scholarly journals Further description of bovine tuberculosis trends in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, 2003–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 183 (23) ◽  
pp. 717-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J More ◽  
Erik Houtsma ◽  
Liam Doyle ◽  
Guy McGrath ◽  
Tracy A Clegg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
High Risk Area ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Low Prevalence

Extending on earlier work, trends in bovine tuberculosis (bTB) from 2003 to 2015 are described for the countries of the UK and the Republic of Ireland using standardised definitions and measures. Based on measures of animal and herd incidence, there remains a stable situation of extremely low prevalence in Scotland and the Low Risk Area of England, and a higher but ongoing reduction in prevalence in the Republic of Ireland. In Northern Ireland, there has been a rising bTB trend during 2010–2015, although not to levels experienced during 2002–2004. In the High Risk Area and Edge Area of England during 2010–2015, the rising bTB trends have continued but with some recent evidence of stabilisation. In Wales, prevalence has fallen subsequent to a peak in 2008. The paper considers country-level differences in the light of key policy changes, which are presented in detail. This work is unique, and will assist policymakers when critically evaluating policy options for effective control and eradication. Ongoing updates of this analysis would be useful, providing an evidence base for country-level comparison of bTB trends into the future. The use of multivariable analytical methods should be considered, but will rely on substantial sharing of raw data across the five countries.

Bovine tuberculosis trends in the UK and the Republic of Ireland, 1995–2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 172 (12) ◽  
pp. 312-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Abernethy ◽  
P. Upton ◽  
I. M. Higgins ◽  
G. McGrath ◽  
A. V. Goodchild ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals May Measurement Month 2018: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from the UK and the Republic of Ireland

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_H) ◽  
pp. H132-H134
Author(s):  
Barry J McDonnell ◽  
Thomas Beaney ◽  
Mahfoudha Al Shezawi ◽  
John R Cockcroft ◽  
Carolina Barciela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Significant Public Health Concern ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Raised blood pressure (BP) was the biggest contributor to the global burden of disease in 2017, with lack of awareness and adequate control of BP identified as the main drivers of this disease burden. In 2017, an opportunistic BP screening and awareness campaign called May Measurement Month (MMM) in the UK and Republic of Ireland (RoI) highlighted that levels of undiagnosed hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension in the community screened were approximately 23% and 40%, respectively. MMM18 was undertaken to further the campaign’s efforts to increase awareness and create an evidence base of population risk associated with high BP. MMM18 BP screenings were conducted in the community at places of worship, supermarkets, GP surgeries, workplaces, community pharmacies, gyms, and various other public places. A total of 5000 volunteers, aged 47.3 (±17.2) years, 60% female were screened. Of all 5000 individuals screened, 1716 (34.3%) were hypertensive, of which only 51.3% were aware of their condition, 42.8% on antihypertensive treatment, and only 51.5% of those on medication controlled to target BP of <140/90 mmHg. Furthermore, obese, overweight, and underweight participants all had significantly higher BP values compared to individuals with a healthy body mass index (BMI). The 2018 MMM campaign in the UK and the RoI confirmed approximately one in three adults were hypertensive, with more than half having uncontrolled BP. In addition, these findings show that people with low BMI are at risk of having high BP. Finally, with only one in two people aware of their high BP, awareness remains a significant public health concern.

A practical example of an open disclosure process for people with intellectual disabilities in the Republic of Ireland

2021 ◽  
pp. 174462952110189
Author(s):  
Feabhra Mullally ◽  
Deirdre Corby
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Open Disclosure ◽  
The Usa ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
The Uk

Literature pertaining to open disclosure predominantly refers to acute care settings; this is the case in, for example, the UK, Republic of Ireland, Australia, Korea and the USA. There is, however, a dearth of literature regarding open disclosure related to people with intellectual disabilities. A practice example of open disclosure is presented here, following a serious adverse event in an organisation supporting adults with intellectual disabilities. The aim of the process was to openly disclose in a meaningful way to adults with significant intellectual disabilities and communication difficulties. An apology pathway was developed by a multidisciplinary team based on individual communication needs. A suite of resources was developed including easy read-picture agendas and sign language to support increased understanding of the apology. Service users received the apology first, followed by meetings with their families. This practice example has positive implications for service providers for people with intellectual disabilities.

scholarly journals Retrospective screening of routine respiratory samples revealed undetected community transmission and missed intervention opportunities for SARS-CoV-2 in the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph G. Chappell ◽  
Theocharis Tsoleridis ◽  
Gemma Clark ◽  
Louise Berry ◽  
Nadine Holmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
High Risk Area ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Archival Specimens

In the early phases of the SARS coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, testing focused on individuals fitting a strict case definition involving a limited set of symptoms together with an identified epidemiological risk, such as contact with an infected individual or travel to a high-risk area. To assess whether this impaired our ability to detect and control early introductions of the virus into the UK, we PCR-tested archival specimens collected on admission to a large UK teaching hospital who retrospectively were identified as having a clinical presentation compatible with COVID-19. In addition, we screened available archival specimens submitted for respiratory virus diagnosis, and dating back to early January 2020, for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Our data provides evidence for widespread community circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in early February 2020 and into March that was undetected at the time due to restrictive case definitions informing testing policy. Genome sequence data showed that many of these early cases were infected with a distinct lineage of the virus. Sequences obtained from the first officially recorded case in Nottinghamshire - a traveller returning from Daegu, South Korea – also clustered with these early UK sequences suggesting acquisition of the virus occurred in the UK and not Daegu. Analysis of a larger sample of sequences obtained in the Nottinghamshire area revealed multiple viral introductions, mainly in late February and through March. These data highlight the importance of timely and extensive community testing to prevent future widespread transmission of the virus.

scholarly journals Wound botulism in injectors of drugs: upsurge in cases in England during 2004

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 5-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Akbulut ◽  
J Dennis ◽  
M Gent ◽  
K A Grant ◽  
V Hope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽  
Type A ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Wound Botulism ◽  
Geographical Clustering ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Uk

Wound infections due to Clostridium botulinum were not recognised in the UK and Republic of Ireland before 2000. C. botulinum produces a potent neurotoxin which can cause paralysis and death. In 2000 and 2001, ten cases were clinically recognised, with a further 23 in 2002, 15 in 2003 and 40 cases in 2004. All cases occurred in heroin injectors. Seventy cases occurred in England; the remainder occurred in Scotland (12 cases), Wales (2 cases) and the Republic of Ireland (4 cases). Overall, 40 (45%) of the 88 cases were laboratory confirmed by the detection of botulinum neurotoxin in serum, or by the isolation of C. botulinum from wounds. Of the 40 cases in 2004, 36 occurred in England, and of the 12 that were laboratory confirmed, 10 were due to type A. There was some geographical clustering of the cases during 2004, with most cases occurring in London and in the Yorkshire and Humberside region of northeast England.

Northern Ireland and ‘Ulster Nationalism’

2020 ◽  
pp. 186-201
Author(s):  
David Torrance
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Free State ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Irish Free State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Uk

Many analysts of the politics of Northern Ireland have argued that there exists some form of ‘Ulster nationalism’, particularly among Ulster Unionists. After 1886, when Gladstone promised Home Rule for Ireland, Unionists fashioned an Ulster identity predicated on Protestantism and ‘loyalty’ to the British Crown. This was contrasted with the ‘disloyalty’ of Catholics in what would become the Republic of Ireland. This form of ‘nationalist unionism’ was more ethnic in character than the civic variety which existed in Scotland and Wales. It too contained contradictions, not least its suspicion of Westminster and paranoia as to the intentions of successive UK governments towards the constitutional status of Northern Ireland. At various points after 1921, some Ulster Unionists even toyed with the idea of Northern Ireland becoming a ‘Dominion’ (like the Irish Free State) or else pursuing some other form of ‘independence’ from the UK.

scholarly journals The College: an analysis of members' views

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Kendell ◽  
R. Duffett
Keyword(s):  
British Journal ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Large Random Sample ◽  
The Uk ◽  
And Training

Aims and methodIn November 1997 a questionnaire was sent to a large random sample of members, fellows, affiliates and inceptors living in the UK or the Republic of Ireland.ResultsOne thousand four hundred and seventy-six completed questionnaires were available for analysis, a response rate of 63%. The College was complemented for raising standards of education and training in psychiatry and criticised for not trying hard enough, or failing, to influence the policies of the Department of Health. A high proportion of respondents highly valued the British Journal of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Bulletin but few made use of the library. A high percentage of Irish, Welsh and Scottish members, and of members of the five smaller faculties, participated in and expressed their appreciation of the activities of the College.ImplicationsWhatever its other failings the College is not dominated by general psychiatrists and their interests, or by London-based psychiatrists. It is surprisingly successful at involving Scottish, Welsh and Irish psychiatrists, and members of the smaller faculties, in its activities. To some extent, however, the faculties are thriving at the expense of the English divisions.

scholarly journals The Personal Implications of the Referendum Results for (German) EU Citizens Living in the UK

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (S1) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Jule Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Country Of Birth ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Status ◽  
The Eu

According the Office for National Statistics' 2014 estimate, 300,000 UK residents were born in Germany and 131,000 are German nationals. This makes them the fifth biggest group of immigrants in the UK by country of birth—preceded only by people born in India, Poland, Pakistan and the Republic of Ireland— and the twelfth largest group of immigrants in terms of nationality. Thus, although Brexit's rhetoric against immigration has not directly targeted Germans, a large number will be affected by the UK's changing relationship with the EU. Just as for other EU citizens, their future status in the UK is all but certain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document