Potential role of fungi and bacteria in Chinese fir replant soil

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qishui Zhang ◽  
John C. Zak
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Replant Problem

The role of soil fungi and Bacillus in the Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) replant problem was investigated. Several pathogenic fungi isolated were more abundant in replant than in non-replant woodland soil, but the species composition of soil bacteria showed no significant differences. Fumigation of replant soils with methyl bromide significantly increased the growth of Chinese fir compared with nonfumigated soils. Inoculation of steam-sterilized soil with the pathogenic fungi caused significant reduction of growth of Chinese fir seedlings, while amendment with bacteria from the soil had no effect on seedling growth. However, the combination of pathogenic fungi and bacteria greatly reduced plant growth and increased root rot compared with pathogenic fungi or bacteria alone. It is suggested that fungi alone or in combination with bacteria may be important biotic factors in the Chinese fir replant problem. Key words: fungi, bacteria, Chinese fir, replanted soil, seedling growth.

scholarly journals Role of Cassava CC-type Glutaredoxin MeGRXC3 in Regulating Sensitivity to Mannitol-Induced Osmotic Stress Dependent on its Nuclear Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Bin Ruan ◽  
Xiao-Ling Yu ◽  
Xin Guo ◽  
Ping-Juan Zhao ◽  
Ming Peng
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Nuclear Localization ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Nuclear Activity ◽  
Transactivation Activity ◽  
Transcription Factor Genes ◽  
Related Transcription Factor ◽  
Stress Dependent

Abstract BackgroundWe previously identified six drought-inducible CC-type glutaredoxins in cassava cultivars, however, less is known about their potential role in the molecular mechanism by which cassava adapted to abiotic stress. ResultsHerein, we investigate one of cassava drought-responsive CC-type glutaredoxins, namely MeGRXC3, that involved in regulation of mannitol-induced inhibition on seed germination and seedling growth in transgenic Arabidopsis. MeGRXC3 overexpression up-regulates several stress-related transcription factor genes, such as PDF1.2, ERF6, WRKY40, and WRKY53 in Arabidopsis. Protein interaction assays show that MeGRXC3 interacts with Arabidopsis TGA2 and TGA5 in the nucleus. Eliminated nuclear localization of MeGRXC3 failed to result mannitol-induced inhibition of seed germination and seedling growth in transgenic Arabidopsis. Mutation analysis of MeGRXC3 indicates the importance of conserved motifs for its transactivation activity in yeast. Additionally, these motifs are also indispensable for its functionality in regulating mannitol-induced inhibition of seed germination and enhancement of the stress-related transcription factors in transgenic Arabidopsis.ConclusionsMeGRXC3 overexpression confers mannitol sensitivity in transgenic Arabidopsis possibly through interaction with TGA2/5 in the nucleus, and nuclear activity of MeGRXC3 is required for its function.

Citrus replant problem in Iraq I. Possible role of soil fungi and nematodes

1989 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Hassan ◽  
A. H. El-Behadli ◽  
I. S. Alsaadawi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Replant Problem

scholarly journals Fungi Tanah Perkebunan Kopi dan Potensinya sebagai Agen Antagonis (The Soil Fungi of The Coffee Plantation And Its Potential as Antagonistic Agent)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samingan Samingan
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
Antagonistic Fungi ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Evenness Indices

Abstrak Fungi tanah dari perkebunan kopi telah diisolasi untuk mendapatkan fungi antagonistik sebagai pengendali hayati untuk patogen busuk akar kopi. Sampel diambil dari 3 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bener Meriah Provinsi Aceh. Isolasi fungi dilakukan dengan metode pengenceran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fungi yang diisolasi dari perkebunan kopi Kabupaten Bener Meriah tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan indeks keragaman dan kemerataan. Ditemukan tiga kelompok fungi yang dominan ditemukan di 3 lokasi pengambilan sampel, yaitu Aspergillus, Penicillium dan Trichoderma. Hasil uji antagonistik menunjukkan bahwa Trichoderma sp2 memiliki kemampuan antagonistik yang lebih tinggi terhadap fungi patogen busuk akar kopi. Kata-kata kunci: fungi antagonis, fungi patogen, fungi tanah, busuk akar kopi   Abstract Soil fungi of the coffee plantation was isolated to find the antagonistic fungi as biocontrol agent for pathogenic fungi of coffee root rot. Samples were obtained from three subdistrict of Bener Meriah Regency in Aceh Province. Fungi isolates were obtained by the dilution method. The results showed that the fungi isolates from coffee plantation in Bener Meriah Regency were not different in diversity and evenness indices. There were three groups of dominant fungi in these 3 sampling locations, i.e. Aspergillus, Penicillium and Trichoderma. Based on antagonistic test, Trichoderma sp2 was able to inhibit the pathogenic fungi of coffee root rot. Key words: antagonistic fungi, pathogenic fungi, soil fungi, coffee root rot

scholarly journals The Response of Paraburkholderia terrae Strains to Two Soil Fungi and the Potential Role of Oxalate

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irshad Ul Haq ◽  
Reto Daniel Zwahlen ◽  
Pu Yang ◽  
Jan Dirk van Elsas
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Potential Role

Emerging evidence for potential role of Ca2+-ATPase-mediated calcium accumulation in symbiosomes of infected root nodule cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor M. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Given

Symbiosomes are organelle-like compartments responsible for nitrogen fixation in infected nodule cells of legumes, which are formed as a result of symbiotic association of soil bacteria rhizobia with certain plant root cells. They are virtually the only source of reduced nitrogen in the Earth’s biosphere, and consequently, are of great importance. It has been proven that the functioning of symbiosomes depends to a large extent on the transport of various metabolites and ions – most likely including Ca2+ – across the symbiosome membrane (SM). Although it has been well established that this cation is involved in the regulation of a broad spectrum of processes in cells of living organisms, its role in the functioning of symbiosomes remains obscure. This is despite available data indicating both its transport through the SM and accumulation within these compartments. This review summarises the results obtained in the course of studies on the given aspects of calcium behaviour in symbiosomes, and on this basis gives a possible explanation of the proper functional role in them of Ca2+.

scholarly journals Formation of Teleomorph of the White Root Rot Fungus, Rosellinia necatrix, and the Potential Role of its Ascospores as Inocula

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
J.S. Lee ◽  
K.S. Han ◽  
J.H. Park ◽  
Y.M. Park ◽  
Matsumoto Naoyuki
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Rosellinia Necatrix ◽  
White Root Rot

scholarly journals Fungi colonizing diseased plants of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum x grandiflorum /Ramat./ Kitam) grown under covers in Sandomierz region

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Marek Kopacki ◽  
Anna Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum ◽  
Pathogenic Species

Chrysanthemum is one of the most important ornamental plants growing under covers in Poland but it is often infected by soil fungi. Investigations were carried out in 1999-2001 (summer and autumn) in 9 horticultural farms in Sandomierz district. Plants with symptoms of stem and root rot, leaves yellows and wilt were noticed on the investigated plantations. The results of mycological analysis showed that chrysanthemum plants were colonized by <i>Fusarium</i> spp., <i>Cylindrocarpon</i> spp., <i>Rhizoctonia</i> spp., <i>Sclerotinia</i> spp. and <i>Alternaria</i> spp. Among isolated fungi <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i> and <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> were predominating pathogenic species. Cv. Snowdon was colonized by pathogens most frequently, while the population of pathogenic fungi from cv. Royalys was the lowest.

Detoxification of Benzoxazolinone Allelochemicals from Wheat byGaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, G. graminis var. graminis, G. graminis var.avenae, and Fusarium culmorum

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 2386-2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Friebe ◽  
V. Vilich ◽  
L. Hennig ◽  
M. Kluge ◽  
D. Sicker
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Hydroxamic Acids ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Cyclic Hydroxamic Acids

ABSTRACT The ability of phytopathogenic fungi to overcome the chemical defense barriers of their host plants is of great importance for fungal pathogenicity. We studied the role of cyclic hydroxamic acids and their related benzoxazolinones in plant interactions with pathogenic fungi. We identified species-dependent differences in the abilities of Gaeumannomyces graminis var.tritici, Gaeumannomyces graminis var.graminis, Gaeumannomyces graminis var.avenae, and Fusarium culmorum to detoxify these allelochemicals of gramineous plants. The G. graminisvar. graminis isolate degraded benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one (BOA) and 6-methoxy-benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one (MBOA) more efficiently than did G. graminis var.tritici and G. graminis var. avenae. F. culmorum degraded BOA but not MBOA.N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-malonamic acid andN-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-malonamic acid were the primary G. graminis var. graminis andG. graminis var. tritici metabolites of BOA and MBOA, respectively, as well as of the related cyclic hydroxamic acids. 2-Amino-3H-phenoxazin-3-one was identified as an additional G. graminis var. triticimetabolite of BOA. No metabolite accumulation was detected forG. graminis var. avenae and F. culmorum by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The mycelial growth of the pathogenic fungi was inhibited more by BOA and MBOA than by their related fungal metabolites. The tolerance ofGaeumannomyces spp. for benzoxazolinone compounds is correlated with their detoxification ability. The ability ofGaeumannomyces isolates to cause root rot symptoms in wheat (cultivars Rektor and Astron) parallels their potential to degrade wheat allelochemicals to nontoxic compounds.

POPDC proteins and cardiac function

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brand
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
And Function

Abstract The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.

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