Endoscopic cyst gastrostomy for traumatic pancreatic pseudocysts in children: a case series

BackgroundPancreatic pseudocysts may develop after high-grade pancreatic injuries in children. Many resolve without intervention, and the management of symptomatic pseudocysts that persist remains controversial, with various open, percutaneous and laparoscopic approaches to intervention described. Successful endoscopic cyst gastrostomy has been reported in children with pancreatic pseudocysts of mixed etiology.MethodsThe trauma registry and electronic medical record of a level 1 pediatric trauma center were queried for children with a symptomatic pseudocyst following pancreatic trauma over a 12-year period, from 2008 to 2019.ResultsWe describe a case series of five consecutive children with persistent symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts following blunt abdominal trauma all successfully treated with endoscopic cyst gastrostomy.DiscussionEndoscopic cyst gastrostomy appears to be safe and effective in the management of symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts in children following pancreatic trauma.Level of evidence5 – retrospective case series.

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Seasonal Trends in Operative Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus and Femoral Shaft Fractures at a Pediatric Level 1 Trauma Center

International Journal of Orthopaedics Research ◽

10.33140/ijor.04.02.05 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Trauma Center ◽

Pediatric Trauma ◽

Case Series ◽

Femoral Shaft ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Census Methods ◽

Level 1 ◽

Level 1 Trauma Center

Background: Supracondylar humerus (SCHF) and femoral shaft (FSF) fractures are two common injuries at pediatric trauma centers. While anecdotally we see an increase in injuries with warmer weather, the purpose of this study was to objectively describe the seasonal variation in these operative fractures, and their relative burden on hospital census. Methods: We performed an IRB-approved, retrospective review of 1626 SCHF and 601 FSF treated operatively from 2013-2018 at a single level 1 pediatric trauma center. Dates of injury were categorized with hospital census information, and temperature and precipitation data were obtained through the National Weather Service. Results: For every 10º F increase in temperature, there was a 5% increased likelihood of FSF (p=0.048) and a 26% increased likelihood of SCHF (p=<0.0001). FSF were less likely to occur on weekdays than weekends (OR 0.59, p<0.0001) and less likely to occur on days with precipitation (OR 0.41, p= 0.03). SCHF demonstrated no significant weekly or precipitation-related trends. SCHF represent a significantly larger burden on orthopedic volume during summer months. The ratio of operative FSF relative to the total orthopedic volume per month did not correlate with season. Conclusions: As often anecdotally reported, SCHF volumes mirror temperature variations annually. FSF appear to have more complex trends, with increased incidence on weekends regardless of season. Geographic variation in weather contributes strongly to pediatric trauma volume, and the ability to forecast a hospital system’s operative fracture volume allows for responsible resource allocation during key periods. Level of Evidence: Retrospective case series, Level IV

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Lateral open wedge calcaneus osteotomy with bony allograft augmentation in adult acquired flatfoot deformity. Clinical and radiological results

European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology ◽

10.1007/s00590-021-02888-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriele Colo’ ◽

Mattia Alessio Mazzola ◽

Giulio Pilone ◽

Giacomo Dagnino ◽

Lamberto Felli

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Case Series ◽

Deformity Correction ◽

Tibialis Posterior ◽

Open Wedge ◽

Foot And Ankle ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity

Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of patients underwent lateral open wedge calcaneus osteotomy with bony allograft augmentation combined with tibialis posterior and tibialis anterior tenodesis. Twenty-two patients underwent adult-acquired flatfoot deformity were retrospectively evaluated with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Radiographic preoperative and final comparison of tibio-calcaneal angle, talo–first metatarsal and calcaneal pitch angles have been performed. The Visual Analog Scale, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score, the Foot and Ankle Disability Index and the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure were used for subjective and functional assessment. The instrumental range of motion has been also assessed at latest follow-up evaluation and compared with preoperative value. There was a significant improvement of final mean values of clinical scores (p < 0.001). Nineteen out of 22 (86.4%) patients resulted very satisfied or satisfied for the clinical result. There was a significant improvement of the radiographic parameters (p < 0.001). There were no differences between preoperative and final values of range of motion. One failure occurred 7 years after surgery. Adult-acquired flatfoot deformity correction demonstrated good mid-term results and low recurrence and complications rate. Level of evidence Level 4, retrospective case series.

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Plafond Malreduction and Talar Dome Impaction Accelerates Arthrosis After Supination-Adduction Ankle Fracture

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/10711007211006032 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107110072110060

Author(s):

Michael F. Githens ◽

Malcolm R. DeBaun ◽

Kimberly A Jacobsen ◽

Hunter Ross ◽

Reza Firoozabadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Series ◽

High Energy ◽

Ankle Fractures ◽

Posttraumatic Arthritis ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Radiographic Findings ◽

Posttraumatic Arthrosis ◽

Patient Reported

Background: Supination-adduction (SAD) type II ankle fractures can have medial tibial plafond and talar body impaction. Factors associated with the development of posttraumatic arthritis can be intrinsic to the injury pattern or mitigated by the surgeon. We hypothesize that plafond malreducton and talar body impaction is associated with early posttraumatic arthrosis. Methods: A retrospective cohort of skeletally mature patients with SAD ankle fractures at 2 level 1 academic trauma centers who underwent operative fixation were identified. Patients with a minimum of 1-year follow-up were included. The presence of articular impaction identified on CT scan was recorded and the quality of reduction on final intraoperative radiographs was assessed. The primary outcome was radiographic ankle arthrosis (Kellgren-Lawrence 3 or 4), and postoperative complications were documented. Results: A total of 175 SAD ankle fractures were identified during a 10-year period; 79 patients with 1-year follow-up met inclusion criteria. The majority of injuries resulted from a high-energy mechanism. Articular impaction was present in 73% of injuries, and 23% of all patients had radiographic arthrosis (Kellgren-Lawrence 3 or 4) at final follow-up. Articular malreduction, defined by either a gap or step >2 mm, was significantly associated with development of arthrosis. Early treatment failure, infection, and nonunion was rare in this series. Conclusion: Malreduction of articular impaction in SAD ankle fractures is associated with early posttraumatic arthrosis. Recognition and anatomic restoration with stable fixation of articular impaction appears to mitigate risk of posttraumatic arthrosis. Investigations correlating postoperative and long-term radiographic findings to patient-reported outcomes after operative treatment of SAD ankle fractures are warranted. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.

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Clinical Outcomes of Percutaneous Plantar Fasciotomy Using Microdebrider Coblation Wand

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/1071100719883266 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 187-192

Author(s):

Ricardo E. Colberg ◽

Monte Ketchum ◽

Avani Javer ◽

Monika Drogosz ◽

Melissa Gomez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conservative Treatment ◽

Plantar Fasciitis ◽

Case Series ◽

Successful Outcome ◽

Oral Steroid ◽

Tarsal Tunnel ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Plantar Fasciotomy

Background: Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain in adults. Multiple conservative treatment plans exist; however, some cases do not obtain significant clinical improvement with conservative treatment and require further intervention. This retrospective case study evaluated the success rate of percutaneous plantar fasciotomy and confounding comorbidities that negatively affect outcomes. Methods: A series of 41 patients treated with percutaneous plantar fasciotomy using the Topaz EZ microdebrider coblation wand were invited to participate in this retrospective follow-up study, and 88% ( N = 36) participated. A limited chart review was completed and the patients answered a survey with the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) questionnaire. Average outcomes were calculated and 45 variables were analyzed to determine if they were statistically significant confounders. Patients had symptoms for an average of 3 years before the procedure and were contacted for follow-up at an average of 14 months after the procedure. Results: The average VAS for pain score was 1.3 ± 1.8 and the average FAAM score was 92 ± 15. Eighty-nine percent of patients had a successful outcome, defined as FAAM greater than 75. In addition, patients at 18 months postprocedure reported complete or near-complete resolution of symptoms with an FAAM score greater than 97. Concurrent foot pathologies (eg, tarsal tunnel syndrome), oral steroid treatment prior to the procedure, and immobilization with a boot prior to the procedure were statistically significant negative confounders ( P < .05). Being an athlete was a positive confounder ( P = .02). Conclusion: Percutaneous plantar fasciotomy using a microdebrider coblation was an effective treatment for plantar fasciitis, particularly without concurrent foot pathology, with a low risk of complications. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.

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Incidence and Risk Factors of Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism Following Foot and Ankle Surgery

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/1071100718794851 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 98-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Johanna Marie Richey ◽

Miranda Lucia Ritterman Weintraub ◽

John M. Schuberth

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hormone Replacement ◽

Case Series ◽

Foot And Ankle ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Ankle Surgery ◽

History Of ◽

Low Incidence ◽

Predictive Risk

Background: The incidence rate of venous thrombotic events (VTEs) following foot and ankle surgery is low. Currently, there is no consensus regarding postoperative prophylaxis or evidence to support risk stratification. Methods: A 2-part study assessing the incidence and factors for the development of VTE was conducted: (1) a retrospective observational cohort study of 22 486 adults to calculate the overall incidence following foot and/or ankle surgery from January 2008 to May 2011 and (2) a retrospective matched case-control study to identify risk factors for development of VTE postsurgery. One control per VTE case matched on age and sex was randomly selected from the remaining patients. Results: The overall incidence of VTE was 0.9%. Predictive risk factors in bivariate analyses included obesity, history of VTE, history of trauma, use of hormonal replacement or oral contraception therapy, anatomic location of surgery, procedure duration 60 minutes or more, general anesthesia, postoperative nonweightbearing immobilization greater than 2 weeks, and use of anticoagulation. When significant variables from bivariate analyses were placed into the multivariable regression model, 4 remained statistically significant: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for obesity, 6.1; history of VTE, 15.7; use of hormone replacement therapy, 8.9; and postoperative nonweightbearing immobilization greater than 2 weeks, 9.0. The risk of VTE increased significantly with 3 or more risk factors ( P = .001). Conclusion: The overall low incidence of VTE following foot and ankle surgery does not support routine prophylaxis for all patients. Among patients with 3 or more risk factors, the use of chemoprophylaxis may be warranted. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective case series.

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Radiographic Correlation of Hallux MP Fusion Position and Plate Angle

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.3113/fai.2009.0873 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (9) ◽

pp. 873-876 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. Thaddeus Leaseburg ◽

James K. DeOrio ◽

Shane A. Shapiro

Keyword(s):

Weight Bearing ◽

Proximal Phalanx ◽

Case Series ◽

Statistical Correlation ◽

Titanium Plate ◽

Care Needs ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Lower Correlation ◽

Proper Weight

Background: This study assessed the variability of plate bend in regard to final metatarsophalangeal (MP) fusion angles and toe-to-floor distance. We hypothesized that the final MP angle, the angle of the proximal phalanx to the floor, and the weightbearing toe-to-floor distance would be dictated solely by the magnitude of the bend in the plate. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 35 sequential patients who underwent MP fusion with a low-contour titanium plate. Postoperative weightbearing radiographs were analyzed for plate angle, MP fusion angle, the angle of the proximal phalanx to the floor, and the weightbearing toe-to-floor distance. Results: We found statistical correlation between plate angle and MP angle and between plate angle and the angle of the proximal phalanx to the floor. However, there was low correlation between plate angle and with toe-to-floor distance. In addition, we noted many outliers, which resulted in higher or lower correlation of the MP angle to the expected plate angle and, thus, a relationship between angles that was far from linear. Conclusion: Care needs to be taken when relying solely on the bend in the plate to determine the final position of the toe in MP fusions. Although the association between plate bend and MP angle and proximal phalanx to floor angle was strong, the association between the bend in the plate and weight bearing toe-to-floor distance was variable. This could result in the toe hitting the shoe or the need to vault over the toe. Therefore, the surgeon must match the plate to each patient's anatomy to ensure proper weight bearing toe-to-floor distance and not rely on plate angle exclusively. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series

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First-Tarsometatarsal Joint Alignment After First-Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis for Hallux Valgus

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/24730114211008514 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 247301142110085

Author(s):

Christopher Traynor ◽

James Jastifer

Keyword(s):

Hallux Valgus ◽

Case Series ◽

Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

First Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽

First Metatarsal ◽

Metatarsal Angle ◽

Medial Cuneiform ◽

Radiographic Alignment

Background: Instability of the first-tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint has been proposed as a cause of hallux valgus. Although there is literature demonstrating how first-TMT arthrodesis affects hallux valgus, there is little published on how correction of hallux valgus affects the first-TMT joint alignment. The purpose of this study was to determine if correction of hallux valgus impacts the first-TMT alignment and congruency. Improvement in alignment would provide evidence that hallux valgus contributes to first-TMT instability. Our hypothesis was that correcting hallux valgus angle (HVA) would have no effect on the first-TMT alignment and congruency. Methods: Radiographs of patients who underwent first-MTP joint arthrodesis for hallux valgus were retrospectively reviewed. The HVA, 1-2 intermetatarsal angle (IMA), first metatarsal–medial cuneiform angle (1MCA), medial cuneiform–first metatarsal angle (MC1A), relative cuneiform slope (RCS), and distal medial cuneiform angle (DMCA) were measured and recorded for all patients preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: Of the 76 feet that met inclusion criteria, radiographic improvements were noted in HVA (23.6 degrees, P < .0001), 1-2 IMA (6.2 degrees, P < .0001), 1MCA (6.4 degrees, P < .0001), MC1A (6.5 degrees, P < .0001), and RCS (3.3 degrees, P = .001) comparing preoperative and postoperative radiographs. There was no difference noted with DMCA measurements (0.5 degrees, P = .53). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the radiographic alignment and subluxation of the first-TMT joint will reduce with isolated treatment of the first-MTP joint. Evidence suggests that change in the HVA can affect radiographic alignment and subluxation of the first-TMT joint. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.

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Assessment and Trends in the Methodological Quality of the Top 50 Most Cited Articles in Shoulder Instability

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967120967082 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 232596712096708

Author(s):

Avinesh Agarwalla ◽

Kaisen Yao ◽

Anirudh K. Gowd ◽

Nirav H. Amin ◽

J. Martin Leland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

Shoulder Instability ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Surgical Techniques ◽

Case Series ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Citations

Background: Citation counts have often been used as a surrogate for the scholarly impact of a particular study, but they do not necessarily correlate with higher-quality investigations. In recent decades, much of the literature regarding shoulder instability is focused on surgical techniques to correct bone loss and prevent recurrence. Purpose: To determine (1) the top 50 most cited articles in shoulder instability and (2) if there is a correlation between the number of citations and level of evidence or methodological quality. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A literature search was performed on both the Scopus and the Web of Science databases to determine the top 50 most cited articles in shoulder instability between 1985 and 2019. The search terms used included “shoulder instability,” “humeral defect,” and “glenoid bone loss.” Methodological scores were calculated using the Modified Coleman Methodology Score (MCMS), Jadad scale, and Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) score. Results: The mean number of citations and mean citation density were 222.7 ± 123.5 (range, 124-881.5) and 16.0 ± 7.9 (range, 6.9-49.0), respectively. The most common type of study represented was the retrospective case series (evidence level, 4; n = 16; 32%) The overall mean MCMS, Jadad score, and MINORS score were 61.1 ± 10.1, 1.4 ± 0.9, and 16.0 ± 3.0, respectively. There were also no correlations found between mean citations or citation density versus each of the methodological quality scores. Conclusion: The list of top 50 most cited articles in shoulder instability comprised studies with low-level evidence and low methodological quality. Higher-quality study methodology does not appear to be a significant factor in whether studies are frequently cited in the literature.

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Loss of Correction After Chevron Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus as a Function of Preoperative Deformity

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/1071100718807699 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 287-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Gerhard Kaufmann ◽

Stefanie Sinz ◽

Johannes M. Giesinger ◽

Matthias Braito ◽

Rainer Biedermann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hallux Valgus ◽

Case Series ◽

X Rays ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Loss Of Correction ◽

Chevron Osteotomy ◽

Significant Correction ◽

Preoperative Deformity

Background: Recurrence is relatively common after surgical correction of hallux valgus. Multiple factors are discussed that could have an influence in the loss of correction. The aim of this study was to determine preoperative radiological factors with an influence on loss of correction after distal chevron osteotomy for hallux valgus. Methods: Five hundred twenty-four patients who underwent the correction of a hallux valgus by means of distal chevron osteotomy at our institution between 2002 and 2012 were included. We assessed weightbearing x-rays at 4 time points: preoperatively, postoperatively, and after 6 weeks and 3 months. We investigated the intermetatarsal angle (IMA), the hallux valgus angle (HVA), the distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), joint congruity, and the position of the sesamoids. Results: At all points of the survey, significant correction of the IMA and HVA was detected. The IMA improved from 12.9 (± 2.8) to 4.5 (± 2.4) degrees and the HVA from 27.5 (± 6.9) to 9.1 (± 5.3) degrees. Loss of correction was found in both HVA and IMA during follow-up with a mean of 4.5 and 1.9 degrees, respectively. Loss of correction showed a linear correlation with preoperative IMA and HVA, and a correlation between preoperative DMAA and sesamoid position. Conclusion: The chevron osteotomy showed significant correction for HVA, IMA, and DMAA. Preoperative deformity, in terms of IMA, HVA, DMAA, and sesamoid position, correlated with the loss of correction and could be assessed preoperatively for HVA and IMA. Loss of correction at 3 months persisted during the follow-up period. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.

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