scholarly journals Towards universal health coverage: can national health research systems deliver contextualised evidence to guide progress in Africa?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 9) ◽  
pp. e001910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet Nabyonga-Orem ◽  
Joseph Okeibunor
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Research Systems ◽  
Universal Health ◽  
Health Research Systems

scholarly journals An Analysis of The National Health Insurance Policy Implementation in 2014 (Presidential Regulation No. 12 And 111/2013 on Health Insurance) from The Regulator’s Position

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arief Hasan ◽  
Puput Oktamianti ◽  
Dumilah Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract. JKN (National Health Insurance) is a government program that aims to provide health assurance for all Indonesian citizens for a healthy, productive, and prosperous life. In the two years after JKN was implemented, various problems occurred. This research used the qualitative approach with the Edward II implementation theory. Results of the research indicated that there were problems in communication, stemming from the lack of socialization and inharmonic regulations, there was also the problem of the lack of healthcare resources. From the disposition side, the policy makers often obstructs the implementation preparation, this is evident from the information on determining the premium size. From the organization structure, all the stakeholders have been well coordinated. We conclude that we are not ready to implement the JKN. We recommend that mass and effective socialization program to be performed using various methods of communication and involve the community. To reduce the disparity of healthcare services, we recommend that the regional government to establish various healthcare facilities to accelerate health development. There should also be regulations that allocates healthcare staff in every corner of the country to achieve Universal Health Coverage in 2019, as stated in the National Health Insurance Road Map. Keywords: policy analysis, national health insurance, universal health coverage

scholarly journals Governance of Health Research in Four Eastern and Southern African Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela A Juma ◽  
Catherine M Jones ◽  
Rhona Mijumbi-Dave ◽  
Clare Wenham ◽  
Tiny Masupe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Research ◽  
National Level ◽  
Research Governance ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Human Resource Capacity ◽  
Research Systems ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
Health Research Systems

Abstract Background: Health research governance is an essential function of national health research systems. Yet many African countries have not developed strong health research governance structures and processes. This paper presents a comparative analysis of national health research governance in Botswana, Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia where health sciences research production is well established relative to some others in the region, and continues to grow. It aims to examine progress made and challenges faced in strengthening health research governance in these countries.Methods: We collected data through document review and key informant interviews with a total of 80 participants including decision-makers, researchers, and funders across stakeholder institutions in the four countries. Data on health research governance were thematically coded for policies, legislation, regulation, and institutions and analyzed comparatively across the four national health research systems.Results: All countries were found to be moving from using a research governance framework set by national science, technology and innovation policies to one that is more anchored in health research structures and policies within the health sectors. Kenya and Zambia have adopted health research legislation and policies, while Botswana and Uganda are in the process of developing the same. National level health research coordination and regulation is still hampered by inadequate financial and human resource capacities, which present a challenge for building strong health research governance institutions.Conclusion: Building health research governance as a key pillar of national health research systems involve developing stronger governance institutions, strengthening health research legislation, increasing financing for governance processes, and improving human resource capacity in health research governance and management.

scholarly journals Ghana’s Journey towards Universal Health Coverage: The Role of the National Health Insurance Scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kipo-Sunyehzi ◽  
Amogre Ayanore ◽  
Dzidzonu ◽  
Ayalsuma Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
National Health Insurance Scheme ◽  
Health Insurance Scheme ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Universal Health

: Background: the main aim of the study is to find if the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Ghana is achieving universal health coverage (UHC) or not. The study gives the trajectories of health policies in Ghana and their implications on long term health financing. NHIS in Ghana was implemented in 2004, with the aim of increasing subscribers’ access to health care services and reduce financial barriers to health care. On equity access to healthcare, it addresses two core concerns: (1) enrolling particular groups (persons exempted from annual premium payments) and (2) achieving UHC for all citizens and persons with legal residence. It utilizes a multifactor approach to the conceptualization of UHC. The research question: is Ghana’s NHIS on course to deliver or achieve universal health coverage? Methods: we used qualitative methods. In doing so, the study engaged participants in in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and direct observations of participants in their natural settings, like hospitals, clinics, offices and homes, with purposive and snowball techniques. This data triangulation approach aims to increase the reliability and validity of findings. Results: the empirical evidence shows NHIS performed relatively well in enrolling more exempt groups (particular groups) than enrolling all persons in Ghana (UHC). The biggest challenge for the implementation of NHIS from the perspectives of health insurance officials is inadequate funding. The health insurance beneficiaries complained of delays during registrations and renewals. They also complained of poor attitude of some health insurance officials and health workers at facilities. Conclusions: both health insurance officials and beneficiaries emphasized the need for increased public education and for implementers to adopt a friendly attitude towards clients. To move towards achieving UHC, there is a need to redesign the policy, to move it from current voluntary contributions, to adopt a broad tax-based approach to cover all citizens and persons with legal residence in Ghana. Also, to adopt a flexible premium payment system (specifically ‘payments by installation’ or ‘part payments’) and widen the scope of exempt groups as a way of enrolling more into the NHIS.

scholarly journals Advancing universal health coverage in China and Vietnam: lessons for other countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhui Mao ◽  
Yuchen Tang ◽  
Tra Tran ◽  
Michelle Pender ◽  
Phuong Nguyen Khanh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Population Coverage ◽  
Service Coverage ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract Background China and Vietnam have made impressive progress towards universal health coverage (UHC) through government-led health insurance reforms. We compared the different pathways used to achieve UHC, to identify the lessons other countries can learn from China and Vietnam. Methods This was a mixed method study which included a literature review, in-depth interviews and secondary data analysis. We conducted a literature search in English and Chinese databases, and reviewed policy documents from internal contacts. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 16 policy makers, government bureaucrats, health insurance scholars in China and Vietnam. Secondary data was collected from National Health Statistics Reports, Health Insurance Statistical Reports and National Health Household Surveys carried out in both countries. We used population insurance coverage, insurance policies, reimbursement rates, number of households experiencing catastrophic heath expenditure (CHE) and incidence of impoverishment due to health expenditure (IHE) to measure the World Health Organization’s three dimensions of UHC: population coverage, service coverage, and financial coverage. Results China has increased population coverage through strong political commitment and extensive government financial subsidies to expand coverage. Vietnam expanded population coverage gradually, by prioritizing the poor and the near-poor in an incremental way. In China, insurance service packages varied across regions and schemes and were greatly determined by financial contributions, resulting in limited service coverage in less developed areas. Vietnam focused on providing a comprehensive and universal service packages for all enrollees thereby approaching UHC in a more equitable manner. CHE rate decreased in Vietnam but increased in China between 2003 and 2008. While Vietnam has decreased the CHE gap between urban and rural populations, China suffers from persistent disparities among population income levels and geographic location. CHE and CHE rates were still high in lower income groups. Conclusion Political commitment, sustainable financial sources and administrative capacity are strong driving factors in achieving UHC through health insurance reform. Health insurance schemes need to consider covering essential health services for all beneficiaries and providing government subsidies for vulnerable populations’ in order to help achieve health for all.

scholarly journals National health insurance system for universal health coverage: prospects and challenges in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 5006
Author(s):  
Mohammad F. Alharbi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance System ◽  
National Health Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Universal Health

Universal health coverage (UHC) is one of the major health policy objectives to achieve a Nation’s sustainable development. This goal is achieved when all citizens in the country enjoy the highest standards of healthcare at no or low cost. Many countries around the world have achieved UHC through a national health insurance framework and have an extensive range of risks funded by government revenue and contributions from both employers and employees. This study examines the feasibility of developing a National Health Insurance System (NHIS) as a way to achieve UHC in Saudi Arabia. It also highlights the potential role of health insurance in health coverage, improving the quality of care, and use of healthcare. Although establishing a NHIS poses many challenges, addressing them makes it feasible to provide and finance healthcare in the country.

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