Optimizing the Financial Performance of SMEs Based on Sharia Economy: Perspective of Economic Business Sustainability and Open Innovation

Optimal financial performance based on the use of sharia fintech followed by the stability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) will have an impact on economic growth. This study aims to analyze the financial performance of SMEs from a sharia economic perspective; analyzing the effect of using sharia fintech on the financial performance and sustainability of SMEs and strengthening human resource capacity, business diversification, business productivity, and product marketing to improve financial performance and business sustainability of SMEs. The study uses a quantitative survey approach. Data were obtained through questionnaires distributed to 350 respondents in 15 districts in the city of Makassar. The results of the study show that human resource capacity and business diversification affect the financial performance of SMEs by 41.8%. Sharia fintech, human resource capacity, business diversification, business productivity, and financial performance have a positive effect on SME business sustainability with a determination coefficient of 65.9%. This study recommends the management of SME businesses based on the use of sharia fintech in supporting the sustainability of SME businesses in Makassar, Indonesia.

The Implementation of Cipp Model in Evaluation MGMP Indonesian Language Program at Senior High School 11, Bekasi

Program evaluation is a form of mechanism used to review program processes that have been implemented over a certain period of time. The review is intended to understand, explore, and correct deficiencies in the program itself. This study was evaluation research using the CIPP model (Context, Input, Process, Product) developed by Stufflebeam. The evaluation subjects were organizer of MGMP, instructors and principal in SMAN 11, Bekasi. The evaluation was conduted in SMAN 11, Bekasi. The data obtained are presented in descriptive qualitative form. Interview, observation, and documentation were utilized as instruments to collect the data. The results of this evaluation reveal that the dimensions of MGMP program planning are generally quite good in terms of the specified context aspect criteria. The dimensions of human resource capacity in implementating the MGMP program have not been optimal in running the program based on the specified input aspect criteria. The dimension of the implementation of the MGMP program have not met all the elements of the process aspect criteria. The dimension of achievement of the MGMP program in improving professionalism of Indonesian language teachers at SMAN 11, Bekasi have been achieved based on the success indicators that have been determined in product aspect.Keywords: MGMP, Program Evaluation, CIPP.

Optimizing Highly Infectious Disease Isolation Unit Management. Experiences from the Infectious Diseases Isolation and Research Unit, Fort Portal, Uganda

Infectious disease outbreaks are the scale of the current COVID-19 pandemic are a new phenomenon in many parts of the world. Many isolation unit designs with corresponding workflow dynamics and personal protective equipment postures have been proposed for each emerging disease at the health facility level, depending on the mode of transmission. However, personnel and resource management at the isolation units for a resilient response will vary by human resource capacity, reporting requirements, and practice setting. This paper describes an approach to Isolation unit management at a rural Uganda Hospital and shares lessons from the Uganda experience for isolation unit managers in low- and middle-income settings.

Strategi Peningkatan Efektivitas Masyarakat Peduli Api (MPA) Dalam Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan di Provinsi Bali

Strategy For Improving Effectiveness of Fire Care Society (MPA) in Control of Forest Fire in Bali Province. Land and forest fires seem to be an annual disaster in Indonesia. The Ministry of Environment and Forestry is initiated to form Fire Care Community Groups, called Fire Care Society (MPA). MPA in Bali has been established since 2012. The study is needed to determine the community perception who live around the forest areas, to determine the effectiveness of MPA, and to analyzed strategic increases the effectiveness of MPAregarding forest fires controlling. Research data has been collected through a closed questionnaire to compile the respond of respondents in the google form. The respondent consisted of MPA member and non-member and related stakeholders. The types of data that been collected include respondent’s perceptions, MPA participation, and implementation of Perdirjen PPI number 3, 2018. These data then analyzed with the SWOT method. The results showed that the MPA and non-MPA members have positive perception of natural factor and human behavior as a factor of forest fires. The highest value of MPA’s participation in fires-fighting is 3.71 and participation influenced by environmental factors valued at 3.84. While the implementation of Perdirjen PPI decree is 66.39%. The SWOT analysis shows the MPA in progressive strategic S-O. So this study concludes that the MPA hasn’t been fully effective. The effectiveness can be improved by providing adequate support through clear regulations, budget allocations, and increasing human resource capacity.

The ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY INFLUENCING FACTORS OF REGIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL REPORTS AND THE IMPLICATION TOWARDS THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF LAMPUNG PROVINCE GOVERNMENT

This study aims to examine the relationship between the influence of human resource capacity, the application of government internal control systems and the use of information technology to the quality of local government financial reports, and their implications for employee performance. The study was conducted among 107 employees who worked in the accounting department of the Regional Agency for Financial Management and Assets and the Regional Revenue and Asset Management Service, who had responsibilities and main functions in the preparation of financial reports of district governments of Lampung Province. The data analysis technique used in this study is the SEM (Structural Equation Model) method using the AMOS program as a research tool. This research shows empirical evidence that human resource capacity, the application of government internal control systems and the use of information technology have a positive effect on the quality of local government financial reporting, this study found. also successfully demonstrated that there is a positive influence on the quality of local government financial statements on employee performance.

Governance of health research in four eastern and southern African countries

Background Health research governance is an essential function of national health research systems. Yet many African countries have not developed strong health research governance structures and processes. This paper presents a comparative analysis of national health research governance in Botswana, Kenya, Uganda and Zambia, where health sciences research production is well established relative to some others in the region and continues to grow. The paper aims to examine progress made and challenges faced in strengthening health research governance in these countries. Methods We collected data through document review and key informant interviews with a total of 80 participants including decision-makers, researchers and funders across stakeholder institutions in the four countries. Data on health research governance were thematically coded for policies, legislation, regulation and institutions and analysed comparatively across the four national health research systems. Results All countries were found to be moving from using a research governance framework set by national science, technology and innovation policies to one that is more anchored in health research structures and policies within the health sectors. Kenya and Zambia have adopted health research legislation and policies, while Botswana and Uganda are in the process of developing the same. National-level health research coordination and regulation is hampered by inadequate financial and human resource capacities, which present challenges for building strong health research governance institutions. Conclusion Building health research governance as a key pillar of national health research systems involves developing stronger governance institutions, strengthening health research legislation, increasing financing for governance processes and improving human resource capacity in health research governance and management.

Reconciling access to information and political party funding in Malawi: a comparative analysis of legislation

Purpose The purpose of this paper was to assess the similarities and differences between the Political Parties and the Access to Information Acts in Malawi. While political parties are largely funded by donations that are frequently kept as a secret, the Access to Information Act does not include political party funding among the categories of non-disclosed information. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the qualitative content analysis of the legislation in Malawi. Content analysis of the two pieces of legislation was adopted. This paper is a review of the literature and an examination of Malawi's Political Parties and Access to Information Acts. The document study was supplemented by a review of related literature on the two legislations. Findings The Political Parties Act prohibits the government, ministries and departments from directly or indirectly funding political parties. The Access to Information Act to ensure information generated by Malawi government ministries, departments and agencies is readily made available by the citizens when needed or requested. The Access to Information Act does not exempt political parties from disclosing their funding sources. The two acts work in tandem to promote accountability and transparency in political party funding and sources. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to Malawi's Political Parties and Access to Information Acts. Only the South African related acts have informed the paper. However, several acts within developing countries would have greatly aided the paper. Practical implications The implementation of the two pieces of legislation has implications for the balance between disclosure and non-disclosure of political party funding. Oversight functions and credible human resource capacity are needed in both political parties and government enforcement institutions. Social implications Oversight functions by the Administrator-General through the Registrar of Political Parties and the Malawi Human Rights Commission are key to the implementation of Malawi's Political Parties and Access to Information Acts, respectively. Proper enforcement of the oversight functions is expected to result in an open, transparent and accountable Malawian society. Originality/value Various players are needed in the accountability chain to protect disclosure and non-disclosure of information. Very little information is known on the powers, functions and duties of office bearers capable of enforcing legislation to keep political parties' funding clean. Little is known on how the citizens can access information regarding political parties funding.

Assessing Capacity and Implementation Status of the Disaster Risk Management Strategy for Health and Community Disaster Resilience in Malawi

Floods are among the most frequently occurring natural hazards in Malawi, often with public health implications. This mixed methods study assessed the capacity for and implementation status of the disaster risk management (DRM) strategy for the health sector in Malawi, using flooding in the Nsanje District as a case. Data were collected using desk review and a workshop methodology involving key officials from government ministries, national and international development partners, and the academia. The results show that Malawi had recently strengthened its DRM institutional frameworks, with a pronounced policy shift from reactive to proactive management of disasters. Health sector personnel and structures were key contributors in the design and implementation of DRM activities at all levels. Development partners played a significant role in strengthening DRM coordination and implementation capacity. Lack of funding and the limited availability, and often fragmented nature, of vulnerability and risk assessment data were identified as key challenges. Limited human resource capacity and inadequate planning processes at district level impeded full implementation of DRM policies. These findings call for community-level interventions for improved coordination, planning, and human resource capacity to strengthen community disaster resilience and improve public health. The approach used in this study can serve as a model framework for other districts in Malawi, as well as in other low- and middle-income countries in the context of Sendai Framework implementation.

Advancing Transnational Higher Education in Ethiopia: Policy Promises and Realities

Ethiopia boasts more than a million students in its burgeoning higher education sector which has witnessed phenomenal growth over the last two decades. In this context, transnational higher education (TNHE) has been widely touted as a viable means of addressing human resource capacity building needs and quality educational provisions. Using documentary analysis, survey questionnaire and structured interviews as principal data sources, this study explored the major rationales, policy directions and gaps in the provision of TNHE in Ethiopia. The findings of the study indicate that despite policy directions informed by the theories of human capital development and social inclusion which are widely advanced by multilateral agents like the World Bank and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, the gains so far have been marginal and fraught with a plethora of challenges. The study proposes mechanisms for addressing these challenges and enhancing the contribution of TNHE in the context of developing countries.

How does Governance Impact Malnutrition ? A Close Look at Factors Associated with Underweight in Children Under 5 Years in Ghana

Undernutrition remains a barrier to achieving the sustainable development goals in most developing countries. The United Nations identified that, the right mix of policies and actions that addresses the numerous, interrelated causes of hunger and undernutrition will be able to achieve Zero Hunger thereby ending hunger and undernutrition . In Ghana, 11% of all children under the age of 5years are underweight. Nutrition programs are traditionally funded through the government of Ghana budgetary allocations, to pay salaries and for the supply of logistics, and training. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of human resource capacity and budgetary expenditure on nutrition program outcomes for children under five years using in-depth interviews, anthropometric data on age and weight and data on nutrition human resource and expenditure in three regions from 2014 to 2017 in Ghana. The paper finds using linear mixed effects modeling that human and financial resources are not significant predictors of underweight besides, there are externalities in the implementation of nutrition programs for children under 5years due to poor targeting and information asymmetries, resulting in excludability in consumption of nutrition services, therefore nutrition programs may not be well-coordinated, and implemented pointing to government failure. Mother support groups contributed in reducing undernutrition in children under 5years through the cultivation and consumption of nutrition-sensitive agriculture value chain products .