Occupational homicide of law enforcement officers in the US, 1996–2010

In April 2014, near Bunkerville, Nevada, Cliven Bundy and hundreds of armed supporters faced off with federal law enforcement officers who were removing his trespassing cattle from federal lands. Bundy described himself as the victim of a rogue federal government that trampled the US Constitution and deprived him of basic rights, and he was ready to “take this country back by force.”...

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Tactical Medical Skill Requirements for Law Enforcement Officers: A 10-Year Analysis of Line-of-Duty Deaths

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x00008323 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 346-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Matthew D. Sztajnkrycer

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Law Enforcement Officers ◽

Federal Bureau Of Investigation ◽

Combat Casualty ◽

Open Source Data ◽

The Us ◽

Source Data ◽

Treatment Priorities ◽

Combat Casualty Care ◽

Current Emphasis

AbstractIntroduction:In the absence of other data, military Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) precepts are increasingly being adapted to law enforcement needs. The purpose of this study is to better describe the nature of potentially preventable law enforcement Line-of-Duty Deaths (LODDs) occurring as a result of felonious assaults.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed of open source data available through the US Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA) program for the years 1998–2007 inclusive.Results:After applying exclusion criteria, 341 victim officers were included in the study. The most common cause of death was head trauma (n = 198), followed by chest trauma (n = 90). There were 123 victim officers that suffered potentially preventable deaths; the majority of these injuries involved the chest. Over the 10-year study period, only two officers (0.6%) died from isolated extremity hemorrhage.Conclusions:The current emphasis of TCCC on control of exsanguinating extremity hemorrhage may not meet the needs of law enforcement personnel in an environment with expedited access to well-developed trauma systems. Further study is needed to better examine the causes of preventable deaths in law enforcement officers, as well as the most appropriate law enforcement tactical medical skill set and treatment priorities.

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The enforcement of statewide mask wearing mandates to prevent COVID-19 in the US: an overview

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.25907.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 1100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Philip Jacobs ◽

Arvi P. Ohinmaa

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Law Enforcement Officers ◽

Government Agencies ◽

Law Enforcement Agencies ◽

News Reports ◽

Local Law Enforcement ◽

Legal Remedies ◽

The Us ◽

Local Law ◽

State And Local

Face masks have become the bulwark of COVID-19 prevention in the US. Between 10 April and 1 August, 2020, 33 state governors issued orders requiring businesses to require their customers and employees to wear face masks, and persons outdoors who could not social distance to do the same. We documented the policies and enforcement actions for these policies in each of the states. We used governors’ orders and journalists’ news reports as our sources. Our results show that the states used a variety of state and local (county and municipality) agencies to enforce business prevention behaviors and primarily local law enforcement agencies to enforce outside mask-wearing behaviours. In particular, law enforcement officers demonstrated a strong preference for educating non-mask wearers, and indicated a reluctance to resort to civil penalties that were enacted in the state orders. Businesses expressed a preference to have government agencies enforce non-mask wearing behaviours. But there was also a widespread reluctance on the part of local law enforcement to resort to legal remedies.

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Denying Due Process While Promoting Democracy: The Iraqi Detention Story

Israel Law Review ◽

10.1017/s0021223720000229 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-27

Author(s):

L Amber Brugnoli

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Armed Conflict ◽

Justice System ◽

Due Process ◽

Law Enforcement Officers ◽

International Human Rights ◽

The Us ◽

Day To Day Operations ◽

Professional Conflicts ◽

Due Process Rights

During times of military occupation following an armed conflict it is not uncommon for the victors to implement mass detention programmes aimed both at providing security and bringing criminals to justice. International human rights regimes serve as overarching guidance for these programmes but are subject to broad interpretations, so it is often unclear what regulations or laws should inform day-to-day operations. Military and civilian lawyers may find themselves practising in a foreign jurisdiction for which they have no training or experience, let alone licensure. Law enforcement officers and military police are forced to adapt long-held practices to a new environment. Questions arise as to the rights that detained individuals possess, as these programmes frequently combine rules from different legal systems with no clear authoritative hierarchy. Attention is focused on the treatment of detained individuals with far less emphasis placed on their due process rights or other fundamental legal freedoms. This article examines one such instance, the US detention programme in Iraq, and highlights the numerous ethical and professional conflicts presented when members of one justice system are transplanted into another without proper preparation and background.

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Law enforcement worker suicide: an updated national assessment

Policing An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management ◽

10.1108/pijpsm-09-2019-0157 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

John M. Violanti ◽

Andrea Steege

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Law Enforcement Officers ◽

National Database ◽

Corrections Officers ◽

Hispanic Males ◽

Content Type ◽

The Us ◽

Other Information ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Study Population

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to update the assessment of national data on law enforcement worker suicide based on the National Occupational Mortality Surveillance database (NOMS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).Design/methodology/approachDeath certificate data for 4,441,814 decedents, age 18–90 who died in one of the 26 reporting states were the source of NOMS data. Utilizing proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs), the ratio of suicides in law enforcement occupations in those who are 18–90 years old with a designated usual occupation was calculated.FindingsFindings indicate a significantly higher proportion of deaths from suicide for law enforcement officers (PMR = 154, 95% CI = 147–162), compared to all the US decedents in the study population who were employed during their lifetime. Law enforcement personnel are 54% more likely to die of suicide than all decedents with a usual occupation. PMRs were highest for African-Americans, Hispanic males and for females. PMRs were similar for detectives, corrections officers and all law enforcement jobs, when not stratified by race, ethnicity and sex.Research limitations/implicationsBias may arise because a PMR can be affected by disproportionate increased or decreased mortality from causes of death other than suicide.Practical implicationsA better understanding of the scope of law enforcement suicide can inform policy focused on the planning and initiation of prevention programs.Originality/valueThe use of a national database to study law enforcement worker suicide adds to other information available on law enforcement worker suicide in specific geographic areas. The discussion on prevention in this paper presents ideas for policy.

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