Fungal endophytes from the roots of alpine and boreal Ericaceae

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 1570-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hambleton ◽  
Randolph S. Currah
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Phialocephala Fortinii ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Oidiodendron Maius ◽  
Polymorphism Data ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Diverse Plant

Oidiodendron mains Barron, Scytalidiutn vaccinii Dalpé, Litten, & Sigler, and a variable white taxon (VWT) were isolated consistently from the roots of ericaceous plants collected in three different habitats. Restriction fragment length polymorphism data were used to (i) clarify the identification of strains of O. maius with character states intermediate between O. maius and Oidiodendron griseum Robak, (ii) identify the VWT as distinct from S. vaccinii in spite of cultural similarities, and (iii) reveal that S. vaccinii comprises two genotypes correlated with habitat. Corn meal agar was used to induce conidiogenesis in S. vaccinii, and one strain produced apothecia consistent with the description of Hymenoscyphus ericae (Read) Korf & Kernan, confirming the anamorph–teleomorph relationship of these two taxa. Oidiodendron maius and S. vaccinii, already accepted as mycobionts of the Ericaceae, are confirmed as ubiquitous in natural habitats of Alberta and are often both isolated from the same root fragment. The isolation of Phialocephala fortinii Wang & Wilcox, a non-mycorrhizal endophyte of diverse plant families, from two of the sites but not from the acidic wetland indicates that its distribution depends on edaphic factors. Its vigorous growth on the initial isolation plates adversely affected the recovery of the other three taxa. Key words: ericoid mycorrhiza, Ericaceae, RFLP, Oidiodendron, Scytalidium, Hymenoscyphus, Phialocephala.

Ommatissus lybicus (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae), an economically important pest of date palm (Arecaceae) with highly divergent populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdoolnabi Bagheri ◽  
Yaghoub Fathipour ◽  
Majeed Askari-Seyahooei ◽  
Mehrshad Zeinalabedini
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Polymorphism Data ◽  
Coi Sequences

AbstractOmmatissus lybicus de Bergevin (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae) is a key pest of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera Linnaeus; Arecaceae) with worldwide distribution and various management strategies. To study genetic diversity of date palm hopper, a series of experiments was conducted on genetic structure and genetic diversity of 15 geographic populations of O. lybicus (Abu Musa, Bam, Bushehr, Behbahan, Tezerj, Fin, Jiroft, Shahdad, Jahrom, Ghire Karzin, Ghasre Shirin, Iran; Pakistan; Oman; Egypt; and Tunisia) by amplified fragment length polymorphism, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), and 28S rRNA markers. Analysis of molecular variance analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism data and COI sequences revealed a significant variation among O. lybicus populations (94.12% and 65.08% similarities for amplified fragment length polymorphism and COI, respectively). The 28S rDNA sequences from different populations were identical. Phylogenetic network inferred from amplified fragment length polymorphism data and COI sequences grouped two geographically close populations (Tezerj and Bam) in the two distinct clades while far apart geographical populations bunched in the same or close clades. These two populations experience repeated exposure to heavy pesticide applications annually. In conclusion, study of the genetic structure revealed a considerable variation between O. lybicus populations under intensive chemical strategies.

Evolutionary relationships ofHyphodiscus hymeniophilus(anamorphCatenulifera rhodogena) inferred from β-tubulin and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy A. Untereiner ◽  
Françoise A. Naveau ◽  
Jason Bachewich ◽  
Andrea Angus
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Phialocephala Fortinii ◽  
Piptoporus Betulinus ◽  
Close Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Β Tubulin

During an investigation of lignicolous ascomycetes from Luxembourg, we isolated a Phialophora -like species that produced striking red colonies. To confirm the identity of this fungus as Catenulifera rhodogena , we compared it with isolates of Catenulifera rhodogena and Hyphodiscus hymeniophilus on a variety of media. Portions of the β-tubulin gene and the nuclear ribosomal DNA cistron (internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and large subunit (LSU)) were sequenced to examine the relationship of isolates of Catenulifera rhodogena and Hyphodiscus hymeniophilus from different substrates and to test the hypothesis that Cadophora and Catenulifera are congeneric. The phylogenetic position of Catenulifera within the Ascomycota was investigated based on the analysis of the small-subunit (SSU) rDNA sequences. The isolates examined were indistinguishable micromorphologically and closely related phylogenetically. Three strains of Catenulifera rhodogena from bark or wood and one strain from Piptoporus betulinus formed a strongly supported clade in analyses of β-tubulin and ITS sequences. This clade did not encompass the ex-type isolates of Cistella rubescens and Scopulariopsis rhodogena or a second isolate of Catenulifera rhodogena from Piptoporus betulinus. Analysis of partial LSU sequences confirmed the close phylogenetic relationship of Catenulifera rhodogena and Hyphodiscus hymeniophilus but provided no evidence that the isolates could be grouped by substrate or that Catenulifera is synonymous with Cadophora. The position of Catenulifera within the Helotiales was not resolved based on the comparison of LSU and SSU sequences, but the isolate for which we obtained complete SSU sequence grouped with the root endophyte Phialocephala fortinii. Comparison of ITS sequences confirmed the close phylogenetic relationship of Hyphodiscus to members of the Dermateaceae and Hyaloscyphaceae.

A new species of Hubera (Annonaceae) from Peninsular India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (1) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muralidharan Ramachandran ◽  
DUVURU NARASIMHAN ◽  
NATESAN BALACHANDRAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Problematic Case ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Diverse Plant

Annonaceae, one of the most diverse plant families in tropical forests, comprise roughly 108 genera and 2400 species (Rainer et al. 2006, Chatrou et al. 2012). As per the current understanding, Annonaceae have four subfamilies: Anaxagoreoideae, Ambavioideae, Annonoideae and Malmeoideae (Chatrou et al. 2012). Phylogenetic studies on Annonaceae (Mols et al. 2004; Erkens et al. 2007; Su et al. 2008; Nakkuntod et al. 2009; Chatrou et al. 2012) have brought significant changes in circumscription and nomenclature of several genera due to the strict adherence to the principle of monophyly (Su et al. 2005, 2010; Rainer, 2007; Mols et al. 2008; Saunders, 2009; Chaowasku et al. 2011, 2012; Xue et al. 2012, 2014). The problematic case of the polyphyletic genus Polyalthia Blume s.l. (1830: 68) has recently been studied phylogenetically in detail and presently is fully solved; species of Polyalthia s.l. have been segregated into several smaller monophyletic genera, for example, Fenerivia Diels (1925: 355; Saunders et al. 2011), Hubera Chaowasku (2012: 46; Chaowasku et al. 2012), Maasia Mols, Keßler  & Rogstad (2008: 493; Mols et al. 2008), Marsypopetalum Scheffer (1870: 342; Xue et al. 2011) and Monoon Miquel (1865: 15; Xue et al. 2012).

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Tropical Orchid Hybrids (Dendrobium) with Fluorescence Amplified Fragment-length Polymorphism (AFLP)

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 731-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Xiang ◽  
Y. Hong ◽  
L.T. Lam-Chan
Keyword(s):  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Tropical Orchid ◽  
Trade Names ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Intensive Breeding ◽  
Different Parts

Intensive breeding activities of tropical orchids have given rise to many hybrids, among which genetic relationships are difficult to evaluate due to free interbreeding of different species in the same genus or even from different genera, the use of hybrids for further breeding, use of abbreviated or trade names and sometimes intentional non-disclosure of parentage for commercial considerations. We have subjected 43 popular commercial Dendrobium hybrids to fluorescence amplified length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis and their genetic relationship was estimated. The hybrids bearing flowers of similar shapes and colors were clustered into five groups. Each hybrid tested had a distinct AFLP fingerprint profile except the tissue culture mutants. Sibling hybrids were closely clustered (with genetic distance <0.09) followed by those sharing one parent. These results suggest that AFLP fingerprint profiling gives accurate and objective estimation of genetic relationship of the Dendrobium hybrids tested. Our study also found that the AFLP fingerprint profiles were uniform in different parts of tested plants, stable among individuals in vegetatively propagated populations throughout different growth periods. We conclude that AFLP fingerprint profiling has the potential to be an integral part of current new plant varieties protection sytems.

scholarly journals (278) Genetic Variability and Relationship of Caladium Cultivars As Revealed with Molecular Markers

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036D-1037
Author(s):  
Zhanao Deng ◽  
Jinguo Hu ◽  
Fahrettin Goktepe ◽  
Brady A. Vick ◽  
Brent K. Harbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Target Region ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Improvement ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Cultivated caladiums are valued for their bright colorful leaves and are widely used in containers and landscapes. More than 1500 named cultivars have been introduced during the past 150 years, yet currently only about 100 cultivars are in commercial propagation in Florida. Caladium tubers produced in Florida account for 95% of the world supplies. Loss of caladium germplasm or genetic diversity has been a concern to future improvement of this plant. In addition, the relationship among the available cultivars, particularly those of close resemblance, has been lacking. This study was conducted to assess the genetic variability and relationship in commercial cultivars and species accessions. Fifty-seven major cultivars and 15 caladium species accessions were analyzed using the target region amplification polymorphism marker technique. This marker system does not involve DNA restriction or adaptor linking, but shares the same high throughput and reliability with the amplified fragment length polymorphism system (AFLP). Eight primer combinations amplified 379 scorable DNA fragments among the caladium samples. A high level of polymorphism was detected among the species accessions as well as among cultivars. These markers allowed differentiation of all the cultivars tested, including those hardly distinguishable morphologically. Clustering analysis based on these DNA fingerprints separated the cultivars into five clusters and Caladium lindenii far from other caladium species. The availability of this information will be very valuable for identifying and maintaining the core germplasm resources and will aid in selecting breeding parents for further improvement.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document