The vegetation and ecological gradients of calcareous mires in the South Park valley, Colorado

The vegetation, environment, and ecological gradients present on three calcareous mires in the South Park valley, Park County, Colorado, were investigated. Vegetation was classified into four habitat classes, nine subclasses, and twelve species associations using two-way species indicator analysis (TWINSPAN). Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was used to ordinate vegetation samples along two axes representing the three predominant ecological gradients: water table height, miremargin to expanse, and region. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to directly relate local environmental conditions to vegetation. Water table depth, microtopographical development, soil and water pH and nutrient level, soil organic matter, and hydraulic head were significantly correlated with vegetation gradients. The mire soils consist of intermixed areas of organic and mineral soils. Mire soils and water are highly alkaline and nutrient-rich. Mean pore water calcium concentration on these mires is 115 mg/L, electrical conductivity averages 575 µS, and mean pH is 7.4. Owing to these conditions, the fen floras include a number of highly minerophilic species. Based on water chemistry and species criteria, each site was classified as rich to extremely rich fen, with the two fen types mixing in complex patterns according to local environmental conditions. The species Trichophorum pumilum, Salix candida, Salix myrtillifolia, Carex microglochin, Carex viridula, Carex scirpoidea, Eriophorum gracile, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustris, Kobresia myosuroides, Kobresia simpliciuscula, Thalictrum alpinum, Scorpidium scorpioides, Scorpidium turgescens, and Calliergon trifarium were determined to be indicative of extremely rich fen conditions in the southern Rocky Mountains.Key words: Colorado, canonical correspondence analysis, detrended correspondence analysis, extremely rich fen, gradient analysis, mire.

Download Full-text

The vegetation types and management units of Goedverwacht farm in the mixed bushveld of the Northern Province, South Africa

Koedoe ◽

10.4102/koedoe.v40i2.271 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L. Breebaart ◽

M. Deutschlander

Keyword(s):

Plant Communities ◽

Correspondence Analysis ◽

Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽

Environmental Gradient ◽

Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽

Northern Province ◽

Computer Programme ◽

Data Set ◽

Management Units ◽

Floristic Data

An analysis of the vegetation of Goedverwacht farm in the mixed bushveld of the Northern Province is presented. Releves were compiled in 33 stratified random sample plots. Eight distinct plant communities were identified by means ofBraun-Blanquet pro-cedures. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was applied to the floristic data set using the computer programme DECORANA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) to determine a probable environmental gradient and to facilitate in the identification of management units. The computer programme CANOCO (Canonical Correspondence Analysis) was used to apply canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to the floristic data set. Two management units were determined by means of vegetation ordinations and soil data. A classification, description and ecological interpretation of the plant communities as well as a description of the management units are presented.

Download Full-text

Erratum: The vegetation and ecological gradients of calcareous mires in the South Park Valley, Colorado

Botany ◽

10.1139/b11-031 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 425-427

Author(s):

J. Bradley Johnson ◽

David A. Steingraeber

Keyword(s):

Ecological Gradients ◽

The South ◽

South Park

Download Full-text

Distribution and habitat niches of 37 peatland Cyperaceae species across a broad geographic range in Canada

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b04-081 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 82 (9) ◽

pp. 1292-1313 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

L D Gignac ◽

R Gauthier ◽

L Rochefort ◽

J Bubier

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Water Chemistry ◽

Water Table ◽

Correspondence Analysis ◽

Response Surfaces ◽

Frequency Of Occurrence ◽

Surface Water Chemistry ◽

Rich Fen ◽

Poor Fen ◽

Shade Tolerant Species

The presence and absence of 37 Cyperaceae species found on 498 peatlands across Canada were examined along surface water chemistry, shade, height above the water table, and climatic gradients. A canonical correspondence analysis of the species distribution along the environmental gradients indicated that surface water chemistry and climate were highly correlated with the first and second axes and were the two most important gradients distinguishing among groups. The climatic gradient was further subdivided into western oceanic continental and eastern oceanic continental gradients. Height above the water table and shade were correlated to the third canonical correspondence analysis axis and were of secondary importance in explaining species distributions. A TWINSPAN analysis of the species separated them into eight groups: (1) widespread, obligate rich fen, wet, shade-tolerant species; (2) widespread rich fen preferential species; (3) continental and eastern oceanic, rich fen preferential, wet, shade-intolerant species; (4) widespread fen, wet, shade-intolerant species; (5) widespread bog or fen, shade-tolerant species; (6) widespread subcontinental and oceanic, bog or fen, shade-intolerant species; (7) eastern subcontinental and oceanic, poor fen preferential species; (8) western oceanic, bog and poor fen preferential, shade-intolerant species. Response surfaces were generated by quantifying the frequency of occurrence of representative species in each group along pH and height above the water table, shade and mean annual temperature, and mean annual total precipitation gradients. Frequency of occurrence values for several of the rarer species indicated that they were not limited by the number of suitable habitats analyzed in this study but by other factors such as competition, failure to establish, or dispersal. This study emphasizes the importance of habitat and climate in determining the local and regional diversity and distribution of the most common Cyperaceae on peatlands in Canada.Key words: sedges, Carex, peat lands, response surfaces, climate, water chemistry.

Download Full-text

Short Communication: Distribution of dragonflies (Odonata: Insecta) in South Ural lakes, Russia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d190127 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 202-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

IRINA V. MASHKOVA ◽

TATYANA G. KRUPNOVA ◽

ANASTASIYA M. KOSTRYUKOVA ◽

NIKITA E. VLASOV

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Correspondence Analysis ◽

Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽

Short Communication ◽

Jaccard Index ◽

South Urals ◽

The South ◽

Number Of Species

Mashkova IV, Krupnova TG, Kostryukova AM, Vlasov NE. 2018. Short Communication: Distribution of dragonflies (Odonata: Insecta) in South Ural lakes, Russia. Biodiversitas 19: 202-207. This paper studies the diversity and distribution of Odonata (Insecta) in the South Urals region lakes such as Lake Large Miassovo, Lake Small Miassovo, Lake Ilmenskoe, Lake Savelkul and Lake Baraus. We revised dragonflies in five lakes during May-September 2014-2016. Dragonflies and larvae were identified up to the species. As results, 36 species (12 Zygoptera and 22 Anisoptera) belonging to 15 genera were recorded. To compare the similarities of dragonfly communities of different lakes we used the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) according the Jaccard index. Comparing the number of records of odonate species for selected lakes in our study, we found that the small richness of species was typical for lakes Savelkul and Baraus (22% and 25% of the total number of species, respectively) and the large values of the species richness was obtained for lakes Small Miassovo, Ilmenskoe and Large Miassovo (50%, 72%% and 80% of the total number of species, respectively).

Download Full-text

Pattern and vegetation–environment relationships in a boreal forested wetland in northeastern Ontario

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b95-067 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

pp. 629-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

John K. Jeglum ◽

Fangliang He

Keyword(s):

Correspondence Analysis ◽

Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽

Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽

Forested Wetland ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Loss On Ignition ◽

Data Set ◽

Axis I ◽

Environmental Measures ◽

Physical And Chemical

A forested wetland data set from northeastern Ontario, consisting of species cover and environmental measures in 43 stands, was analyzed with canonical correspondence analysis. Results showed two main vegetational gradients related to factor complexes of peat depth – moisture (mire margin to mire expanse) and pH–calcium. Stands within each of the vegetation types were positioned closely, and gradients of types were similar to those from earlier analyses, suggesting the validity of a previous classification. Axis I of the ordination was highly related to peat depth, several elements (Al, Fe, and Cu), loss on ignition, bulk density, and water content in peat. Axis II was highly related to loss on ignition, depth of fibric layer, pH, and several elements (Ca, Mg, Mn, and N). The number of species in a plot was strongly correlated to the pH–calcium gradient, whereas vegetation cover was strongly correlated to the peat depth – moisture gradient. Analysis with detrended correspondence analysis gave results very similar to canonical correspondence analysis, suggesting that there was a relatively high correspondence between vegetational and environmental gradients. Environmental measures were partitioned into physical and chemical attributes, to detect the relative contribution to vegetational variation. Both physical and chemical variables were important, and 81% of the variation in vegetation was explained by the environmental measures. Key words: boreal forest, multivariate analysis, Ontario, wetlands, vegetation pattern, diversity.

Download Full-text