scholarly journals Heterogeneous effects of old age on human muscle oxidative capacity in vivo: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1137-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam F. Fitzgerald ◽  
Anita D. Christie ◽  
Jane A. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Study Results

Despite intensive efforts to understand the extent to which skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity changes in older humans, the answer to this important question remains unclear. To determine what the preponderance of evidence from in vivo studies suggests, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of age on muscle oxidative capacity as measured noninvasively by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A secondary aim was to examine potential moderators contributing to differences in results across studies, including muscle group, physical activity status, and sex. Candidate papers were identified from PubMed searches (n = 3561 papers) and the reference lists of relevant papers. Standardized effects (Hedges’ g) were calculated for age and each moderator using data from the 22 studies that met the inclusion criteria (n = 28 effects). Effects were coded as positive when older (age, ≥55 years) adults had higher muscle oxidative capacity than younger (age, 20–45 years) adults. The overall effect of age on oxidative capacity was positive (g = 0.171, p < 0.001), indicating modestly greater oxidative capacity in old. Notably, there was significant heterogeneity in this result (Q = 245.8, p < 0.001; I2 = ∼70%–90%). Muscle group, physical activity, and sex were all significant moderators of oxidative capacity (p ≤ 0.029). This analysis indicates that the current body of literature does not support a de facto decrease of in vivo muscle oxidative capacity in old age. The heterogeneity of study results and identification of significant moderators provide clarity regarding apparent discrepancies in the literature, and indicate the importance of accounting for these variables when examining purported age-related differences in muscle oxidative capacity.

scholarly journals THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MODERATE-TO-VIGOROUS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MUSCLE OXIDATIVE CAPACITY IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S84-S85
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Adelnia ◽  
Jacek Urbanek ◽  
Yusuke Osawa ◽  
Michelle Shardell ◽  
Eleanor M Simonsick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Age-related decline in muscle oxidative capacity negatively affects muscle function and mobility, which may lead to disability and frailty. Whether exercise and other life-style practices reduce age-related decline in muscle oxidative capacity is unclear. We assessed whether, after accounting for age, higher daily physical activity levels are associated with greater muscle oxidative capacity. Participants included 384 adults (54.7% women) aged 22 to 92 years from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Muscle oxidative capacity was measured in vivo using phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We determined the time constant for phosphocreatine recovery (τPCr, in seconds) after exercise, with lower values of τPCr reflecting greater oxidative capacity. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed using accelerometers that participants wore for 5.9 ± 0.9 consecutive days in the free-living environment. In linear regression models, older age was associated with higher τPCr (β = 0.39, p-value &lt;.001) after adjusting for sex, race, height and weight. After including MVPA as an independent variable, the standardized regression coefficient for age was attenuated by 40% to 0.22. p-value &lt;.001). MVPA was strongly associated with lower τPCr (β = -0.33, p-value &lt;.001) after adjusting for health status, education and smoking history and was only attenuated by 3% after additional adjustment for age. These results suggest that MVPA is strongly associated with muscle oxidative capacity independent of age, providing mechanistic insights into the health benefits of daily physical activity in older persons.

scholarly journals In vivo oxidative capacity varies with muscle and training status in young adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan G. Larsen ◽  
Damien M. Callahan ◽  
Stephen A. Foulis ◽  
Jane A. Kent-Braun
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Usage Patterns

It is well established that exercise training results in increased muscle oxidative capacity. Less is known about how oxidative capacities in distinct muscles, in the same individual, are affected by different levels of physical activity. We hypothesized that 1) trained individuals would have higher oxidative capacity than untrained individuals in both tibialis anterior (TA) and vastus lateralis (VL) and 2) oxidative capacity would be higher in TA than VL in untrained, but not in trained, individuals. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to measure the rate of phosphocreatine recovery ( kPCr), which reflects the rate of oxidative phosphorylation, following a maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the TA and VL in healthy untrained (7 women, 7 men, 25.7 ± 3.6 yr; mean ± SD) and trained (5 women, 7 men, 27.5 ± 3.4 yr) adults. Daily physical activity levels were measured using accelerometry. The trained group spent threefold more time (∼90 vs. ∼30 min/day; P < 0.001) in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Overall, kPCr was higher in VL than in TA ( P = 0.01) and higher in trained than in untrained participants ( P < 0.001). The relationship between kPCr and MVPA was more robust in VL ( r = 0.64, P = 0.001, n = 25) than in TA ( r = 0.38, P = 0.06, n = 25). These results indicate greater oxidative capacity in vivo in trained compared with untrained individuals in two distinct muscles of the lower limb and provide novel evidence of higher oxidative capacity in VL compared with TA in young humans, irrespective of training status. The basis for this difference is not known at this time but likely reflects a difference in usage patterns between the muscles.

Comparative analysis of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in children and adults: a 31P-MRS study

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 720-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Ratel ◽  
Anne Tonson ◽  
Yann Le Fur ◽  
Patrick Cozzone ◽  
David Bendahan
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor

The aim of the present study was to compare the oxidative capacity of the forearm flexor muscles in vivo between children and adults using 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Seven boys (11.7 ± 0.6 y) and 10 men (35.6 ± 7.8 year) volunteered to perform a 3 min dynamic finger flexions exercise against a standardized weight (15% of the maximal voluntary contraction). Muscle oxidative capacity was quantified on the basis of phosphocreatine (PCr) post-exercise recovery kinetics analysis. End-of-exercise pH was not significantly different between children and adults (6.6 ± 0.2 vs. 6.5 ± 0.2), indicating that indices of PCr recovery kinetics can be reliably compared. The rate constant of PCr recovery (kPCr) and the maximum rate of aerobic ATP production were about 2-fold higher in young boys than in men (kPCr: 1.7 ± 1.2 vs. 0.7 ± 0.2 min–1; Vmax: 49.7 ± 24.6 vs. 29.4 ± 7.9 mmol·L–1·min–1, p < 0.05). Our results clearly illustrate a greater mitochondrial oxidative capacity in the forearm flexor muscles of young children. This larger ATP regeneration capacity through aerobic mechanisms in children could be one of the factors accounting for their greater resistance to fatigue during high-intensity intermittent exercise.

scholarly journals The Tridirectional Relationship among Physical Activity, Stress, and Academic Performance in University Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Kathrin Wunsch ◽  
Janis Fiedler ◽  
Philip Bachert ◽  
Alexander Woll
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Study Results

Higher education students often suffer from physiological and psychological health problems caused by stress, which may negatively impact their academic performance (AP). Physical activity (PA) can be a promising strategy to buffer these stress-induced complaints. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to summarize evidence for the tridimensional construct of PA, stress, and AP, as well as to quantify the relationships among these variables. Five databases (PubMed, Scopus, SMEI, ERIC, and Web of Science) were systematically searched in November 2019 for publications that examined PA, stress, and AP of university students, without any restrictions regarding the publication period. The systematic review includes four original research studies with a moderate-to-high risk of bias. Results of included studies were narratively summarized and quantified in a meta-analysis using random effect models. Whereas study results point to a positive relation between PA and AP, relationships between PA and stress seem to be negative, while the relation between stress and AP is undecided. The meta-analysis found no significant associations and considerable heterogeneity of the results. Findings indicate a research gap concerning the connection of PA, stress, and AP in university students. Future studies should use validated measuring tools and consider the timepoint of data collection in order to extract truly stressful periods.

Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in young and older women and men

2000 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 1072-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane A. Kent-Braun ◽  
Alexander V. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Muscle Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Postexercise Recovery

It has been suggested that a decline in skeletal muscle oxidative capacity is a general consequence of aging in humans. However, previous studies have not always controlled for the effects of varying levels of physical activity on muscle oxidative capacity. To test the hypothesis that, when matched for comparable habitual physical activity levels, there would be no age-related decline in the oxidative capacity of a locomotor muscle, the postexercise recovery time of phosphocreatine was compared in the tibialis anterior muscle of young [ n = 19; 33.8 ± 4.8 (SD) yr] and older [ n = 18; 75.5 ± 4.5 yr] healthy women and men of similar, relatively low, activity levels. The intramuscular metabolic measurements were accomplished by using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results indicate that there was no age effect on the postexercise recovery time of phosphocreatine recovery, thus supporting the stated hypothesis. These data suggest that there is no requisite decline in skeletal muscle oxidative capacity with aging in humans, at least through the seventh decade.

scholarly journals Age-related changes in oxidative capacity differ between locomotory muscles and are associated with physical activity behavior

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan G. Larsen ◽  
Damien M. Callahan ◽  
Stephen A. Foulis ◽  
Jane A. Kent-Braun
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Mobility Impairment ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

There is discrepancy in the literature regarding the degree to which old age affects muscle bioenergetics. These discrepancies are likely influenced by several factors, including variations in physical activity (PA) and differences in the muscle group investigated. To test the hypothesis that age may affect muscles differently, we quantified oxidative capacity of tibialis anterior (TA) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles in healthy, relatively sedentary younger (8 YW, 8 YM; 21–35 years) and older (8 OW, 8 OM; 65–80 years) adults. To investigate the effect of physical activity on muscle oxidative capacity in older adults, we compared older sedentary women to older women with mild-to-moderate mobility impairment and lower physical activity (OIW, n = 7), and older sedentary men with older active male runners (OAM, n = 6). Oxidative capacity was measured in vivo as the rate constant, kPCr, of postcontraction phosphocreatine recovery, obtained by31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy following maximal isometric contractions. While kPCrwas higher in TA of older than activity-matched younger adults (28%; p = 0.03), older adults had lower kPCrin VL (23%; p = 0.04). In OIW compared with OW, kPCrwas lower in VL (∼45%; p = 0.01), but not different in TA. In contrast, OAM had higher kPCrthan OM (p = 0.03) in both TA (41%) and VL (54%). In older adults, moderate-to-vigorous PA was positively associated with kPCrin VL (r = 0.65, p < 0.001) and TA (r = 0.41, p = 0.03). Collectively, these results indicate that age-related changes in oxidative capacity vary markedly between locomotory muscles, and that altered PA behavior may play a role in these changes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document