STUDIES OF RHIZOSPHERE ACTIVITY BY THE USE OF ISOTOPICALLY LABELLED CARBON

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Subba-Rao ◽  
R. G. S. Bidwell ◽  
D. L. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Alcohol Extraction ◽  
Verticillium Albo Atrum

In an attempt to assess the microbiological activity characterizing the microflora associated with the roots of tomato plants, experiments were performed in which C14O2 was supplied to their leaves and subsequently the soil was sampled for radioactivity. Several varieties of tomato were tested, some of which were resistant and some susceptible to Verticillium albo-atrum. Radioactivity in varying amounts was found in soil eluates, so that carbon fixed in photosynthesis must have passed out of the roots into the soil. Some of the radioactivity was released from the soil only by alcohol extraction and HCl hydrolysis and this fraction is considered to have been fixed in soil microorganisms as a result of their metabolic activity. The techniques used did not differentiate between the microbiological activities associated with Verticillium-resistant and -susceptible plants, although individual varieties seemed to be characterized by fairly definite patterns of radioactivity.

scholarly journals SOIL-MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS IN MONITORING OF NEAR-LAKE ECOSYSTEMS OF THE WESTERN BAIKAL REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Yakutin ◽  
Dmitry S. Dubovik ◽  
Tatyana E. Radchenko ◽  
Polina S. Myagkikh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Baikal Region ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Dry Steppes ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Microbiological Indicators ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

The article analyzes the main characteristics of the state and metabolic activity of the biomass of soil microorganisms in the ecosystems of the near-lake salt meadows and dry steppes of the Western Baikal region. It is shown that during the transition from semi-hydromorphic soils (lake salonchak) to automorphic soils (chestnut soils of dry steppes), the levels of moisture and salinity decrease. Changes in soil properties lead to a significant transformation of the soil microbiocenosis. The study demonstrated that such soil-microbiological indicators as the carbon content in the biomass of soil microorganisms, basal respiration and specific metabolic activity, estimated by the value of the metabolic coefficient, can be successfully used in the practice of environmental monitoring of the near lake areas of the Tazheran steppe.

Can reclaimed land be converted to arable land? –Positive: Evidences of soil microbial activity from a laboratory experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruirui Chen ◽  
Jianwei Zhang ◽  
Youzhi Feng
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Tolerant Species

<p>Agriculture is a drive for land reclamation. Reclaiming coastal saline soils is increasingly undertaken as water and heat resources are normally plentiful in coastal land. However, growth of both crops and soil microorganisms is limited due to high cation content and osmotic stress, making saline soils unproductive when converted to arable land. For crops, great efforts have to be made to screen salt-tolerant species suitable for land reclamation. For soil microorganisms in saline soils, will the same separation and domestication of salt-tolerant species be necessary to improve microbial activity as done with crops?</p><p>To improve such understandings, we studied coastal saline soils covering non-, mild-, and severe-salinity. Their bacterial diversities were characterized by high throughput sequencing, and microbial metabolic activities analyzed with substrate-induced heat release curves. Abundant and diverse bacterial communities were detected in the severe-salinity soils. While we did not observe soil salinity significantly affected the microbial richness, it did shift soil bacterial community composition. However, the severe-salinity soil was not dominant with salt-tolerant microbial species. With thermodynamic analysis, we discovered glucose amendment efficiently promoted microbial metabolic activity regardless of their community composition. Severe salinity did not inhibit potential metabolic activity of soil microbial community. A further 2-month incubation experiment supported that microbial metabolic kinetics of the severe-salinity soil amended with maize straw recovered and moved toward to the non-salinity soil.</p><p>Therefore, our study supported that salt-tolerant species are not indispensable in land reclamation. An addition of labile organic amendments can help to rapidly multiply microbial growth and recover soil microbial functions.</p>

Resistance of tomato plants to Verticillium albo-atrum

1963 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-IN4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances M. Blackhurst ◽  
R.K.S. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Verticillium Albo Atrum

scholarly journals Effect of Bean Cultivars on Soil Microorganisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojana Petrović ◽  
Simonida Đurić ◽  
Mirjana Vasić ◽  
Vesna Tunguz ◽  
Robert Pokluda
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Conventional Production ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Village ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The aim of this study was to determine the microbiological activity in soil under beans in organic and conventional production. Organic production was conducted on the field in the village Pivnice (Serbia), while conventional production was conducted in the village Curug (Serbia) during 2014 on the chernosem type soil. Cultivars of beans Belko, Dvadesetica, Maksa, Slavonac, Sremac, Zlatko were used. Before sowing, the bean seeds were inoculated by biofertilizers NS-Nitragin. NS-Nitragin contains a mixture of selected strains of symbiotic bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli. The total number of actinomycetes, ammonifiers, Azotobacter, bacteria and fungi were determined. At the end of vegetation period in conventional production the highest number of actinomycetes (5.83) and fungi (4.87) was recorded in cultivar Dvadesetica. In organic production the highest number of ammonifires was in cultivar Sremac (9.91). The highest number of bacteria was in cultivar Dvadesetica (9.08) and the highest number of fungi was in cultivar Zlatko (5.14). The results have shown that number of microorganisms was higher in organic production.

scholarly journals Influence of agricultural systems and basic tillage on soil microorganisms number under winter wheat crops of the Right-bank Forest-Dteppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Karpenko ◽  
V.M. Rozhko ◽  
A.O. Butenko
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
The Right

The results of studying the influence of different systems of agriculture and measures of basic tillage on the number of microorganisms and its phytotoxicity in the field of winter wheat are presented. It is proved that different systems of agriculture and measures of basic tillage do not equally affect the microbiological activity of the rhizosphere of winter wheat in the number and species composition of microorganisms. As a result, the variants created different conditions for the course of biochemical processes in the soil and the formation of crop yields. Moldboard-boardless tillage and the ecological system of agriculture proved to be more promising.

scholarly journals Microbiological activity of the forest soil in the areas within the territory of Belgrade

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Milorad Veselinović ◽  
Vesna Golubović-Ćurguz ◽  
Suzana Mitrović ◽  
Dragana Dražić ◽  
Nevena Čule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Ecosystem Stability ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

Within the process of matter circulation, soil microorganisms play a decisive role in the biological circulation of nutrition elements, i.e. plant assimilatives, through the process of organic matter (detritus) degradation via biosynthesis (humification) and mineralization (dehumification), releasing plant assimilatives and thus enabling forests to survive as natural ecosystems. Development of appropriate physiological groups of microorganisms participating in such processes and their biological activity are prerequisites of forest ecosystem stability. The results of the research in microbiological activity of the forest soil conducted in the areas within the territory of Belgrade include 19 locations of forested areas in both state and private ownership. Preliminary research suggested that the process of ammonification is by far the most significant in both synthesis and degradation of humus for plant assimilative formation (nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur etc.); therefore the measures undertaken must be focused on ensuring normal and regular course of such processes.

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