Short chain fatty acids in the terminal ileum accelerate stomach to caecum transit time in the rat.

ABSTRACT The intestinal health of piglets depends on the balance between diet, microflora and mucosal integrity. Disruption of this balance can compromise the digestive functions, leading to diarrhoeal frame and decline in performance of piglets. However, the level and type of fibre can limit digestive disorders. Thirty newly weaned piglets were used to evaluate the levels of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) in diets regarding performance, pH, viscosity and concentration of short chain fatty acids of digestive contents, gastrointestinal transit time, morphology of the intestinal mucosa, weights of organs and occurrence of diarrhoea. NDF level had quadratic effect on weight gain and feed conversion ratio of piglets, estimating best results at the level of 10.4%. NDF level had no effect on the pH, viscosity and concentration of short chain fatty acids. NDF levels below 10.2% or above 13.5% reduced the transit time of digesta. There was quadratic effect on villus height in the duodenum and jejunum and in the crypt depth of jejunum. There was linear increase in stomach, caecum and colon weights and linear decrease in the occurrence of diarrhoea according to increasing NDF levels. It is concluded that levels below 10.2% and above 13.5% reduce the transit time of digesta, whereas 12.2% NDF level results in better mucosa structure of the small intestinal, with an increase in the weights of the stomach, caecum and colon and a reduction in the occurrence of diarrhoea with increasing NDF level in diets, resulting in better performance of weaned piglets with 10.4% of NDF.

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In vitro contractile effects of short chain fatty acids in the rat terminal ileum.

Gut ◽

10.1136/gut.38.1.53 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 53-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

C Cherbut ◽

A C Aube ◽

H M Blottiere ◽

P Pacaud ◽

C Scarpignato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Terminal Ileum ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c7fo00031f ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 1966-1978 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Linlin Wang ◽

Lujun Hu ◽

Shuang Yan ◽

Tian Jiang ◽

Shuguang Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Water Content ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

Transit Time ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Intestinal Transit ◽

Short Chain ◽

Intestinal Transit Time ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

Oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.

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The Short-Chain Fatty Acids Propionate and Butyrate Augment Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli Virulence but Repress Inflammation in a Human Intestinal Enteroid Model of Infection

Microbiology Spectrum ◽

10.1128/spectrum.01369-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Pace ◽

Sara E. Rudolph ◽

Ying Chen ◽

Bin Bao ◽

David L. Kaplan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Terminal Ileum ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Intestinal Environment ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

The human terminal ileum and colon are colonized by a community of microbes known as the microbiota. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) excreted by bacterial members of the microbiota define the intestinal environment.

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Motor effects of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in the gastrointestinal tract

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1079/pns2002213 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 95-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 111

Author(s):

Christine Cherbut

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Terminal Ileum ◽

Colonic Motility ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Proximal Colon ◽

Short Chain ◽

Motor Effects ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) affect local and remote motility of the gastrointestinal tract by mechanisms that are not completely understood. In the large intestine where they are produced, they inhibit peristaltic activity and may stimulate tonic activity. When present in the terminal ileum as a result of reflux of colon contents, they elicit propulsive contractions. These local motor effects could involve a neuro-hormonal sensory mechanism located in the mucosa of the terminal ileum and proximal colon. Finally, through a humoral pathway probably involving polypeptide YY release, ileal and colonic SCFA modify upper motility by inducing relaxation of the proximal stomach and lower oesophageal sphincter and reducing gastric emptying. One characteristic feature of the SCFA effects is the dose-dependency of the gastrointestinal motor responses. Indeed, the effects occur only below or above a threshold of SCFA concentration in lumen contents. One putative physiological role of the motor effects of SCFA might be to maintain the physico-chemical balance of the lumen environment in the terminal ileum and proximal colon. Another role might be to co-regulate motility of the upper intestine. The clinical relevance of these effects is unclear. However, some recent findings suggest that excessive SCFA concentrations might induce adverse effects on gastrointestinal and colonic motility and sensitivity in certain diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

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