scholarly journals O3B.5 The mental health of police, firefighters and paramedics in the UK biobank: a comparison with the general working population

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A24.3-A25
Author(s):  
Sharon Stevelink ◽  
Nicola Fear ◽  
Matthew Hotopf
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Emergency Services Personnel ◽  
Working People ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk

It is our responsibility to protect and look after the health of members of the emergency services as this directly impacts on the country’s readiness to respond to these disasters and is a critical part of our duty of care towards this important group of workers. This study examined the mental health outcomes and associations with individual and job characteristics among emergency services personnel compared to a random sample of working people, thereby using data from the UK Biobank. This data source contains data on over half a million adults in the UK, who were at the time of recruitment between 40–69 years. Over 2 80 000 reported being in work. Current emergency services personnel were identified based on Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) 2000 codes. A random sample of age and sex matched people working in other occupations were selected from the UK Biobank for comparative purposes. The prevalence of the outcomes of interest, based on current and life time measures of depression, anxiety, alcohol misuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicide and trauma will be presented. The findings will be discussed in the light of current policies and strategies and recommendations for further practice will be outlined.

scholarly journals The mental health of emergency services personnel in the UK Biobank: a comparison with the working population

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1799477
Author(s):  
Sharon A. M. Stevelink ◽  
David Pernet ◽  
Alexandru Dregan ◽  
Katrina Davis ◽  
Karen Walker-Bone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Emergency Services Personnel ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Is the use of accurate psychiatric labels associated with intentions and beliefs about responses to mental illness in a friend? Findings from two national surveys of Australian youth

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. H. Yap ◽  
N. J Reavley ◽  
A. F. Jorm
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Community Education ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Similar Survey ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Using Data

Aims.An inherent prerequisite to mental health first-aid (MHFA) is the ability to identify that there is a mental health problem, but little is known about the association between psychiatric labelling and MHFA. This study examined this association using data from two national surveys of Australian young people.Methods.This study involved a national telephonic survey of 3746 Australian youth aged 12–25 years in 2006, and a similar survey in 2011 with 3021 youth aged 15–25 years. In both surveys, respondents were presented with a vignette portraying depression, psychosis or social phobia in a young person. The 2011 survey also included depression with suicidal thoughts and post-traumatic stress disorder. Respondents were asked what they thought was wrong with the person, and reported on their first-aid intentions and beliefs, which were scored for quality of the responses.Results.Accurate labelling of the mental disorder was associated with more helpful first-aid intentions and beliefs across vignettes, except for the intention to listen non-judgementally in the psychosis vignette.Conclusions.Findings suggest that community education programmes that improve accurate psychiatric label use may have the potential to improve the first-aid responses young people provide to their peers, although caution is required in the case of psychosis.

Contribution of mental ill health during military service to postservice benefit claims in the UK

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-107050
Author(s):  
Howard Burdett ◽  
Nicola T Fear ◽  
Simon Wessely ◽  
Neil Greenberg ◽  
Roberto J Rona
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Civilian Life ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
The Uk

ObjectivesWhile most UK military personnel transition successfully into civilian life, some experience unemployment and disability, which may be partly attributable to in-service factors. This study aims to determine the degree to which in-service mental health problems impact on postservice benefit claims.MethodsUsing data from a cohort of 5598 recent leavers from regular service in the UK Armed Forces linked with data from the Department for Work and Pensions, we assessed associations between in-service mental health and postservice benefit claims, and the population attributable fraction (PAF) of benefit claims related to in-service mental health. An analysis with postservice mental ill health as mediator was performed to determine the degree to which the observed effects were a consequence of persistent illness, as opposed to remitted.ResultsMental illness occurring in-service predicted both unemployment and disability claims, partly mediated by postservice health (23%–52% total effects mediated), but alcohol misuse did not. Common mental disorder (CMD) (PAF 0.07, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.11) and probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (PAF 0.05, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.09) contributed to unemployment claims. Probable PTSD was the largest contributor to disability claims (PAF 0.25, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.36), with a smaller contribution from CMD (PAF 0.16, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.27).ConclusionsIn-service mental ill health gives rise to benefit claims. These effects are only partly mediated by postservice mental health, implying that in-service (or pre-service) mental issues have carry-over effects into civilian life even if remitted. Better prevention and treatment of in-service PTSD symptoms may well reduce postservice disability claims.

Health promotion and mental health

2018 ◽  
pp. 141-172
Author(s):  
Colin Palfrey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Promotion ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Scottish Health Survey ◽  
Promotion Strategies ◽  
Mental Health Foundation ◽  
The Uk

This chapter examines health promotion campaigns and policies designed to raise the profile of mental health, and more specifically to help those suffering from mental illness. It begins with an overview of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, eating disorders, and personality disorders. It then considers the NHS policy on mental health; the mental health promotion strategies in the UK, including the Scottish Health Survey of 2016, the All Wales Mental Health Promotion Network, and the Mental Health Foundation report in Northern Ireland; the implications of the coexistence of physical and mental illness for policy makers and practitioners; and mental health charities such as Anxiety UK, Centre for Mental Health, Rethink Mental Illness, SANE and Time to Change. The chapter also discusses various mental health promotion strategies throughout the UK, locations for mental health promotion, and economic evaluations of mental health promotion.

scholarly journals A socially patterned Biological Health Score and mortality in Understanding Society and UKBiobank

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chadeau-Hyam ◽  
M Karimi ◽  
R Castagné ◽  
B Bodinier ◽  
C Delpierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Health Score ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Biological Health ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Disease Specific ◽  
Physiological Systems

Abstract Background It now established that social factors impact the quality of ageing, through the lifecourse stimulation/dysregulation of key physiological systems. Composite scores such as allostatic load, focusing on the response to stress, can be used to measure individual physiological wear-and-tear. Methods Using data from the Understanding Society study, a cross-sectional panel study including 9,088 participants representative of the UK population, we defined a synthetic biological health score (BHS) capturing the wear-and-tear of four physiological systems (endocrine, inflammatory, cardiovascular, and metabolic systems), and of two key organs (liver and kidney). We used 16 established blood-derived biomarkers of these systems to calculate the BHS and explored the relative contribution of socio-economic position to the BHS and its main components across age groups. Using data from UK biobank, including over 400,000 UK participants in whom similar biomarkers have been assayed in blood, we sought validation of our results and investigated the role of the BHS on all-cause and disease specific mortality, and disease incidence. Results We identified a systematic decreasing education-related gradient of the BHS (p < 0·001) leading to lower biological risk in participants with higher educational attainment. Education-related differences in the BHS were detected early in life, and were not attributable to lifestyle and behavioural factors. Analyses of the UK biobank data validated these findings and also showed that the BHS contributed in turn, irrespective of established health risk factors, to all-cause and disease specific mortality. Interpretation Our findings highlight the social-to-biological processes ultimately leading to health inequalities, and suggest that such disparities can already be detected in the 20-40 year age group.

scholarly journals Diet, Sleep, and Mental Health: Insights from the UK Biobank Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2573
Author(s):  
Piril Hepsomali ◽  
John A. Groeger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Symptomatology ◽  
The Uk

Diet has long been the focus of attention as a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases. As such, a better understanding of it is crucial to establish priorities for dietary guidelines and to inform, design, and implement strategies for preventing, helping manage, and stopping the progression of sleep and mental health-related symptoms/disorders. The aim of the current study is to conduct the largest investigation of diet, sleep, and mental health to date by utilizing the UK Biobank (UKB) dataset to identify the associations between diet and (i) sleep quality/health, and (ii) mental health symptomatology. This cross-sectional population-based study involved 502,494 middle-aged adults. UKB food frequency, sleep, and psychological factors and mental health questionnaires at baseline were used. Scores were also calculated for healthy diet, healthy sleep, mental health symptomatology, partial fibre intake, and milk intake. We observed positive associations with healthy diet and sleep and mental health, especially benefits of high intakes of vegetable, fruit, fish, water, and fibre. However, processed meat and milk intake were adversely associated with sleep and mental health. These findings make clear that there are health and wellbeing benefits and drawbacks of different diets, but do not, at this stage, demonstrate the clear causal relationships, which would support dietary interventions that might play a role in the treatment and also self-management of sleep and mental health disorders/symptoms. Further research is required to understand mechanisms of actions of which diet acts on to modulate sleep and mental health, while taking comorbidity of sleep and mental health disorders/symptoms into consideration.

scholarly journals RETRACTED – Mental health in UK Biobank: development, implementation and results from an online questionnaire completed by 157 366 participants

BJPsych Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina A. S. Davis ◽  
Jonathan R. I. Coleman ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Naomi Allen ◽  
Gerome Breen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Expert Witness ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Mental Health Questionnaire

Background UK Biobank is a well-characterised cohort of over 500 000 participants that offers unique opportunities to investigate multiple diseases and risk factors. Aims An online mental health questionnaire completed by UK Biobank participants was expected to expand the potential for research into mental disorders. Method An expert working group designed the questionnaire, using established measures where possible, and consulting with a patient group regarding acceptability. Case definitions were defined using operational criteria for lifetime depression, mania, anxiety disorder, psychotic-like experiences and self-harm, as well as current post-traumatic stress and alcohol use disorders. Results 157 366 completed online questionnaires were available by August 2017. Comparison of self-reported diagnosed mental disorder with a contemporary study shows a similar prevalence, despite respondents being of higher average socioeconomic status than the general population across a range of indicators. Thirty-five per cent (55 750) of participants had at least one defined syndrome, of which lifetime depression was the most common at 24% (37 434). There was extensive comorbidity among the syndromes. Mental disorders were associated with high neuroticism score, adverse life events and long-term illness; addiction and bipolar affective disorder in particular were associated with measures of deprivation. Conclusions The questionnaire represents a very large mental health survey in itself, and the results presented here show high face validity, although caution is needed owing to selection bias. Built into UK Biobank, these data intersect with other health data to offer unparalleled potential for crosscutting biomedical research involving mental health. Declaration of interest G.B. received grants from the National Institute for Health Research during the study; and support from Illumina Ltd. and the European Commission outside the submitted work. B.C. received grants from the Scottish Executive Chief Scientist Office and from The Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation during the study. C.S. received grants from the Medical Research Council and Wellcome Trust during the study, and is the Chief Scientist for UK Biobank. M.H. received grants from the Innovative Medicines Initiative via the RADAR-CNS programme and personal fees as an expert witness outside the submitted work.

Income-related inequality in mental health in Britain: the concentration index approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1037-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSHNI MANGALORE ◽  
MARTIN KNAPP ◽  
RACHEL JENKINS
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Demographic Composition ◽  
Related Inequality ◽  
Income Related Inequality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk

Background. Reduction of health inequalities is a major policy goal in the UK. While there is general recognition of the disadvantaged position of people with mental health problems, the extent of inequality, particularly the association with socio-economic characteristics, has not been widely studied. We aimed to measure income-related inequality in the distribution of psychiatric disorders and to compare with inequality in other health domains.Method. The concentration index (CI) approach was used to examine income-related inequality in mental health using data from the Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2000 for Britain.Results. There is marked inequality unfavourable to lower income groups with respect to mental health disorders. The extent of inequality increases with the severity of problems, with the greatest inequality observed for psychosis. Income-related inequality for psychiatric disorders is higher than for general health in the UK. Standardized CIs suggest that these inequalities are not due to the demographic composition of the income quintiles.Conclusions. Income-related inequalities exist in mental health in Britain. As much of the observed inequality is probably due to factors associated with income and not due to the demographic composition of the income quintiles, it may be that these inequalities are potentially ‘avoidable’.

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