POPDC proteins and cardiac function

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brand
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
And Function

Abstract The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.

scholarly journals Functional Interactomes of Genes Showing Association with Type-2 Diabetes and Its Intermediate Phenotypic Traits Point towards Adipo-Centric Mechanisms in Its Pathophysiology

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Aditya Saxena ◽  
Nitin Wahi ◽  
Anshul Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Antidiabetic Treatment

The pathogenic mechanisms causing type 2 diabetes (T2D) are still poorly understood; a greater awareness of its causation can lead to the development of newer and better antidiabetic drugs. In this study, we used a network-based approach to assess the cellular processes associated with protein–protein interaction subnetworks of glycemic traits—HOMA-β and HOMA-IR. Their subnetworks were further analyzed in terms of their overlap with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in pancreatic, muscle, and adipose tissue in diabetics. We found several DEGs in these tissues showing an overlap with the HOMA-β subnetwork, suggesting a role of these tissues in β-cell failure. Many genes in the HOMA-IR subnetwork too showed an overlap with the HOMA-β subnetwork. For understanding the functional theme of these subnetworks, a pathway-to-pathway complementary network analysis was done, which identified various adipose biology-related pathways, containing genes involved in both insulin secretion and action. In conclusion, network analysis of genes showing an association between T2D and its intermediate phenotypic traits suggests their potential role in beta cell failure. These genes enriched the adipo-centric pathways and were expressed in both pancreatic and adipose tissue and, therefore, might be one of the potential targets for future antidiabetic treatment.

scholarly journals Endocrine Significance of SARS-CoV-2’s Reliance on ACE2

Endocrinology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 161 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Lazartigues ◽  
Mirza Muhammad Fahd Qadir ◽  
Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Global Impact ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Function ◽  
Endocrine Tissues

Abstract The current COVID-19 pandemic is the most disruptive event in the past 50 years, with a global impact on health care and world economies. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a coronavirus that uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as an entry point to the cells. ACE2 is a transmembrane carboxypeptidase and member of the renin-angiotensin system. This mini-review summarizes the main findings regarding ACE2 expression and function in endocrine tissues. We discuss rapidly evolving knowledge on the potential role of ACE2 and SARS coronaviruses in endocrinology and the development of diabetes mellitus, hypogonadism, and pituitary and thyroid diseases.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Seminal Plasma in the Fertilization Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Szczykutowicz ◽  
Anna Kałuża ◽  
Maria Kaźmierowska-Niemczuk ◽  
Mirosława Ferens-Sieczkowska
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Healthy Pregnancy ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
And Function

For human infertility both male and female factors may be equally important. Searching for molecular biomarkers of male infertility, neglected for decades, and the attempts to explain regulatory mechanisms of fertilization become thus extremely important. Apart from examination of the structure and function of male gametes, also the possible importance of seminal plasma components should be considered. In this article we discuss data that indicate for the substantial significance of active seminal plasma components for conception and achievement of healthy pregnancy. Seminal plasma impact on the storage and cryopreservation of human and animal sperm and regulatory role of glycodelin on human sperm capacitation as well as hypothesized course of female immune response to allogenic sperm and conceptus has been discussed. The possible involvement of carbohydrates in molecular mechanism of fetoembryonic defense has been also mentioned.

scholarly journals A Potential Role of R-cadherin in Striated Muscle Formation

1997 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rosenberg ◽  
Farzad Esni ◽  
Anders Sjödin ◽  
Lionel Larue ◽  
Leif Carlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Muscle Formation

Ablation of adipose-HO-1 expression increases white fat over beige fat through inhibition of mitochondrial fusion and of PGC1α in female mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra P. Singh ◽  
Ilana Grant ◽  
Aliza Meissner ◽  
Attallah Kappas ◽  
Nader G. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Knockout Mouse ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Mitochondrial Quality Control ◽  
Knockout Mouse Model ◽  
Genetic Ablation ◽  
Beige Fat ◽  
And Function ◽  
White Fat

AbstractBackgroundHmox1 plays an important role in the regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics and function by regulating cellular heme-derived CO and bilirubin. Previous studies have demonstrated that global disruption of HO-1 in humans and mice resulted in severe organ dysfunction.MethodsWe investigated the potential role of adipose-specific-HO-1 genetic ablation on adipose tissue function, mitochondrial quality control and energy expenditure by generating an adipo-HO-1 knockout mouse model (Adipo-HO-1ResultsAdipo-HO-1ConclusionAblation of adipose tissue-HO-1 abridged PGC1 expression promoted mitochondrial dysfunction and contributed to an increase of pro-inflammatory visceral fat and abrogated beige-cell like phenotype.

scholarly journals The Role of Phosphotyrosine Signaling Pathway in Parotid Gland Proliferation and Function

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.R. Purushotham ◽  
M.G. Humphreys-Beher
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Secretory Function ◽  
Phosphotyrosine Signaling ◽  
And Function ◽  
Active Proliferation

Tyrosine phosphorylation and the intracellular signaling processes associated with it have been the focus of intense study due to its importance in the regulation of biological processes as diverse as cell proliferation and cell differentiation. While much of what we now understand has been derived from the study of cell lines and tumor cells, the salivary glands provide a model to examine the effects of tyrosine kinases and tyrosine phosphatases in a normal differentiated tissue. This review will focus, therefore, on the role tyrosine kinases and phosphatases play in inducing the transition from stasis to active proliferation and their potential role in mediating secretory function of the salivary glands.

scholarly journals Targeting the Interleukin-6/Jak/Stat Pathway in Human Malignancies

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1005-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Sansone ◽  
Jacqueline Bromberg
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Metastatic Progression ◽  
And Function ◽  
Principal Pathway ◽  
Stat Pathway

The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak/Stat) pathway was discovered 20 years ago as a mediator of cytokine signaling. Since this time, more than 2,500 articles have been published demonstrating the importance of this pathway in virtually all malignancies. Although there are dozens of cytokines and cytokine receptors, four Jaks, and seven Stats, it seems that interleukin-6–mediated activation of Stat3 is a principal pathway implicated in promoting tumorigenesis. This transcription factor regulates the expression of numerous critical mediators of tumor formation and metastatic progression. This review will examine the relative importance and function of this pathway in nonmalignant conditions as well as malignancies (including tumor intrinsic and extrinsic), the influence of other Stats, the development of inhibitors to this pathway, and the potential role of inhibitors in controlling or eradicating cancers.

scholarly journals Skeletal muscle and resistance exercise training; the role of protein synthesis in recovery and remodeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris McGlory ◽  
Michaela C. Devries ◽  
Stuart M. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Translational Efficiency ◽  
Exercise Science ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training

Exercise results in the rapid remodeling of skeletal muscle. This process is underpinned by acute and chronic changes in both gene and protein synthesis. In this short review we provide a brief summary of our current understanding regarding how exercise influences these processes as well as the subsequent impact on muscle protein turnover and resultant shift in muscle phenotype. We explore concepts of ribosomal biogenesis and the potential role of increased translational capacity vs. translational efficiency in contributing to muscular hypertrophy. We also examine whether high-intensity sprinting-type exercise promotes changes in protein turnover that lead to hypertrophy or merely a change in mitochondrial content. Finally, we propose novel areas for future study that will fill existing knowledge gaps in the fields of translational research and exercise science.

scholarly journals Activity and Function of the PRMT8 Protein Arginine Methyltransferase in Neurons

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1132
Author(s):  
Rui Dong ◽  
Xuejun Li ◽  
Kwok-On Lai
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Protein Arginine Methyltransferases ◽  
Synapse Maturation ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
And Function ◽  
Neuronal Functions ◽  
Mammalian Protein

Among the nine mammalian protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), PRMT8 is unusual because it has restricted expression in the nervous system and is the only membrane-bound PRMT. Emerging studies have demonstrated that this enzyme plays multifaceted roles in diverse processes in neurons. Here we will summarize the unique structural features of PRMT8 and describe how it participates in various neuronal functions such as dendritic growth, synapse maturation, and synaptic plasticity. Recent evidence suggesting the potential role of PRMT8 function in neurological diseases will also be discussed.

scholarly journals Lung ultrasound in COVID-19: a useful diagnostic tool

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianmarco Secco ◽  
Marzia Delorenzo ◽  
Caterina Zattera ◽  
Bianca Giacomuzzi Moore ◽  
Lorenzo Demitry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Short Review ◽  
World Health ◽  
Emergency Setting ◽  
Inherent Risk ◽  
Therapeutic Protocols ◽  
Health Organization

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), caused by a novel enveloped RNA betacoronavirus, has recently been declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO). The lack of knowledge at the beginning of the pandemics, associated with the inherent risk of infective spreading, makes initial recognition and management particularly complex, in terms of defining effective diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. In the Emergency setting, Lung Ultrasound (LUS) can play an important role in the management of patients with SARS-CoV2-related pneumonia, expanding from the initial diagnosis to the subsequent monitoring and follow-up. Among many other potential advantages (such has the absence of ionizing radiation, its inherent costeffectiveness, and bedside repeatability), LUS provides immediate diagnostic response and might prevent the risk of spreading the infection by moving the patient from the Emergency Room to the Radiology facilities. Aim of this short review is to define the potential role of lung ultrasound in Covid-19 patients, according to the evidence in the medical literature

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