scholarly journals Quantitative and qualitative comparison of three wet aggregate stability methods using a long-term tillage system and crop rotation experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.L. Van Eerd ◽  
A.H. DeBruyn ◽  
L. Ouellette ◽  
D.C. Hooker ◽  
D.E. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Capital Investment ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
No Till ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Wet Aggregate Stability

Automated wet-sieving is preferred for this clay loam soil due to better sensitivity and savings (time and disposables) despite a larger capital investment. Rotations with greater frequency of winter wheat and no-till compared with conventional plow system had greater wet aggregate stability values, indicating better surface soil quality.

Comparison of porosity in a Chernozemic clay loam soil under long-term conventional tillage and no-till

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Miller ◽  
E. G. Kokko ◽  
G. C. Kozub
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
No Till ◽  
Loam Soil

Tillage practice can alter soil structure, porosity and the size distribution of pores. Consequently, this study was conducted to compare the long-term (since 1968) effects of conventional tillage (CT) using a heavy-duty cultivator and no-till (NT) on structure and porosity of a Dark Brown Chernozem (clay loam) soil in southern Alberta. Number and porosity of total, round, intermediate and elongated pores, maximum equivalent circular diameter (MECD), and mean circularity of pore sizes 50–500 µm (P-150), 500–1000 µm (P-500) and >1000 µm (P-1000) diameter were quantified. These parameters were determined for three depths (0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm) and two orientations (vertical, horizontal) using UV-dye impregnated soil sections and image analysis. The surface soil (0–10 cm) of CT was dominantly granular-spongy, but for NT it was dominantly crack to massive. Since tillage treatments were not replicated, only general trends on the effect of tillage and its interaction with depth and orientation are given and probability levels are not reported. Tillage treatment had an influence on P-150 and P-500 pores but little or no influence on P-1000 pores. Mean number and porosity of total and intermediate P-500 pores, which are the most important pore size class for seedling root growth in these soils, were higher for CT than NT for the surface soil, but were higher for NT than CT for the subsoil. For example, the total porosity of P-500 pores was 2.21% for CT and 1.95% for NT at the 0- to10-cm depth, 3.80% for NT and 2.27% for CT at the 10- to 20-cm depth, and 3.18% for NT and 2.80% for CT at the 20- to 30-cm depth. These results suggested a higher potential for seedling root growth in the surface soil of CT, but a greater potential for root growth in the subsoil of NT. Key words: structure, porosity, image analysis, tillage

Effect of Long-term Cropping Systems on Soil Hydrophobicity of a Clay Loam Soil Under Dryland Conditions in Southern Alberta

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim J. Miller ◽  
Mallory Owen ◽  
Ben Ellert ◽  
Xueming Yang ◽  
Craig F. Drury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Soil Hydrophobicity

The objective was to quantify the effect of crop rotations, crop type, life cycle, nitrogen fertilizer, manure application, and fallow on soil hydrophobicity (SH). The SH was measured for a long-term (16 yr) dryland field experiment on a Dark Brown clay loam soil in southern Alberta, Canada. Mean SH was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) greater in rotations with grass, perennial crops, manure application, and continuous cropping; whereas cereal-legume rotations and N fertilizer effects were undetectable. A strong, positive correlation occurred between SH and soil organic carbon concentration (r=0.73). Soil water repellency should be measured on these plots using water-based methods.

Macronutrient status and yield stability of arecanut (Kahikuchi) under integrated nutrient management practice in Assam

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Paul ◽  
G.C. Acharya ◽  
M. Hussain ◽  
A.K. Ray ◽  
A.K. Sit
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Available N ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Term Field ◽  
Leaf N

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>A long term field   experiment was carried out in clay-loam soil at ICAR-CPCRI, Kahikuchi campus,   Guwahati, Assam during 2000-2012 with arecanut variety Kahikuchi with seven   nutrient combinations. The treatments included control (T1), 100 per cent   vermicompost (T2), 200 per cent vermicompost (T3), 100 per cent chemical   fertilizer (T4), 50 per cent vermicompost + 50 per cent chemical fertilizer   (T5), 1/3<sup>rd</sup> vermicompost + 2/3<sup>rd</sup> chemical fertilizer   (T6) and 2/3<sup>rd</sup> vermicompost + 1/3<sup>rd</sup> chemical fertilizer   (T7). The treatment T7 produced highest fresh ripened arecanut yield of 16.7   kg <em>i.e., </em>about 3.6 kg dry chali per palm. Positive correlations were   obtained between yield of arecanut and soil available N, P, K content.   Significant and positive correlation was found between leaf N, P, K and   available N, P, K content in surface and sub-surface soil. Available N, P and   K content increased over the year under nutrient applied plot that reflected   in yield of arecanut. The average yield in various treatments followed in the   order of T7 &gt; T5 = T6 &gt; T2 = T3 &gt; T4 &gt; T1. The application of   targeted, sufficient and balanced quantities of organic and inorganic   fertilizer will be the need of the hour to make nutrients available for   higher yield, soil fertility maintenance and agricultural sustainability   without polluting environment.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

CO2 Emissions and Maize Biomass Production Using Digestate Liquid Fraction in Two Soil Texture Types

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1325-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Maucieri ◽  
Maurizio Borin
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Emission Peak ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of soil texture and primary tillage type on soil CO2 emission and maize biomass production after digestate liquid fraction (DLF) spreading. The study was conducted in 2014 in two open fields at Terrasa Padovana (farm 1) and Bovolenta (farm 2) in the Veneto Region of Italy. Soil CO2 emission after digestate spreading was evaluated by comparing the effect of soil texture (sandy loam vs. clay loam) at farm 1 and the effect of long-term primary tillage management (&gt;10 years) (ripping vs. plowing) in clay loam soil at farm 2. Unamended soil was considered the control at both farms. DLF was supplied before maize ( L.) sowing at a dose equal to 170 kg total nitrogen ha-1 using a splash-plate technique. DLF spreading determined a CO2 emission peak 1 h after spreading at both farms, with median emission values of 8.93 and 4.35 g m-2 h-1, respectively, from the sandy loam and clay loam soils at farm 1. At farm 2, primary tillage type did not exert a significant effect on CO2 emission peak, with a median value of 5.85 g m-2 h-1. About three days after DLF distribution, soil CO2 fluxes were less than 1 g m-2 h-1. The first soil harrowing and the first rainfall event after spreading determined significantly higher CO2 emissions from amended plots than from unamended plots for a few hours. At farm 1, soil CO2 emission during the maize growing season was significantly higher in the amended plots (+1.7 times) than in the unamended plots, which showed a median emission value of 0.29 g m-2 h-1; soil texture and tillage exerted no significant influence. Maize yield at dough stage was not significantly influenced by DLF at farm 1, with 22.7 ±1.6 Mg ha-1 and 18.7 ±2.8 Mg ha-1 in the clay loam and sandy loam soils, respectively. At farm 2, the distribution of DLF increased maize biomass production by +17% with respect to the unamended treatment that produced 18.0 ±2.4 Mg ha-1. Although the results reported in this article concern data from only one year, and further long-term experiments are needed to confirm our findings, they indicate that CO2 emissions after digestate distribution are lower in a clay loam soil than in a sandy loam soil and are not affected by primary tillage type. Keywords: Clay loam soil, Digestate splash-plate spreading, Plowing, Ripping, Sandy loam soil.

scholarly journals Soil health indicators after 21 yr of no-tillage in south coastal British Columbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Ben W. Thomas ◽  
Derek Hunt ◽  
Shabtai Bittman ◽  
Kirsten D. Hannam ◽  
Aimé J. Messiga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
No Till ◽  
Wet Aggregate Stability ◽  
Fraser Valley

The lower Fraser Valley is one of the most intensively cropped regions in Canada. Yet, how soil health indicators respond to long-term intensive agricultural management is poorly documented in this region. Thus, we evaluated a suite of soil health indicators in response to 21 growing seasons of continuous silage corn (Zea mays L.) under conventional tillage or no-tillage (0–20 cm soil layer). Wet aggregate stability, available water capacity, active carbon (permanganate oxidizable, POXC), and extractable potassium and extractable magnesium were significantly greater with no-till than conventional tillage, whereas 8 of 13 indicators were similar. Soil health indicators responded more favourably to no-till than conventional tillage.

Long-term fertilization impacts on corn yields and soil organic matter on a clay-loam soil in Northeast China

2007 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Zhu ◽  
Jun Ren ◽  
Lichun Wang ◽  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
Xueming Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil
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