Effect of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma hiemale on adventitious root formation in derooted Pinus halepensis shoot hypocotyls

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1265-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Gay
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The effect of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma hiemale and of its culture filtrate on in vitro rooting of Pinus halepensis derooted shoot hypocotyls was studied in an attempt to determine if ectomycorrhizal fungi could enhance adventitious root formation in gymnosperms. Pinus halepensis hypocotyls did not root in the absence of hormonal treatment, whereas the rooting percentage was 87.3% in the presence of 5 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). In the presence of tryptophan, which is a precursor of IAA, H. hiemale strongly enhanced rooting of hypocotyls cultivated in the absence of any hormonal treatment. In the presence of 0.1 mM tryptophan, the rooting percentage of the inoculated hypocotyls was 96.6%, whereas it was only 7.6% in the absence of the fungus. Hebeloma hiemale culture filtrate obtained in the absence of tryptophan did not contain IAA and did not stimulate rooting of the hypocotyls. In contrast, a culture filtrate obtained in the presence of tryptophan contained IAA; an ethyl acetate extract from this filtrate allowed 100% rooting. Different fractions were isolated by preparative thin-layer chromatography from the IAA-containing filtrate and studied for their effect on rooting. It was demonstrated that IAA was responsible for the rhizogenic activity of H. hiemale. These results suggest that ectomycorrhizal fungi which rapidly metabolize exogenously supplied tryptophan to IAA could be a suitable tool to enhance in vitro rooting of micropropagated gymnosperms. Key words: ectomycorrhizal fungus, indole-3-acetic acid, rooting, shoot hypocotyl, Hebeloma hiemale, Pinus halepensis.

scholarly journals Effects of Variations in Hormonal Treatments Upon In vitro Regeneration Potential in Embryo Explants of Arenga pinnata

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-503
Author(s):  
Shamsiah Abdullah ◽  
Siti Nurain Roslan
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Hormonal Treatments

One of the challenges related to propagation of Arenga pinnata is its lengthy period of seed dormancy. In this study, in vitro regeneration was carried out to determine the effect of hormonal treatment on the embryo explant of Arenga pinnata. Embryos were surface sterilized and cultured into different media supplemented with various hormones concentrations and combinations. Each treatment contained of Kinetin (KN) hormone (1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/l) and in combination with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg/l. The height of plumule and length of radical was observed and recorded. Treatment 8 (3 mg/ml KN + 0.1 mg/ml IAA) showed 59.09% in plumule height increment while treatment 4 (1 mg/ml KN + 0.3 mg/ml IAA) showed the highest radical increments with 93.62%. The knowledge gained in this study consequently helps us to better understand the role of KN and IAA in the in vitro regeneration protocol. Since in vitro method able to produce higher number of in vitro seedlings at one time, it is important to establish the in vitro regeneration protocol for this plant.

Effect of indole-3-butyric acid on the endogenous indole-3-acetic acid and lignin contents in soybean hypocotyl during adventitious root formation

2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (10) ◽  
pp. 1257-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Lan Chao ◽  
Chung-Lung Cho ◽  
Li-Ming Chen ◽  
Zin-Huang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Silicon induces adventitious root formation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under arsenate stress with the involvement of nitric oxide and indole-3-acetic acid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durgesh Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Padmaja Rai ◽  
Gea Guerriero ◽  
Shivesh Sharma ◽  
Francisco J Corpas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Arsenate Stress ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Abstract Arsenic (As) negatively affects plant development. Using rice as a model, this study evaluates how the application of silicon (10 µM Si) can favour the formation of adventitious roots under arsenate stress (50 µM As V) as a mechanism to mitigate its negative effects. Indeed, the simultaneous application of As V and Si up-regulated the expression of genes involved in nitric oxide (NO) metabolism (OsNOA1), cell cycle progression (G2-M, OsCDKA1), auxin (IAA, indole-3-acetic acid) biosynthesis (OsYUCCA1 and OsTAA1) and transport (OsPIN1, OsPIN5 and OsPIN10) and Si uptake (OsLsi1 and OsLsi2), which accompanied adventitious root formation. Furthermore, Si triggered the expression and activity of MDHAR and DHAR involved in ascorbate recycling. The treatment with L-NAME, an inhibitor of NO generation, significantly suppressed adventitious root formation, even in the presence of Si; however, supplying NO in the growth media rescued its effects. The data obtained suggest that both NO and IAA are essential for Si-mediated adventitious root formation under As V stress. Interestingly, TIBA (a polar auxin transport inhibitor) suppressed adventitious root formation, even in the presence of Si and SNP (an NO donor), suggesting that Si is involved in a mechanism whereby a cellular signal is triggered and requires NO formation first and, then, IAA.

Stimulation of adventitious rooting in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) by low pH: possible role of auxin

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1645-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hao Liu ◽  
Ilabanta Mukherjee ◽  
David M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Acid Transport ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Adventitious root formation by the hypocotyl cuttings of sunflower seedlings was greatly affected by the pH of buffered and unbuffered solutions bathing their basal portion. Exposure to low pH for 5 h after original root excision promoted root formation. Reduction of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid movement from the cotyledons and shoot apex was achieved by using N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (an inhibitor of indole-3-acetic acid transport) and by removal of the cotyledons and shoot apex. Both the inhibitor and organ removal inhibited adventitious root formation, but acidic conditions could, to varying degrees, overcome this inhibition. Acidic conditions also increased the rate of [3H]indole-3-acetic acid uptake from the solutions around the hypocotyl bases and the rate of [3H]indole-3-acetic acid movement from cotyledons to the hypocotyl bases. Thus, acidic conditions may stimulate rooting by increasing the rate of basipetal indole-3-acetic acid transport to the zone of root initiation. These experiments show that in studies of the effects of various substances on rooting, the experimenter must be aware of these pH effects and take appropriate precautions. Key words: adventitious roots, auxin, indole-3-acetic acid, Helianthus annuus, pH.

scholarly journals Stimulation of Root Formation by Thiol Compounds

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Auderset ◽  
Charles Moncousin ◽  
Jane O'Rourke ◽  
D. James Morré
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Thiol Compounds ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Stimulation Of

Root formation in shoot cuttings of soybean (Glycine max L. `Williams'), mungbean (Phaseolus aureas Mdlbg.), English ivy (Hedera helix L.), and apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh. `Jork 9') was stimulated by dithiothreitol and reduced glutathione in the presence and absence of auxin (IAA) shock. In soybean, in the absence of auxin, root formation was stimulated to about the same extent by glutathione alone as with auxin alone. The roots induced by thiol compounds were longer than roots induced by auxin shock and were completely normal in appearance. Roots produced with auxin shock alone were short and exhibited characteristic auxin-induced deformations. With a combination treatment of auxin shock and thiol compounds, roots were more numerous than with either alone, somewhat longer than with auxin alone, and exhibited fewer of the usual deformations characteristic of roots grown in the presence of external auxins. The thiol compounds also were beneficial for rooting Malus shoots propagated from callus in vitro. The thiol compounds were most beneficial with older cuttings where auxin shock was often insufficient to obtain roots. In shoots where rooting was stimulated by thiol agents, shoots grew more rapidly than in those where rooting was induced by auxin shock alone. These findings suggest a use for thiol compounds alone or in combination with auxin shock to induce differentiation of root primordia as well as for stimulation of root growth. Chemical name used: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).

scholarly journals Distribution of indole-3-acetic acid in Petunia hybrida shoot tip cuttings and relationship between auxin transport, carbohydrate metabolism and adventitious root formation

Planta ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 238 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir H. Ahkami ◽  
Michael Melzer ◽  
Mohammad R. Ghaffari ◽  
Stephan Pollmann ◽  
Majid Ghorbani Javid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid
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