prevention, and mitigation of health disparities.

The Bannatyne Recategorization Assessment Procedure: Is it Valid for Individual Diagnosis of LD Children?

1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Dundon ◽  
Trevor E. Sewell ◽  
John L. Manni ◽  
David Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Diagnostic Utility ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Math Scores ◽  
Reading And Math

The WISC-R subtest scores of 159 black LD children of low socioeconomic status were recategorized into Spatial (Sp), Conceptual (C), and Sequential (Sq) scales as recommended by Bannatyne (1974). As a group, the sample displayed the classic Sp > C > Sq pattern. However, only 18 of the subjects (11.3%) were identified in accordance with the requirement that the differences between categories be statistically reliable for each individual. This subgroup was matched with LD controls not demonstrating the Bannatyne pattern. Analyses of longitudinal reading and math scores revealed no differences between groups. It was concluded that the diagnostic utility of the Bannatyne pattern is questionable.

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