Fungi colonizing diseased plants of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum x grandiflorum /Ramat./ Kitam) grown under covers in Sandomierz region

Chrysanthemum is one of the most important ornamental plants growing under covers in Poland but it is often infected by soil fungi. Investigations were carried out in 1999-2001 (summer and autumn) in 9 horticultural farms in Sandomierz district. Plants with symptoms of stem and root rot, leaves yellows and wilt were noticed on the investigated plantations. The results of mycological analysis showed that chrysanthemum plants were colonized by Fusarium spp., Cylindrocarpon spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Sclerotinia spp. and Alternaria spp. Among isolated fungi Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium avenaceum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were predominating pathogenic species. Cv. Snowdon was colonized by pathogens most frequently, while the population of pathogenic fungi from cv. Royalys was the lowest.

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THE EFFECT OF FUNGAL ACTIVITY ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS OF DIFFERENT CANNA CULTIVARS UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus ◽

10.24326/asphc.2019.3.19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Marek Kopacki ◽

Mariusz Szmagara ◽

Agnieszka Jamiołkowska ◽

Barbara Skwaryło-Bednarz ◽

Krystyna Rysiak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Disease Index ◽

Fusarium Avenaceum ◽

Photosynthetic Parameters ◽

Pathogenic Species ◽

Fusarium Spp ◽

La Boheme

Three-year studies (2014–2016) were conducted in Lublin in the south-east Poland. The objects of research were the plants of ten canna cultivars: ‘Aida’, ‘America’, ‘Botanica’, ‘Cherry Red’, ‘La Boheme’, ‘Lucifer’, ‘Picasso’, ‘Robert Kemp’, ‘President’ and ‘Wyoming’. Observations were carried out each year in October. Plants with symptoms of stem and root rot, leaves yellowing and wilt were noticed on the investigated plantations. The plants were studied with regard to photosynthetic activity and also by disease index for all cultivars and statistical analysis was carried out upon them. The effect of disease index on photosynthetic intensity and transpiration was determined after the calculation of Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Infected plants were collected for mycological analysis. The results of mycological analysis showed that canna plants were colonized by Fusarium spp., Sclerotinia spp. and Alternaria spp. Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium avenaceum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum predominated among pathogenic species. The best health status and the lowest number of colonies were noticed for plants of cv. ‘Botanica’. The infection of canna leaves by pathogenic fungi has negatively affected the intensity of photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance and sub-stomatal CO2 concentration and it was largely related to the degree of infestation of specified varieties of canna. The photosynthesis process was limited especially in ‘La Boheme’, ‘Picasso’, ‘Cherry Red’ and ‘President’ cultivars, which were infected most frequently by pathogenic fungi. It was confirmed by negative Pearson’s coefficient.

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Patogenic fungi associated with blue lupine seeds

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1995.016 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 59-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Bogdan Nowicki

Keyword(s):

Botrytis Cinerea ◽

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Fusarium Avenaceum ◽

Pathogenic Species ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Stemphylium Botryosum ◽

Phomopsis Leptostromiformis ◽

Fusarium Semitectum

Over 10% ofseeds harvested in 1991 and 1992 (50 samples, 400 seeds in each sample) proved to be infested with various fungi. Fusarium spp. and Botrytis cinerea were the most common pathogens isolated. Fusarium avenaceum was the most common and highIy pathogenic species. Fusarium semitectum and F. tricinctum were highly pathogenic to lupin seedlings but they were the least common Fusarium isolated from seeds. Similarily, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was isolated only from 0,2% seeds tested but this fungus was highly pathogenic to lupin seedlings. Some other fungi know as lupin pathogens (F. oxysporum, Stemphylium botryosum, Pleiochaeta setosa and Phomopsis leptostromiformis) were also noted in tested seeds.

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Susceptibility of different parsley cultivars to infestation by pathogenic fungi

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2005.042 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 163-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jacek Nawrocki

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Fusarium Avenaceum ◽

Damping Off ◽

Stemphylium Botryosum ◽

Cylindrocarpon Destructans ◽

Second Year

The experiments were carried out in the years 2002 and 2003 on parsley seeds of 6 cultivars: Alba, Berlińska, Cukrowa, Kinga, Lenka, and Vistula. Mycological analysis of parsley seeds showed that the most common inhabitans were fungi from genus Alternaria (mainly A. alternata and A. radicina) and Fusarium, especially F. avenaceum and F. oxysporum. During the glasshouse investigations fungi Alternaria radicina, A. alternata and Fusarium avenaceum were the main reason for parsley damping-off. The highest number of infected seedlings was observed for Berlińska and Kinga, because in both years of experiments these cultivars had the lowest number of healthy seedlings. The highest number of healthy seedlings had cultivars Alba and Lenka, especially in the second year of experiments. In the field experiments not only fungi from genus Alternaria and Fusarium were the most often isolated from diseased parsley seedlings. Fusarium oxysporum was more often isolated from diseased field seedlings than from glasshouse parsley seedlings. Other fungies isolated often from parsley seedlings cultivated in the field were: Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Cylindrocarpon destructans and Stemphylium botryosum.

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Effect of Dinitroanilines on Solanaceous Vegetables and Soil Fungi

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500035517 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 243-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Y. Eshel ◽

J. Katan

Keyword(s):

Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Root Elongation ◽

Soil Fungi ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Crop Tolerance ◽

Low Toxicity ◽

Black Beauty ◽

Sensitive Fungus

The phytotoxicities of four substituted dinitroanilines,N-butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine (benefin), 2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylcumidine (isopropalin), 4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline (nitralin), and α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin), to eggplant(Solarium melongenaL. ‘Black Beauty’), pepper(Capsicum annuumL. ‘Vindale’), and tomato(Lycopersicon esculentumMill. ‘VF 145-B-7879′) were studied. Nitralin and trifluralin were most active in inhibiting root elongation and top growth of these plants, the effect of benefin was intermediate, and isopropalin was the least active herbicide. The order of crop tolerance was as follows: tomato > pepper > eggplant. The effect of these herbicides on two pathogenic fungi,Rhizoctonia solaniKuehn andFusarium oxysporumf. sp.lycopersici(Sacc.) Snyd. and Hans. was tested in culture and was found to be quantitatively and qualitatively different from that on plants. With both fungi benefin and trifluralin were more toxic than isopropalin, while nitralin showed a very low toxicity.R. solaniwas the less sensitive fungus.

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The effect of chitosan on limitation of growth and development of some pathogenic fungi for ornamental plants

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2001.002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 17-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alicja Saniewska

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Inhibitory Action ◽

Marked Effect ◽

Ornamental Plants ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Crab Shell ◽

Necrotic Spots ◽

Tulip Bulbs

The inhibitory effect of crab-shell chitosan, medium (200-800 cps) and high molecular weight ( 800-2000 cps) (purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals) toward Alternaria alternata, Botrytis tulipae, Fiisarium oxysporum f. sp. callistephi, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae, Phoma narcissi and Phoma poolensis was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The chitosan evidently inhibited in vitro growth of all tested pathogens, with a marked effect at higher concentrations above 200 μg/cm3. Chitosan at a concentration of 1,25; 2,5 and 5,0 mg/cm3 didn't have inhibitory action in appearance of fungi growth on naturally contaminated Callistephus chinensis seeds. At the same concentrations, chitosan applied as bulb scales dressing of Hymenocallis narcissiflora bulbs, before inoculation or after inoculation with Phoma narcissi, inhibited the development of necrotic spots on scales. Chitosan used preventively or curatively at a concentrations of 1,25; 2,5 and 5,0 mg/cm3 indicated inhibitory effect on development of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae on tulip bulbs. Chitosan at a concentration of 10 mg/cm3 applied preventively (first spray 12th June) was very effective in the control of Puccinia antirrhini on snapdragon in the field. The strongest inhibitory effect was observed on snapdragon treated 8 times at week intervals.

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Fungi Tanah Perkebunan Kopi dan Potensinya sebagai Agen Antagonis (The Soil Fungi of The Coffee Plantation And Its Potential as Antagonistic Agent)

JURNAL BIOS LOGOS ◽

10.35799/jbl.5.1.2015.9318 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Samingan Samingan

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Soil Fungi ◽

Biocontrol Agent ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Coffee Plantation ◽

Antagonistic Fungi ◽

Sampling Locations ◽

Aceh Province ◽

Evenness Indices

Abstrak Fungi tanah dari perkebunan kopi telah diisolasi untuk mendapatkan fungi antagonistik sebagai pengendali hayati untuk patogen busuk akar kopi. Sampel diambil dari 3 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bener Meriah Provinsi Aceh. Isolasi fungi dilakukan dengan metode pengenceran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fungi yang diisolasi dari perkebunan kopi Kabupaten Bener Meriah tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan indeks keragaman dan kemerataan. Ditemukan tiga kelompok fungi yang dominan ditemukan di 3 lokasi pengambilan sampel, yaitu Aspergillus, Penicillium dan Trichoderma. Hasil uji antagonistik menunjukkan bahwa Trichoderma sp2 memiliki kemampuan antagonistik yang lebih tinggi terhadap fungi patogen busuk akar kopi. Kata-kata kunci: fungi antagonis, fungi patogen, fungi tanah, busuk akar kopi Abstract Soil fungi of the coffee plantation was isolated to find the antagonistic fungi as biocontrol agent for pathogenic fungi of coffee root rot. Samples were obtained from three subdistrict of Bener Meriah Regency in Aceh Province. Fungi isolates were obtained by the dilution method. The results showed that the fungi isolates from coffee plantation in Bener Meriah Regency were not different in diversity and evenness indices. There were three groups of dominant fungi in these 3 sampling locations, i.e. Aspergillus, Penicillium and Trichoderma. Based on antagonistic test, Trichoderma sp2 was able to inhibit the pathogenic fungi of coffee root rot. Key words: antagonistic fungi, pathogenic fungi, soil fungi, coffee root rot

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Potential role of fungi and bacteria in Chinese fir replant soil

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b94-010 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 73-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Qishui Zhang ◽

John C. Zak

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Root Rot ◽

Soil Bacteria ◽

Soil Fungi ◽

Potential Role ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Chinese Fir ◽

Biotic Factors ◽

Replant Problem

The role of soil fungi and Bacillus in the Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) replant problem was investigated. Several pathogenic fungi isolated were more abundant in replant than in non-replant woodland soil, but the species composition of soil bacteria showed no significant differences. Fumigation of replant soils with methyl bromide significantly increased the growth of Chinese fir compared with nonfumigated soils. Inoculation of steam-sterilized soil with the pathogenic fungi caused significant reduction of growth of Chinese fir seedlings, while amendment with bacteria from the soil had no effect on seedling growth. However, the combination of pathogenic fungi and bacteria greatly reduced plant growth and increased root rot compared with pathogenic fungi or bacteria alone. It is suggested that fungi alone or in combination with bacteria may be important biotic factors in the Chinese fir replant problem. Key words: fungi, bacteria, Chinese fir, replanted soil, seedling growth.

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Influence of waterlogging on growth of pyrethrum plants infected by the crown and root rot pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium avenaceum and Paraphoma vinacea

Australasian Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s13313-018-0547-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 205-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Azin Moslemi ◽

Peter K. Ades ◽

Tim Groom ◽

Marc E. Nicolas ◽

Paul W. J. Taylor

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Root Rot ◽

Fusarium Avenaceum ◽

Crown And Root Rot

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Can lichen secondary compounds impact upon the pathogenic soil fungi Fusarium oxysporum and F. avenaceum?

Folia Cryptogamica Estonica ◽

10.12697/fce.2021.58.18 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 165-181

Author(s):

Agata Tekiela ◽

Łukasz Furmanek ◽

Magdalena Andrusiewicz ◽

Grzegorz Bara ◽

Mark R. D. Seaward ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Soil Fungi ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Secondary Compounds ◽

Control Test ◽

Pseudevernia Furfuracea ◽

Lichen Metabolites

The antifungal activity of secondary lichen metabolites extracted by means of acetone and ethanol from Cetraria islandica, Cladonia mitis, C. rangiferina, Pseudevernia furfuracea and Usnea dasopoga on the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and F. avenacuem was examined. The activity of extracted compounds was tested after their mixture with PDA medium before solidification. The most active extracts inhibiting the growth of fungal mycelia contained fumarprotocetraric, salazinic and usnic acids, and atranorin. Unparalleled activity was demonstrated by an ethanol extract from mixed C. islandica and P. furfuracea thalli, which accelerated the growth of F. avenaceum compared with the control test with ethanol. The growth rate of the two Fusarium representatives was strongly inhibited by both alcoholic extracts from C. mitis and from C. rangiferina, more strongly than by the extracts from the mixed thalli of the two terricolous taxa. A dose of 1 ml of acetone added to the medium had no significant effect on the growth of the tested fungi; it indicates usefulness of acetone as a solvent for some lichen compounds in this type of experiment.

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