Modern pollen rain and vegetation of the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon Territory

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (18) ◽  
pp. 2367-2382 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. B. Birks
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Pollen Content ◽  
Pollen Rain ◽  
Shrub Tundra ◽  
Community Types

The vegetation of the area east of the Klutlan Glacier in the St. Elias Mountains is described with the methods of European phytosociology. Four major vegetation types are recognized: Picea glauca forests, Populus balsamifera forests, Betula glandulosa shrub–tundra, and Dryas integrifolia tundra.The modern pollen assemblages deposited in these vegetation types are determined by pollen analysis of surface moss polsters, lake muds, and moss samples from sedge swamps. Numerical analyses of the surface spectra indicate that spectra from the Dryas tundra and from the Populus forests are distinctive in their pollen composition. The variation in the percentage pollen content of samples from the Picea forests and the shrub–tundra is so great, even when spectra from a single sample type are considered, that no reliable distinctions can be made in modern pollen spectra from these two community types.

scholarly journals Relación lluvia de polen-vetación en selvas de Quintana Roo

2017 ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald A. Islebe ◽  
Rogel Villanueva-Gutiérrez ◽  
Odilón Sánchez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Indicator Taxa ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Pollen Content ◽  
Ordination Techniques ◽  
Ordination Analysis ◽  
Pollen Rain

Modern pollen rain was studied along a 450 km long transect between Cancun-La Unión (Belizean border). Ten moss samples were collected in different vegetation types and analyzed for pollen content. The data were analyzed with classification (TWINSPAN), ordination analysis (DCA) and different association indices. Classification and ordination techniques allowed us to recognize three different pollen signals from semievergreen forest (with Maclura, Apocynaceae, Moraceae, Sapotaceae, Araceae, Cecropia, Celtis, Eugenia and Bursera), acahual (with con Coccoloba, Metopium, Anacardiaceae, Urticales, Melothria, Croton, Palmae) and disturbed vegetation (with Zea mays, Mimosa and Asteraceae ) . The degree of over-representation and underrepresentation of the pollen data with respect to the modem vegetation was established, being under-represented mostly entomophilous species. We can conclude that the actual pollen signal can be used for calibrating paleosignals, if clear groups of indicator taxa can be established.

Modern Pollen Assemblages and Vegetational History of the Moraines of the Klutlan Glacier and Its Surroundings, Yukon Territory, Canada

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. B. Birks
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Pollen Diagram ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Canonical Variates ◽  
Shrub Tundra ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shepherdia Canadensis ◽  
Modern Pollen Assemblages

AbstractModern pollen assemblages have been studied from surficial lake muds and moss polsters collected from five vegetated ice-cored moraines of the Klutlan Glacier. The youngest vegetated moraine (K-II) is characterized by high pollen values for Salix and Hedysarum, K-III by high Salix and Shepherdia canadensis and low Hedysarum and Picea, K-IV by high Betula, Salix, and Shepherdia, and K-V and the Harris Creek moraine (HCM) by high Picea. Variations are summarized by canonical variates analysis. A percentage pollen diagram from Gull Lake on the upland east of the glacier records vegetational development since the deposition of the White River volcanic ash 1220 14C yr ago. An initial species-rich treeless vegetation was replaced by birch-alder-willow shrub-tundra, and this by open Picea glauca forest similar to present vegetation around the lake. Sites on HCM show two basic stratigraphies. Triangle Lake reflects vegetational succession from Salix-Shepherdia canadensis scrub similar to that on K-III today, through open Picea woodland of K-IV type, to closed Picea forests of K-V and HCM. Heart Lake and Cotton Pond reflect vegetational development following melting of ice underlying the spruce forests of HCM. These two types are summarized by positioning the fossil spectra on the first two canonical variate axes of the modern surface spectra.

scholarly journals Isopoll Maps and an Analysis of the Distribution of the Modern Pollen Rain, Eastern and Central Northern Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Elliot-Fisk ◽  
J. T. Andrews ◽  
S. K. Short ◽  
W. N. Mode
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Northern Canada ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Pollen Content ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Pollen Rain ◽  
Multiple Samples ◽  
Percentage Data ◽  
Component Scores

ABSTRACT At 39 sites in eastern and central northern Canada, multiple samples of surface moss and lichens have been analyzed for their pollen content. Although pollen from 20 to 30 taxa were identified in the samples from each site, 8 pollen types (Alnus, Betula, Picea. Pinus, Salix, Gramineae, Cyperaceae and Ericaceae) usually comprise 90 to 100% of the pollen rain. We present isopoll maps of these taxa based on mean percentages of multiple samples from the 39 sites. The data are further analyzed by a number of statistical methods to determine whether there are specific pollen assemblages within this region and to what extent present day climatic parameters and floristic/vegetation zones correlate with pollen counts. Cluster analysis on raw data and on principal component scores yields six distinct pollen assemblages which are further examined by discriminant analysis. Pollen concentration maps for eastern Canada are also presented here and used as an aid in interpreting the percentage data.

Late Quaternary History of Tundra Vegetation in Northwestern Alaska

1994 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Anderson ◽  
Patrick J. Bartlein ◽  
Linda B. Brubaker
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Tundra Vegetation ◽  
Shrub Tundra ◽  
History Of ◽  
Quaternary History

AbstractPollen analysis of a new core from Joe Lake indicates that the late Quaternary vegetation of northwestern Alaska was characterized by four tundra and two forest-tundra types. These vegetation types were differentiated by combining quantitative comparisons of fossil and modern pollen assemblages with traditional, qualitative approaches for inferring past vegetation, such as the use of indicator species. Although imprecisely dated, the core probably spans at least the past 40,000 yr. A graminoid-Salix tundra dominated during the later and early portions of the glacial record. The middle glacial interval and the transition from glacial to interglacial conditions are characterized by a graminoid-Betula-Salix tundra. A Populus forest-Betula shrub tundra existed during the middle potion of this transition, being replaced in the early Holocene by a Betula-Alnus shrub tundra. The modern Picea forest-shrub tundra was established by the middle Holocene. These results suggest that the composition of modem tundra communities in northwestern Alaska developed relatively recently and that throughout much of the late Quaternary, tundra communities were unlike the predominant types found today in northern North America. Although descriptions of vegetation variations within the tundra will always be restricted by the innate taxonomic limitations of their herb-dominated pollen spectra, the application of multiple interpretive approaches improves the ability to reconstruct the historical development of this vegetation type.

Late Wisconsin and Holocene vegetational history of the Upper Koyukuk region, Brooks Range, AK

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 616-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Edwards ◽  
Patricia M. Anderson ◽  
Harriet L. Garfinkel ◽  
Linda B. Brubaker
Keyword(s):  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Before Present ◽  
Brooks Range ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Pollen Rain ◽  
Lower Site

Three pollen diagrams provide information on late Wisconsin and Holocene vegetation history at high elevation and midelevations (1000 and 600 m) in the east-central Brooks Range. After the retreat of glacial ice and until about 12 000 years before present, the vegetation was a tundra, dominated by Salix, Cyperaceae, Gramineae, Artemisia, and other herbaceous taxa. However, because the early pollen spectra do not have close modern analogs, the detailed composition and ecology of this tundra cannot be inferred. Between ca. 12 000 and ca. 8 000 years before present, Betula nana–glandulosa was the dominant pollen producer at both elevations; a significant ericaceous component was present in the vegetation of the alpine sites, but not at the lower elevation site. During the period 10 500 – 8 500 years before present, Populus balsamifera and Juniperus were probably abundant at the lower site and may also have been present at the higher sites, where they are now absent. Picea glauca, Alnus spp., Picea mariana, and Betula papyrifera became established at the lower site between ca. 8500 and 6000 years before present. None of these species currently grows at the high sites, but their arrival at lower elevations is represented in the regional pollen rain at these sites. The arrival times of Picea glauca and Picea mariana in the study area are consistent with the hypothesis that P. glauca preceded P. mariana into the central Brooks Range.

Stomate and pollen content of lake surface sediments from across the tree line on the Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1009-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Clayden ◽  
L. C. Cwynar ◽  
G. M. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Taimyr Peninsula ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Picea Obovata ◽  
Forest Tundra ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Vegetation Zones ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Pollen Content ◽  
Pollen Rain ◽  
Components Analysis

Surface-sediment samples from 23 lakes on the Taimyr Peninsula were collected along a transect from tundra to forest and analyzed for their pollen and coniferous stomate content. Larix sibirica, the dominant tree in forest–tundra and forest vegetation zones, is poorly represented in the pollen spectra, never exceeding 8%. To examine the correspondence between the modern pollen rain and the vegetation zones of tundra, forest–tundra, and forest, a principal components analysis was applied to the pollen percentages. Betula and Alnus account for the greatest variance in the data set, and the set of tundra sites farthest north is distinct from the forest sites farthest south. Stomates of L. sibirica are present in all samples from sites where Larix trees are present, and some samples contained higher concentrations of stomates than pollen of Larix. Picea obovata stomates are found less consistently and less abundantly than Larix stomates.

scholarly journals Phytosociological and ecological discrimination of Mediterranean cypress ('Cupressus sempervirens') communities in Crete (Greece) by means of pollen analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio López-Sáez ◽  
Arthur Glais ◽  
Ioannis Tsiripidis ◽  
Spyros Tsiftsis ◽  
Daniel Sánchez-Mata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Surface Samples ◽  
Aegean Islands ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Pollen Content ◽  
Pollen Rain

Sixty modern surface samples collected from mosses in different cypress forest communities (Cupressus sempervirens L.) on the island of Crete (Greece) were analysed for their pollen content. The samples were taken from six different cypress phytosociological associations between 23 and 1600 m asl, and fall within distinct rainfall and temperature regimes. The aims of this paper are to provide new data on the modern pollen rain from the Aegean islands, and to perform these data using multivariate statistics (hierarchical cluster analysis and canonical correspondence analysis) and pollen percentages. The discrimination of pollen assemblages corresponds to a large extent to the floristic differentiation of Cupressus sempervirens forest vegetation and indicates the existence of three new associations.

Pollen Taphonomy in a Canyon Stream

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L. Fall
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soil ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Pollen Rain ◽  
Arid Steppe ◽  
Turbulent Water

AbstractSurface soil samples from the forested Chuska Mountains to the arid steppe of the Chinle Valley, Northeastern Arizona, show close correlation between modern pollen rain and vegetation. In contrast, modern alluvium is dominated by Pinus pollen throughout the canyon; it reflects neither the surrounding floodplain nor plateau vegetation. Pollen in surface soils is deposited by wind; pollen grains in alluvium are deposited by a stream as sedimentary particles. Clay-size particles correlate significantly with Pinus, Quercus, and Populus pollen. These pollen types settle, as clay does, in slack water. Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthus, Artemisia, other Tubuliflorae, and indeterminate pollen types correlate with sand-size particles, and are deposited by more turbulent water. Fluctuating pollen frequencies in alluvial deposits are related to sedimentology and do not reflect the local or regional vegetation where the sediments were deposited. Alluvial pollen is unreliable for reconstruction of paleoenvironments.

MODERN POLLEN RAIN STUDIES IN EASTERN ONTARIO

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. King ◽  
Ronald O. Kapp
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Southwestern United States ◽  
Pollen Trap ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Pollen Rain ◽  
Moss Polsters ◽  
Eastern Ontario

Moss polsters were collected at 15 sites between Toronto and Lake Timagami, Ontario, and at 4 localities in the Lake Timagami area for the purpose of determining the regional pollen rain and its local variations. Pollen percentages of Acer, Quercus, Ambrosia, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, and Gramineae decrease northward and Picea, Pinus, and Betula increase at the more northerly sites. From the three most northern sites a regional pollen rain was calculated by averaging the percentages from nine pollen spectra. In this area the regional pollen rain is dominated by Picea (15%), Pinus (38%), and Betula (22%). At one site a grain of Ephedra was recovered, apparently carried in by long range drift. The nearest place that it grows naturally is in the southwestern United States. Various pollen trap types were investigated and it was found that all types of moss polsters and some types of decaying stumps (depending on their moisture-holding capacity) were effective in preserving the modern pollen rain.

scholarly journals Palynology of sheep's faeces: relationship between pollen content, diet and local pollen rain

Grana ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagfinn Moe
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Content ◽  
Pollen Rain
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