Biomass models for three species with different growth forms and geographic distribution in the Brazilian Atlantic forest

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Heitor Felippe Uller ◽  
Laio Zimermann Oliveira ◽  
Aline Renata Klitzke ◽  
Joberto Veloso de Freitas ◽  
Alexander Christian Vibrans
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Generic Models ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Individual Trees

Allometric models embedding independent variables such as diameter at breast height (d) and total height (h) are useful tools to predict the biomass of individual trees. Models for tropical forests are often constructed based on datasets composed of species with different morphological features and architectural models. It is reasonable to expect, however, that species-specific models may reduce uncertainties in biomass predictions, especially for palms, tree ferns, and trees with peculiar morphological features, such as stilt roots and hollow trunks. In this sense, three species with wide geographical distribution in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest were sampled, namely Euterpe edulis Mart., Cyathea delgadii Sternb., and Cecropia glaziovii Snethl., with the aim to (i) quantify their aboveground biomass (AGB), (ii) evaluate the AGB distribution in different plant compartments, (iii) fit species-specific models for predicting AGB at the individual level, and (iv) assess the performance of specific and generic models available in the literature to predict the AGB of individuals of these species. The compartment stem represented, on average, ∼74% of the total AGB of E. edulis individuals; in turn, the caudex compartment of C. delgadii represented, on average, ∼87% of the total AGB, while the trunk compartment of C. glaziovii represented, on average, ∼74%. Among the fitted models, the power model [Formula: see text] showed the best performance for E. edulis and C. delgadii. In turn, the asymptotic logistic model [Formula: see text], where dc is the diameter above the upper stilt root, presented the best performance for C. glaziovii. The variable h appeared as the most important predictor of AGB of E. edulis and C. delgadii; in contrast, the stem and caudex mean basic specific gravities were not suitable predictors. The fitted species-specific models outperformed the specific and generic models selected from the literature. They may, therefore, contribute to the reduction of uncertainties in AGB estimates. In addition, the results support evidence that specific models may be necessary for species with different growth forms and (or) peculiar morphological features, especially those with great abundance and wide geographic distribution.

scholarly journals Croton sapiifolius Müll.Arg. In: a new occurrence for the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Hoehnea ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Freitas dos Santos ◽  
Ricarda Riina ◽  
Maria Beatriz Rossi Caruzo
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
The State ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Espirito Santo

ABSTRACT While studying Croton material collected in Espírito Santo, we found several specimens of Croton sapiifolius, a species previously restricted to the State of Bahia. The present paper updates our knowledge about the taxonomy, habitat and geographic distribution of C. sapiifolius. This finding increases the number of known Croton species occurring in Espírito Santo State to 20 and contributes to the knowledge of Croton of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

scholarly journals The protected tree Dimorphandra wilsonii (Fabaceae) is a population of inter-specific hybrids: recommendations for conservation in the Brazilian Cerrado/Atlantic Forest ecotone

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-203
Author(s):  
André Carneiro Muniz ◽  
José Pires Lemos-Filho ◽  
Helena Augusta Souza ◽  
Rafaela Cabral Marinho ◽  
Renata Santiago Buzatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Heterozygosity Excess ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Backgrounds and Aims Dimorphandra wilsonii Rizzini, a critically endangered and protected tree, has a restricted distribution in the ecotone between the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest in south-eastern Brazil. In this area, it co-occurs with D. mollis Benth., a common tree from the Cerrado, and D. exaltata Schott., a rare tree from the Atlantic Forest. Previous studies of D. wilsonii indicated heterozygosity excess at the individual level. Field observation of some intermediate phenotypes between D. wilsonii and both congeners suggests hybridization of D. wilsonii with D. mollis and/or D. exaltata. Here, we tested the hypothesis that D. wilsonii may have originated from hybridization between D. exaltata and D. mollis. We also performed cytogenetic analysis to examine if the heterozygosity excess could be explained by polyploidy in D. wilsonii. Methods We evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure of D. wilsonii using 11 nuclear simple sequence repeats (SSRs) genotyped in 152 individuals sampled across the taxon’s range. We performed comparative genetic analyses using overlapping SSR markers between D. wilsonii and previously published SSR data in D. mollis and D. exaltata to subsequently perform a series of allelic comparisons, multivariate and Bayesian analysis. Key Results Our results suggest that D. wilsonii individuals are most likely to correspond to F1 hybrids between D. exaltata and D. mollis. Cytogenetic analysis indicated that D. wilsonii is diploid with the same chromosome number as D. mollis (2n = 2x = 28). Conclusions Our study raises questions about the taxonomic status and the evolutionary future of D. wilsonii. We suggest that the conservation and management strategy for D. wilsonii should be revised and that it should take into account both parental Dimorphandra species in the ecotone, with special emphasis on the threatened D. exaltata. Finally, this study highlights the value of genetic information for the design of conservation strategies.

A new species of Eschweilera (Lecythidaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHEL RIBEIRO ◽  
SCOTT A. MORI ◽  
ANDERSON ALVES-ARAÚJO ◽  
ARIANE L. PEIXOTO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Area Of Occupancy ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
A New Species

Eschweilera sphaerocarpa (Lecythidaceae) is described here as a new species for science. It is closely related to Eschweilera complanata. Due to an area of occupancy of less than 10 km² this species is regarded as endangered according to the standards of the IUCN. This paper provides a description, illustration and, comments on geographic distribution and ecology. Additionally, a diagnostic key to the species of Eschweilera section Tetrapetala is provided.

scholarly journals First record of Selaginella conduplicata Spring (Selaginellaceae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Northeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1283-1287
Author(s):  
Luiz Armando de Araújo Góes-Neto ◽  
Alexandre Salino
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
First Record ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
Present Description

This is the first voucher-based record of Selaginella conduplicata Spring in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and the Brazilian Northeast. This species was considered restricted to the Amazon Basin, and here we report its occurrence beyond the Amazonian limits, expanding its distribution. Illustrations of the diagnostic characters of the species, information of geographic distribution and conservation status are presented. Besides, we present description as well as taxonomic and nomenclatural comments.

Revision of Eugenia section Phyllocalyx (Myrtaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 474 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
MARIANA DE OLIVEIRA BÜNGER ◽  
FIORELLA FERNANDA MAZINE ◽  
JOÃO RENATO STEHMANN
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Plant Collections

Eugenia section Phyllocalyx, a mainly Brazilian Atlantic Forest group of 16 species, is revised based on a study of over 2000 plant collections. The relationships of Eugenia sect. Phyllocalyx to other sections in Eugenia are discussed. All species are described and comments about geographic distribution and morphology are provided. An identification key and notes about its conservation status are also presented. Lectotypes are chosen for six species and second-step lectotypification is proposed for two species.

scholarly journals Rethinking the Coral Microbiome: Simplicity Exists within a Diverse Microbial Biosphere

mBio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Hernandez-Agreda ◽  
William Leggat ◽  
Pim Bongaerts ◽  
César Herrera ◽  
Tracy D. Ainsworth
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Coral Microbiome ◽  
Coral Holobiont ◽  
Environmentally Responsive ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Responsive Community

ABSTRACTStudies of the coral microbiome predominantly characterize the microbial community of the host species as a collective, rather than that of the individual. This ecological perspective on the coral microbiome has led to the conclusion that the coral holobiont is the most diverse microbial biosphere studied thus far. However, investigating the microbiome of the individual, rather than that of the species, highlights common and conserved community attributes which can provide insights into the significance of microbial associations to the host. Here, we show there are consistent characteristics between individuals in the proposed three components of the coral microbiome (i.e., “environmentally responsive community,” “resident or individual microbiome,” and “core microbiome”). We found that the resident microbiome of a photoendosymbiotic coral harbored <3% (∼605 phylotypes) of the 16S rRNA phylotypes associated with all investigated individuals of that species (“species-specific microbiome”) (∼21,654 phylotypes; individuals fromPachyseris speciosa[n= 123],Mycedium elephantotus[n= 95], andAcropora aculeus[n= 91] from 10 reef locations). The remaining bacterial phylotypes (>96%) (environmentally responsive community) of the species-specific microbiome were in fact not found in association with the majority of individuals of the species. Only 0.1% (∼21 phylotypes) of the species-specific microbiome of each species was shared among all individuals of the species (core microbiome), equating to ∼3.4% of the resident microbiome. We found taxonomic redundancy and consistent patterns of composition, structure, and taxonomic breadth across individual microbiomes from the three coral species. Our results demonstrate that the coral microbiome is structured at the individual level.IMPORTANCEWe propose that the coral holobiont should be conceptualized as a diverse transient microbial community that is responsive to the surrounding environment and encompasses a simple, redundant, resident microbiome and a small conserved core microbiome. Most importantly, we show that the coral microbiome is comparable to the microbiomes of other organisms studied thus far. Accurately characterizing the coral-microbe interactions provides an important baseline from which the functional roles and the functional niches within which microbes reside can be deciphered.

scholarly journals On the modelling of tropical tree growth: the importance of intra-specific trait variation, non-linear functions and phenotypic integration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Xiaoyang Song ◽  
Min Cao ◽  
Xiaobao Deng ◽  
Wenfu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Bayesian Models ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Linear Functions ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Trees

Abstract Background and Aims The composition and dynamics of plant communities arise from individual-level demographic outcomes, which are driven by interactions between phenotypes and the environment. Functional traits that can be measured across plants are frequently used to model plant growth and survival. Perhaps surprisingly, species average trait values are often used in these studies and, in some cases, these trait values come from other regions or averages calculated from global databases. This data aggregation potentially results in a large loss of valuable information that probably results in models of plant performance that are weak or even misleading. Methods We present individual-level trait and fine-scale growth data from &gt;500 co-occurring individual trees from 20 species in a Chinese tropical rain forest. We construct Bayesian models of growth informed by theory and construct hierarchical Bayesian models that utilize both individual- and species-level trait data, and compare these models with models only using individual-level data. Key Results We show that trait–growth relationships measured at the individual level vary across species, are often weak using commonly measured traits and do not align with the results of analyses conducted at the species level. However, when we construct individual-level models of growth using leaf area ratio approximations and integrated phenotypes, we generated strong predictive models of tree growth. Conclusions Here, we have shown that individual-level models of tree growth that are built using integrative traits always outperform individual-level models of tree growth that use commonly measured traits. Furthermore, individual-level models, generally, do not support the findings of trait–growth relationships quantified at the species level. This indicates that aggregating trait and growth data to the species level results in poorer and probably misleading models of how traits are related to tree performance.

scholarly journals Geographic distribution of Gastrotheca fissipes (Boulenger, 1888) (Anura: Hemiphractidae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 255-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Santana ◽  
S. Torquato ◽  
K. S. Vieira ◽  
W. L. S. Vieira ◽  
P. F. G. P. Montenegro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest

scholarly journals Phylogenomics of montane frogs of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest supports a scenario of isolation in sky islands followed by relative climatic stability

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio R. Pie ◽  
Brant C. Faircloth ◽  
Luiz F. Ribeiro ◽  
Marcos R. Bornschein ◽  
John E. McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Sky Islands ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Target Capture ◽  
Divergence Dating ◽  
Individual Trees

AbstractDespite encompassing a relatively small geographical area, montane regions harbor disproportionately high levels of species diversity and endemism. Yet, relatively little is known about the evolutionary mechanisms ultimately leading to montane diversity. In this study, we use target capture of ultraconserved elements to investigate the phylogenetic relationships and diversification patterns of Melanophryniscus (Bufonidae) and Brachycephalus (Brachycephalidae), two frog genera that occur in sky islands of the southern Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Specifically, we test whether diversification of montane species in these genera can be explained by a single climatic shift leading to isolation in sky islands, followed by relative climatic stability that maintained populations in allopatry. In both genera, the topologies inferred using concatenation and coalescent-based methods were concordant and had strong nodal support, except for a few recent splits. These recent splits tended to be supported by more informative loci (those with higher average bootstrap support), suggesting that, while individual trees may be well resolved, the relationships they recover are being obscured by non-informative data. Divergence dating of a combined dataset using both genera is consistent with concordant timing of their diversification. These results support the scenario of diversification-by-isolation in sky islands, and suggest that allopatry due to climatic gradients in montane regions are an important mechanism for generating species diversity and endemism in these regions.

Redefinition of Croton macrobothrys (Euphorbiaceae), a tree species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, with the description of a new subspecies

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 273 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA BEATRIZ ROSSI CARUZO ◽  
RAFAELA FREITAS DOS SANTOS ◽  
ANA CARLA FEIO ◽  
RENATA MARIA STROZI ALVES MEIRA ◽  
RICARDA RIINA
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
New Finding

Croton macrobothrys subsp. septentrionalis, a new subspecies of section Cyclostigma from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, is here described and illustrated. It occurs in moist forests between 100–1000 m of elevation in the states of Bahia, Alagoas, and NE Minas Gerais. Given this new finding, we expand the morphological delineation of Croton macrobothrys and update its geographic distribution. We also provide a key to the two subspecies and identify the name C. macrobothrys var. microbothrys as a nomen nudum under Croton echioideus in section Adenophylli.

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