scholarly journals Morphological and evolutionary patterns of emerging arctic coastal landscapes: the case of northwestern Nunavik (Quebec, Canada)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-508
Author(s):  
Antoine Boisson ◽  
Michel Allard
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Region ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
Coastal Evolution ◽  
Isostatic Adjustment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Coastal Landscapes ◽  
Ice Wedge ◽  
Wave Erosion

Northwestern Nunavik (Quebec, Canada) is characterized by specific landforms and poorly documented examples of emerging coastal landscapes. In this study, we identified the different types of coasts and examined how they were morphologically reworked and shaped during the Holocene. This coastal region is currently emerging at rates of 8–9 mm/year due to glacial isostatic adjustment. The coastal zone includes a large number of glacial and glaciofluvial landforms such as De Geer moraines, eskers, and drumlinoid ridges that are continuously modified by coastal processes as they emerge. Wave erosion, shore drifting, and sedimentation transform the original landforms into transverse spits, tombolos, dunes, beaches, and narrow tidal flats. Once raised above the reach of storm surges, the coastal landscape evolves into a maze of low tundra ridges, wetlands, and lakes, which represent the end point of rapid shoreline regression. Exposure to a cold climate allows permafrost inception and aggradation in the uplifted sediments, forming features such as ice-wedge polygons and frost boils. Conceptual models of coastal evolution and ecosystem formation are proposed, from the original submarine landscapes to the emerged landscapes.

scholarly journals Measuring Household Resilience to Cyclone Disasters in Coastal Bangladesh

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al-Maruf ◽  
J. Craig Jenkins ◽  
Amelie Bernzen ◽  
Boris Braun
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Indicator Approach ◽  
Island Communities ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
Social Safety Nets

The main objective of this paper is to measure the level of household resilience to cyclone and storm surges in the coastal area of Bangladesh. We draw on four general disaster frameworks in terms of addressing household-level resilience to cyclones and storm surges. We use a composite indicator approach organized around four components: (1) household infrastructure (HI); (2) household economic capacity (HEC); (3) household self-organization and learning (HSoL), and; (4) social safety nets (SSN). Drawing on a household survey (N = 1188) in nine coastal union parishads in coastal Bangladesh purposively selected as among the most vulnerable places in the world, we use principal components analysis applied to a standardized form of the survey data that identifies key household resilience features. These household index scores can be used for the assessment and monitoring of household capacities, training, and other efforts to improve household cyclone resilience. Our innovative methodological approach allows us to (a) identify patterns and reveal the underlying factors that accurately describe the variation in the data; (b) reduce a large number of variables to a much smaller number of core dimensions of household resilience, and (c) to detect spatial variations in resilience among communities. Aggregated to the community level, our new index reveals significant differences in community cyclone resilience in different areas of the coastal region. In this way, we can show that shoreline and island communities, in particular, have significant deficits in terms of household resilience, which seem to be mutually reinforcing one another and making for lower resilience.

scholarly journals Effects of climate change on spatiotemporal patterns of tropical cyclone tracks and their implications for coastal agriculture in Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Hirano
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

AbstractImportant aspects for understanding the effects of climate change on tropical cyclones (TCs) are the frequency of TCs and their tracking patterns. Coastal areas are increasingly threatened by rising sea levels and associated storm surges brought on by TCs. Rice production in Myanmar relies strongly on low-lying coastal areas. This study aims to provide insights into the effects of global warming on TCs and the implications for sustainable development in vulnerable coastal areas in Myanmar. Using TC records from the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship dataset during the 30-year period from 1983 to 2012, a hot spot analysis based on Getis-Ord (Gi*) statistics was conducted to identify the spatiotemporal patterns of TC tracks along the coast of Myanmar. The results revealed notable changes in some areas along the central to southern coasts during the study period. These included a considerable increase in TC tracks (p value < 0.01) near the Ayeyarwady Delta coast, otherwise known as “the rice bowl” of the nation. This finding aligns with trends in published studies and reinforced the observed trends with spatial statistics. With the intensification of TCs due to global warming, such a significant increase in TC experiences near the major rice-producing coastal region raises concerns about future agricultural sustainability.

Influence of ground ice and permafrost on coastal evolution, Richards Island, Beaufort Sea coast, N.W.T.

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott R. Dallimore ◽  
Stephen A. Wolfe ◽  
Steven M. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Sediment Budget ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Ground Ice ◽  
Coastal Evolution ◽  
Thermal Erosion ◽  
Ice Wedge ◽  
Mechanical Erosion ◽  
Sea Coast

A long-term sediment budget (1947−1985) for northern Richards Island shows that, when ground ice and offshore erosion are accounted for, there is a near balance between headland erosion and coastal deposition. Excess ice constitutes about 20% of the total volume of eroded material from the headlands, with massive ground ice contributing nearly 9% and segregated ice lenses and ice wedges making up the remainder. Coastal response to major storms in 1987 and 1993 suggests that erosion is episodic, with short periods of intense disruption followed by readjustment of cliff profiles. Processes characteristic of this environment include mechanical erosion of ice-bonded sediments creating unstable erosional niches, mechanical failure of niches along ice-wedge planes, and longer term thermal erosion of ice-bonded sediments. Where ice contents are high, localized thaw slumps initiated by coastal erosion may retreat at rates substantially higher than those observed at other sections of the coast. Cliff-top retreat rates may be out of phase with storm-event chronology.

Application of SLOSH in estimation of Typhoon-induced Storm Surges in the Coastal Region of South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsung Seo ◽  
Hyeyun Ku ◽  
Kwangwoo Cho ◽  
Jun Ho Maeng ◽  
Haemi Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Storm Surges

Influence of different types of heating systems on particulate air pollutant deposition: The case of churches situated in a cold climate

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoya Spolnik ◽  
Anna Worobiec ◽  
Lucyna Samek ◽  
László Bencs ◽  
Konstantin Belikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Pollutant Deposition ◽  
Different Types

scholarly journals Vegetation Stratification in Semarang Coastal Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Nana Kariada Tri Martuti ◽  
Yustinus Ulung Anggraito ◽  
Septiana Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Plant Identification ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Index Of Diversity

The coastal region is a dynamic area as a transition between the land and the sea. The ecological function of the coastal area is affected mainly by the structure and composition of vegetation factors. This study aims to analyze the vegetation stratification of terrestrial to marine ecosystems in the coastal area of Semarang City, Central Java Indonesia as an effort to manage a sustainable ecosystem. A striped path combined with nested plots were applied in this research. The plots were placed by systematic purposive sampling based on the homogeneity of vegetation found along with the topographic conditions of the research location. Analysis of qualitative data used by way of inventorying plants and identifying plants based on morphological characteristics that can be observed. Data analysis was performed based on the results of an inventory of the structure and composition of vegetation obtained including the index of diversity, evenness, and species richness. The results of plant identification found in the three locations recorded 51 plant species consisting of 29 families. The different types of vegetation in Taman Lele, Tapak, and Tirang Beach affect the diversity, richness, and evenness index of vegetation in all three locations. Therefore, it can be concluded that different environmental factors contribute to the vegetation stratification from the land to the sea. This is the first report on the Semarang coastal area vegetation stratification. The results can have a positive impact on the coastal area conservation strategy for sustainable management, as well as to be a media for environmental education purpose.

scholarly journals Impact of Human Intervention and Sea Level Rise on Water-Logging Scenarios inside Polders-24 And 25 of Bangladesh

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Jamal M Haider ◽  
Haque M Aminul ◽  
Hossain Md Jahid ◽  
Haque Anisul
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
South Central ◽  
Water Logging ◽  
Natural Man ◽  
The Impact

Coastal region of Bangladesh possesses a fragile ecosystem and is exposed to hazards like cyclones, floods, storm surges, and water-logging. A detail understanding on the impact of water-logging due to various natural, man-made and climate change scenarios is still lacking. Considering this research gap, the present research is aimed to study impacts of these scenarios inside polders-24 and 25 which are situated on the western part of the coastal region. In this Study as natural scenario, sedimentation in the Hari River; as man-made scenario, new polders in the south-central region and as SLR scenario, an extreme sea level rise of 1.48m are considered. Long-term satellite images are analyzed, and numerical model is applied in the study area. The result shows that water-logging is more acute inside polder-25 compared to polder-24. Sedimentation in Hari River aggravates the water-logging condition. Dredging in Hari River does improve the situation. Journal of Engineering Science 12(3), 2021, 73-83

Late Pleistocene floras from Earith, Huntingdonshire

1970 ◽  
Vol 258 (826) ◽  
pp. 347-378 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
Ice Wedge

A pit in fluviatile gravel of the River Ouse at the western edge of the East Anglian fenland has exposed several richly organic beds of Last-glacial age. A radiocarbon date of 42000 years from one bed confirms the terrace stratigraphy in placing the beds in a fairly early part of the Weichselian. The organic beds are succeeded by cryoturbation phenomena and ice wedge casts, indicating a severely cold climate with permafrost. The beds represent former pools on the flood-plain into which plant detritus was washed from the surroundings, chiefly by melt water in the spring. Pollen is sparse, but the macroscopic plant remains indicate a vegetation dominated by dwarf willows, accompanied by many herbs of base-rich, open habitats. Identification of the macrofossils is discussed and comments are made on the ecology and taxonomy of important species. The flora contains a mixture of northern and southern distributional types, the southern including species requiring a July mean temperature approaching 16 °C. Halophytes are frequent, and four species are considered to be obligate halophytes and to demonstrate the presence of salt in the substrate. The plant mixtures are explained as a result of the peculiarly open habitats of the glacial landscape and of the climate, which appears to have had warm summers and very cold winters, with a mean annual temperature slightly below 0 °C, resulting in discontinuous permafrost.

Late pleistocene climate changes recorded in the central part of the northern european loess belt, "Современные исследования трансформации криосферы и вопросы геотехнической безопасности сооружений в Арктике"

2021 ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Z. Jary ◽  
P. Moska ◽  
M. Krawczyk ◽  
J. Raczyk ◽  
J. Skurzyński
Keyword(s):  
Ice Cores ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Pleistocene Climate ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Ice Wedge ◽  
Cold Events ◽  
Glacial Climate

The northern European loess belt (NELB) was created in cold climate conditions on the foreground of Pleistocene continental glaciations. Loess-paleosol sequences (LPS) in this region were strongly influenced by periglacial processes and environments. Three types of periglacial structures are especially useful to reconstruct the former periglacial environment: cryogenic wedges with primary mineral infilling, cryoturbation and gelifluction structures, and ice-wedge pseudomorphs. These structures often form well-distinguishable marker horizons within LPS. We assume that at least some of these horizons were formed as a result of sudden, short-term cooling followed by equally sudden warming of the climate, when ice wedges and permafrost were decay. Periglacial records in the LPS confirm the general instability of the last glacial climate. The main periglacial stages correlate well with cold events of the marine record. However, their correlation with Greenland ice cores requires further research using modern methods and techniques.

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