Identification of imaging features that determine quality and repeatability of retinal capillary plexus density measurements in OCT angiography

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beau J Fenner ◽  
Gavin S W Tan ◽  
Anna C S Tan ◽  
Ian Y S Yeo ◽  
Tien Yin Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
Retinal Capillary ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Retinal Vessel Density

PurposeOptical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) potentially allows for rapid and non-invasive quantification of retinal capillary plexus density in various disease states. This study aims to identify the key features that influenced the repeatability of OCT-A measurements.MethodsWe obtained OCT-A images on two separate visits in 44 healthy eyes from 44 subjects, each imaged with using the Topcon DRI OCT Triton imaging system. The parafoveal vessel density within a 1.5 mm radius centred over the fovea was obtained with the built-in tool for the superficial and deep retinal plexuses. Repeatability of vessel density was determined by intraclass correlation (ICC) and mean variation. We evaluated several image parameters to determine their influence on the repeatability of vessel density measurement in each of the two capillary plexuses.ResultsThe mean age of the subjects was 70.2±9.2 years, with 64% males. Mean parafoveal vessel density measurements for the first and second visits were 53.3±11.1 and 53.3±10.3 for the superficial plexus and 27.3±8.59 and 27.0±8.78 for the deep plexus. ICC analyses demonstrated that high fine vessel visibility, the absence of motion artefact and software-derived image quality score of 60 or above were necessary to obtain a good (ICC>0.6) or excellent (ICC>0.75) repeatability.ConclusionsOur study identified the imaging parameters that determined the repeatability of quantitative retinal vessel density measurements. These findings have implications in determining if OCT-A images can be used to accurately evaluate serial changes in retinal vessel density.

scholarly journals The Difference in Repeatability of Automated Superficial Retinal Vessel Density according to the Measurement Area Using OCT Angiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hyung Bin Lim ◽  
Tae Seen Kang ◽  
Yeo Kyoung Won ◽  
Jung Yeul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Retinal Vessel Density ◽  
Perfusion Density ◽  
Measurement Area ◽  
Central Fovea

Purpose. To evaluate the difference in the repeatability of automated superficial retinal vessel density and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics according to the measurement area of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods. A total of 127 normal eyes from 127 healthy subjects were included. Macular angiography images were acquired from all subjects using the Zeiss Cirrus 5000 with AngioPlex™ OCTA software. Scans of 3 × 3 mm and 6 × 6 mm were each performed twice in a randomly arranged sequence. Vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD), and FAZ metrics of the superficial capillary plexus were calculated automatically for all scans, and the repeatabilities for both scan patterns were assessed based on intraclass correlation (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV), and coefficient of repeatability (CR) parameters. The average measured values in the two scan patterns were also compared. Results. VD was significantly greater in the 3 × 3 mm scan than in the 6 × 6 mm scan according to all parameters, whereas PD was significantly less in the 3 × 3 mm scan than in the 6 × 6 mm scan. The ICCs for VDs in the central fovea were 0.826 and 0.741 for the 3 × 3 and 6 × 6 mm scans, respectively, and the CVs were 8.00% and 12.75%. For PDs, the ICCs were 0.839 and 0.762 and the CVs were 9.32% and 14.90%. The FAZ metrics in the 3 × 3 mm scan showed good repeatability with an ICC >0.75 and a CV <10.0%. However, all ICCs for the 6 × 6 mm scans were <0.75, and the CVs were all >10%. Conclusions. The 6 × 6 mm macular angiography scans resulted in lower repeatabilities than the 3 × 3 mm scans according to all OCTA parameters, particularly in the central fovea and FAZ metrics. The 3 × 3 mm scan was more suitable than the 6 × 6 mm scan for analyzing macular microvascular density and FAZ metrics.

scholarly journals Retinal and Choriocapillary Vascular Changes in Early Stages of Multiple Sclerosis: A Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 5756
Author(s):  
Daniela Montorio ◽  
Roberta Lanzillo ◽  
Antonio Carotenuto ◽  
Maria Petracca ◽  
Marcello Moccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Density Reduction ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Retinal Vessel Density ◽  
A Prospective Study

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) abnormalities occur in multiple sclerosis (MS) over the course of the disease. OCTA investigations at early MS stages are lacking. We aimed to investigate vessel density in macular and papillary regions over two years after an initial demyelinating event (IDE). Vessel density was analyzed in superficial, deep, choriocapillaris and radial peripapillary plexus at baseline, and after one and two years. We also evaluated structural OCT parameter changes of the ganglion cell complex (GCC) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). We evaluated 30 eyes from 15 IDE patients (7 females, 8 males, mean age 28.4 ± 9.6 years) and 30 eyes from 15 healthy controls. After 2 years, we reported in the IDE group a reduced vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus and radial peripapillary capillary plexus with respect to the baseline (coeff. β = −2.779, p = 0.013; coeff. β = −4.055, p = 0.018 and coeff. β = −2.687, p ≤ 0.001; respectively), while GCC and RNFL thicknesses did not change. Vessel density reduction was not associated with an expanded disability status scale (EDSS) change, relapse occurrence or magnetic resonance imaging activity. The analysis of healthy controls did not reveal any impairment in OCT and OCTA parameters over 2 years of follow-up. Retinal vascular loss occurs in patients with an IDE independently from clinical and radiological disease activity. Retinal vessel density could represent a novel early biomarker to monitor the MS pathological burden.

scholarly journals Quantification of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Age and Age-related Macular Degeneration using Vessel Density analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Vaghefi ◽  
Sophie Hill ◽  
Hannah M Kersten ◽  
David Squirrell
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Retinal Vessel Density

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether vessel density (VD) as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) provide insights into retinal and choriocapillaris vascular changes with ageing and intermediate dry age related macular degeneration (AMD).MethodsSeventy-five participants were recruited into three cohorts; young healthy (YH) group, old healthy (OH) and those at high-risk for exudative AMD. Raw OCT and OCT-A data from TOPCON DRI OCT Triton were exported using Topcon IMAGENET 6.0 software, and 3D datasets were analysed to determine retinal thickness and vessel density.ResultsCentral macular thickness measurements revealed a trend of overall retinal thinning with increasing age. VD through the full thickness of the retina was highest in ETDRS sector 4 (the inferior macula) in all the cohorts. Mean VD was significantly higher in the deep capillary plexus than the superficial capillary plexus in all ETDRS sectors in all cohorts but there was no significant difference noted between groups. Choriocapillaris VD was significantly lower in all ETDRS sectors in the in the AMD group compared with the YH and the OH groups.ConclusionsRetinal vessel density maps, derived from the retinal plexi are not reliable biomarkers for assessing the ageing macular. Our non-proprietary analysis of the vascular density of the choriocapillaris revealed a significant drop off of VD with age and disease but further work is required to corroborate this finding. If repeatable, choriocapillaris VD may provide a non-invasive biomarker of healthy ageing and disease.Brief SummaryIn this manuscript, we have studied the potential of retinal vessel density as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), as a biomarker for detection of high-risk of developing exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

scholarly journals The Impact of Chronic Heart Failure on Retinal Vessel Density Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Children with Dilated Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2659
Author(s):  
Klaudia Rakusiewicz ◽  
Krystyna Kanigowska ◽  
Wojciech Hautz ◽  
Lidia Ziółkowska
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Retinal Vessel Density

(1) Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess retinal vessel density (VD) in the superficial capillary plexus layer (SP) and deep capillary plexus layer (DP) in children with chronic heart failure (CHF) in the course of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). (2) Methods: Thirty children with CHF due to DCM lasting more than six months, with an enlarged left ventricle and impaired left ventricular systolic function (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 55%), were enrolled to have both their eyes assessed for this study. Mean age of the children was 9.9 ± 3.57 years. The control group consisted of an additional 30 children without CHF (mean age 11.27 ± 3.33 years) matched for age and gender against the study group. All participants underwent transthoracic echocardiography to measure LVEF using Simpson method. Blood serum was tested for N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) marker value. All children underwent OCTA with evaluation of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), whole superficial vessel density (wsVD), foveal superficial vessel density (fsVD), parafoveal superficial vessel density (psVD), whole deep vessel density (wdVD), foveal deep vessel density (fdVD), parafoveal deep vessel density (pdVD), whole thickness (WT), foveal thickness (FT), and parafoveal thickness (PFT). (3) Results: Retinal VD in SP was significantly lower in children with CHF as compared to the controls. The following SP parameters in the study group were statistically significantly lower than these same measurements for the control group. Details, with study group findings quantified first, include wsVD (46.2% vs. 49.83%, p < 0.05), fsVD (18.07% vs. 24.15%, p < 0.05), and psVD (49.24% vs. 52.51%, p < 0.05). The WT (311.03 micrometers (μm) vs. 323.55 μm, p < 0.05), FT (244.57 μm vs. 256.98 μm, p < 0.05), and PFT (320.63 μm vs. 332.02 μm, p < 0.05). No significant differences in DP retinal VD were found between the two groups. No statistically significant differences in the FAZ were found. The fsVD and FT were correlated with biometry and the age of the study participants. There was a correlation between FAZ and FT (p < 0.001). There were no correlations between retinal VD in both plexuses and refractive error, sex, NT-proBNP, and LVEF. (4) Conclusions: In children with CHF in the course of DCM as compared to the control group, significantly decreased retinal VD in SP was observed. The results of our study indicate that measurements of the OCTA may be a useful diagnostic method in children with chronic heart failure, but it is necessary to conduct further studies in larger groups of participants and long-term observation of these patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the correlation between quantitative measurement of the foveal avascular zone and retinal vessel density and outer retinal disruptions in diabetic patients.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAGİHAN UĞURLU ◽  
AYŞE GÜZİN TAŞLIPINAR UZEL ◽  
AHMET ŞENGÜN ◽  
FATMA YÜLEK ◽  
DEMET ÖZDAŞ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Retinal Layers ◽  
Avascular Zone ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Retinal Vessel Density

Aim: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the correlation between the integrity of the outer retinal layers on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and objective parameters of retinal microvascular perfusion on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Method: 105 eyes of 54 diabetic patients were included in to the study. Integrity of the outer retinal layers including the external limiting membrane (ELM), ellipsoid zone (EZ), and interdigitation zone (IZ) were assessed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and vessel density (VD) measurements in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) in all the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) sectors were evaluated by OCTA. Association between the quantitative measurement of the foveal avascular zone and retinal vessel density measurements and outer retinal disruptions were evaluated. Results: FAZ area was correlated with outer retinal layer disruption at both in the superficial plexus (r = 0.244, 0.228, 0.212, p = 0.013, 0.02, 0.031 for the ELM, EZ and IZ respectively) and deep capillary plexus (r = 0.298, 0.234, 0.197, p = 0.002, 0.019, 0.048 for the ELM, EZ and IZ respectively). A significant relationship was also found between the VD measurements in the SCP and DCP in ETDRS sectors and the outer retinal layers disruption. Conclusion: The result of the current study shows a significant relationship between the quantitative OCTA parameters and the integrity of the outer retinal layers and. This finding reveals a correlation between retinal capillary nonperfusion and outer retinal disruption in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. Key Words: Outer retinal disruption, external limiting membrane, ellipsoid zone, interdigitation zone, foveal avascular zone, superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus, optical coherence tomography angiography

scholarly journals The Retinal Vessel Density as a New Vascular Biomarker in Multisystem Involvement in Fabry Disease: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 4087
Author(s):  
Gilda Cennamo ◽  
Daniela Montorio ◽  
Ciro Santoro ◽  
Sirio Cocozza ◽  
Letizia Spinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Fabry Disease ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Global Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Retinal Vessel Density

In this study, we evaluated the possible relationship between the changes in retinal vessel density (VD) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and the vascular alterations involving renal, cardiovascular and central nervous systems in patients affected by Fabry disease (FD). In 50 FD patients, the retinal superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) in macular region were evaluated by OCTA examination. The patients also underwent a brain magnetic resonance imaging scan, renal and echocardiographic examinations with quantification of systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPs) and left atrial volume index (LAVi). The VD of SCP and DCP was inversely related with E/e’ ratio, LAVi, interventricular septal thickness, global longitudinal strain (GLS) and PAPs (p < 0.05). No relationship was found, with a multivariate analysis, between OCTA parameters and kidney function and neuroradiological signs of central nervous system involvement. OCTA could be a new vascular biomarker in FD, revealing a strong correlation between retinal capillary damage and myocardial impairment, possibly preceding both renal dysfunction and cerebrovascular involvement.

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