scholarly journals Healthcare seeking patterns of families of infants with circumcision-related morbidities from two population-based cohort studies in Ghana

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e018185
Author(s):  
Thomas Gyan ◽  
Kimberley McAuley ◽  
Maureen O'Leary ◽  
Natalie A. Strobel ◽  
Karen M. Edmond
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Healthcare Seeking ◽  
Rural Ghana ◽  
Informal Providers ◽  
Brong Ahafo Region

ObjectiveThis study assessed healthcare seeking patterns of families of infants with circumcision-related morbidities and families of infants with acute illnesses in rural Ghana.DesignTwo population-based cohort studies.SettingBrong Ahafo Region of central rural Ghana.ParticipantsA total of 22 955 infants enrolled in a large population-based trial (Neovita trial) from 16 August 2010 to 7 November 2011 and 3141 infants in a circumcision study from 21 May 2012 to 31 December 2012.Primary outcomeCare seeking for circumcision-related morbidities and acute illnesses unrelated to circumcision.ResultsTwo hundred and thirty (8.1%) infants from the circumcision study had circumcision-related morbidities and 6265 (27.3%) infants from the Neovita study had acute illnesses unrelated to circumcision. A much lower proportion (35, 15.2%) of families of infants with circumcision-related morbidities sought healthcare compared with families of infants with acute illnesses in the Neovita study (5520, 88.1%). More families sought care from formal providers (24, 69%) compared with informal providers (11, 31%) for circumcision-related morbidities. There were no obvious determinants of care seeking for acute illnesses or circumcision-related morbidities in the population.ConclusionsGovernment and non-government organisations need to improve awareness about the complications and care seeking needed for circumcision-related morbidities.

scholarly journals Large Population-Based Cohort Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-412
Author(s):  
XiaoFeng WANG ◽  
Li JIN
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based

Social relations and smoking abstinence among ever-smokers: A report from two large population-based Danish cohort studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lone Ross ◽  
Birthe Lykke Thomsen ◽  
Sidsel Helle Boesen ◽  
Kirsten Frederiksen ◽  
Rikke Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Danish Cohort

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Care-Seeking for Children Under Five Before and After the Free Healthcare Initiative in Sierra Leone: An Analysis of Population-Based Survey Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Dofinisery Bognini ◽  
Sekou Samadoulougou ◽  
Mady Ouedraogo ◽  
Tiga David Kangoye ◽  
Carine Van Malderen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Healthcare Seeking ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Free Healthcare

Abstract Background: There are real socioeconomic inequalities between and within countries, leading to disparities in the use of health services. In children under five years of age, this could be responsible for child mortality by depriving children of healthcare. By removing healthcare fees, the Free Healthcare Initiative (FHCI) adopted in Sierra Leone can contribute to reducing these inequities in healthcare-seeking for children. This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic inequalities in healthcare-seeking for children under five years of age before and after the implementation of the FHCI.Methods: We included 1207, 2815, and 1633 children under five years of age with fever from the 2008, 2013, and 2016 nationwide surveys database, respectively. Concentration curves were drawn for the period before (2008) and after (2013 and 2016) the implementation of the FHCI to assess socioeconomic inequalities in healthcare-seeking. Finally, concentration indices were calculated to understand the magnitude of these socioeconomic inequalities.Results: We found that before the implementation of the FHCI, there were inequalities in care-seeking for children under five (concentration index (CIn) = 0.168, standard error (SE) = 0.049) in favor of the wealthy households. These inequalities decreased after the implementation of the FHCI but remained in favor of the rich households (CIn = 0.039, SE = 0.040). There were more disparities in the healthcare-seeking between districts before the implementation of the FHCI. After the initiation of the FHCI, these disparities were reduced, and 12 of the 14 districts had a CIn around the value of equality. Conclusion: Our study observed pro-rich inequalities in care-seeking for children under five years of age before the implementation of the FHCI and a decrease in these inequalities after its implementation, even if it remained pro-rich. To continue to reduce wealth-related inequalities, policy actions can focus on the increase of availability of health services in the districts where the care-seeking was pro-rich.

scholarly journals Validation of the Long-term Difficulties Inventory (LDI) and the List of Threatening Experiences (LTE) as measures of stress in epidemiological population-based cohort studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 2599-2608 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. M. Rosmalen ◽  
E. H. Bos ◽  
P. de Jonge
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Epidemiological Cohort

BackgroundStress questionnaires are included in many epidemiological cohort studies but the psychometric characteristics of these questionnaires are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to describe these characteristics for two short questionnaires measuring the lifetime and past year occurrence of stress: the List of Threatening Events (LTE) as a measure of acute stress and the Long-term Difficulties Inventory (LDI) as a measure of chronic stress.MethodThis study was performed in a general population cohort consisting of 588 females (53.7%) and 506 males (46.3%), with a mean age of 53.5 years (s.d.=11.3 years). Respondents completed the LTE and the LDI for the past year, and for the age categories of 0–12, 13–18, 19–39, 40–60, and >60 years. They also completed questionnaires on perceived stress, psychological distress (the General Health Questionnaire, GHQ-12), anxiety and depression (the Symptom Checklist, SCL-8) and neuroticism (the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire – Revised Short Scale, EPQ-RSS-N). Approximately 2 years later, 976 respondents (89%) completed these questionnaires for a second time.ResultsThe stability of the retrospective reporting of long-term difficulties and life events was satisfactory: 0.7 for the lifetime LDI and 0.6 for the lifetime LTE scores. The construct validity of these lists is indicated by their positive associations with psychological distress, mental health problems and neuroticism.ConclusionsThis study in a large population-based sample shows that the LDI and LTE have sufficient validity and stability to include them in major epidemiological cohort studies.

Associations between Body Composition and Mortality: A Large Population-Based Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Rong Li ◽  
Pei-Liang Chen ◽  
Xin Cheng ◽  
Hai-Lian Yang ◽  
Wen-Fang Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based

Fracture Risk in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Charles Kassardjian ◽  
Jessica Widdifield ◽  
J. Michael Paterson ◽  
Alexander Kopp ◽  
Chenthila Nagamuthu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevention ◽  
Inception Cohort ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Multiple Covariates ◽  
Region Of Residence

Background: Prednisone is a common treatment for myasthenia gravis (MG), and osteoporosis is a known potential risk of chronic prednisone therapy. Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the risk of serious fractures in a population-based cohort of MG patients. Methods: An inception cohort of patients with MG was identified from administrative health data in Ontario, Canada between April 1, 2002 and December 31, 2015. For each MG patient, we matched 4 general population comparators based on age, sex, and region of residence. Fractures were identified through emergency department and hospitalization data. Crude overall rates and sex-specific rates of fractures were calculated for the MG and comparator groups, as well as rates of specific fractures. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression. Results: Among 3,823 incident MG patients (followed for a mean of 5 years), 188 (4.9%) experienced a fracture compared with 741 (4.8%) fractures amongst 15,292 matched comparators. Crude fracture rates were not different between the MG cohort and matched comparators (8.71 vs. 7.98 per 1000 patient years), overall and in men and women separately. After controlling for multiple covariates, MG patients had a significantly lower risk of fracture than comparators (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.63–0.88). Conclusions: In this large, population-based cohort of incident MG patients, MG patients were at lower risk of a major fracture than comparators. The reasons for this finding are unclear but may highlight the importance osteoporosis prevention.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document