scholarly journals Ammonia volatilization from manure mixed with biochar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Yu Hung ◽  
Naseer Hussain ◽  
Barry Husk ◽  
Joann K. Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Nh3 Volatilization ◽  
N Dynamics ◽  
Fertilizer Value ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate Solution ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Fertilizer Solution

Ammonia (NH3) volatilization from ammonia-based fertilizer and animal manure reduces their nitrogen fertilizer value and is a source of environmental pollution. Mixing manure with biochar may lower NH3 volatilization from manure by adding H+, adsorbing mineral nitrogen (N), or increasing N immobilization in microbial biomass. The objective of this study was to determine whether wood-based biochar could lower NH3 volatilization from vented pails containing manure (liquid swine, dairy slurry, and solid poultry manure) or a urea ammonium nitrate solution (UAN). Two types of wood-based biochar (BlueLeaf and Dynamotive) were mixed with three types of manure and UAN fertilizer solution at 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 25 % biochar by volume in vented pails. After 21 d storage in an outdoor shaded area, the greatest NH3 volatilization was from poultry manure, which had pH 9.4 on average and low water content regardless of the biochar source and application rate. There was less NH3 volatilization from UAN fertilizer solution when mixed with 25% (v/v) of Dynamotive biochar compared to NH3 volatilization from UAN fertilizer solution mixed with 0–10% (%) of Dynamotive biochar, probably because pH decreased from 7.0 to 6.4 after 21 d contact. Mixing wood-based biochar with manure had no impact on NH3 volatilization, suggesting that these biochar sources did not appreciably change the pH and N dynamics in stored manure after 21 d.

Broadleaf Weed Control in Hard Red Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum) with F8426

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly R. Durgan ◽  
Joseph P. Yenish ◽  
Ross J. Daml ◽  
Douglas W. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate Solution ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

Studies were conducted at Rosemount and Crookston, MN, in 1994 and 1995 to determine weed control efficacy and crop injury of F8426 (proposed common name carfentrazone-ethyl) in hard red spring wheat. F8426 alone and with 2,4-D or dicamba generally controlled common lambsquarters, kochia, and velvetleaf 90% or more at 0.026 and 0.035 kg/ha. F8426 alone and with 2,4-D or dicamba controlled Pennsylvania smartweed, wild buckwheat, and wild mustard 39 to 100% and was less consistent than control of the aforementioned species. Weed control varied little among the F8426 rates. Weed control was inconsistent between location, year, and species when F8426 was combined with crop oil concentrate, urea–ammonium nitrate solution, and nonionic surfactant. Control was more consistent when 0.28 kg/ha 2,4-D or 0.07 kg/ha dicamba was tank mixed with either F8426 rate. The best control with an F8426 treatment was similar to control from MCPA tank mixed with thifensulfuron plus tribenuron, bromoxynil, or dicamba. Weed control 30 and 45 days after treatment (DAT) was less for F8426-containing treatments than standard treatments, which likely was related to reduced crop competition after severe crop injury. Increasing F8426 rate from 0.026 to 0.035 kg/ha did not greatly increase wheat injury, whereas adding 0.28 kg/ha 2,4-D to either F8426 rate greatly increased crop injury. Wheat yield was reduced up to 63% by F8426 and 2,4-D combinations.

Corn Response to Urea-Ammonium Nitrate Solution Treated with Encapsulated Nitrapyrin

2018 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 1058-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Sassman ◽  
Daniel W. Barker ◽  
John E. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate Solution ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

scholarly journals Urea Ammonium Nitrate Solution Treated with Inhibitor Technology: Effects on Ammonia Emission Reduction, Wheat Yield, and Inorganic N in Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Thorstein Nikolajsen ◽  
Andreas Siegfried Pacholski ◽  
Sven Gjedde Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Urease Inhibitors ◽  
Nh3 Emission ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate Solution ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

Urea is the most used fertilizer nitrogen (N), and is often applied as urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), which may be an ammonia (NH3) emission source after application. This study examined whether the addition of urease inhibitors reduced NH3 emission, and, in combination with nitrification inhibitors, enhanced fertilizer N crop uptake. In three experiments, NH3 emission was measured from plots (100 m2) to which UAN was added with and without inhibitors. In March and May, the plots were covered with Triticum aestivum L., Sheriff (var), and in July, the soil was bare. The inhibitor mixed with urea was N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and a mixture of NBPT and the new nitrification inhibitor DMPSA (3,4-Dimethylpyrazole succinic acid). Ammonia emissions were negligible from all plots after the first application of UAN due to the wet and cold weather while an average of 7% of applied UAN was emitted after application of UAN in April, where no significant effect of additives was observed. The harvest yield was low due to drought from May till August. Yield was highest when UAN was mixed with NBPT and lowest for untreated UAN. The highest emission from the bare plots was obtained from untreated UAN (17% of N), in contrast to 11% of N from the plots with added UAN + NBPT (not significant) and 7% from the plots with added UAN + NBPT + DMPSA (significantly different). Under the conditions of the current study, urease inhibitors reduce NH3 emissions in periods where the risk of emission is high, and the combination of urease and nitrification inhibitors increased yields.

scholarly journals VNT4, a Derived Formulation of Glutacetine® Biostimulant, Improved Yield and N-Related Traits of Bread Wheat When Mixed with Urea-Ammonium-Nitrate Solution

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013
Author(s):  
Victor Maignan ◽  
Raphaël Coquerel ◽  
Patrick Géliot ◽  
Jean-Christophe Avice
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
15N Labelling ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate Solution ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

Optimizing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) could mitigate the adverse effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizers by limiting their environmental risks and raising agronomic performance. We studied the effects of VNT4, a derived formulation of Glutacetine® biostimulant, mixed with urea-ammonium-nitrate solution (UAN) on the growth, N-related traits and agronomic performance of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment was performed under six contrasting field conditions over two years in Normandy (France), including a site where 15N labelling was undertaken. Taking into account all the sites, we report that VNT4 significantly improved grain yield (+359 kg ha−1), total grain N and NUE. VNT4 application improved growth during tillering and stem elongation (+10.7%), and N and 15N uptake between tillering and maturity (+7.3%N and +16.9%15N) leading to a higher N accumulation at maturity (+9.3%N). This N mainly originated from fertilizer (+19.4%15N) and was assimilated after the flag leaf stage in particular (+47.6%15N). These effects could be related to maintenance of physiological functions of flag leaves as suggested by the enhancement of their nutrient status (especially S, Zn and Mo). The adoption of VNT4 as a UAN additive is an efficient agronomic practice to enhance wheat productivity under an oceanic temperate climate.

scholarly journals Response of Chinese Cabbage to Nitrogen Rate and Source in Sequential Plantings

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1164-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Vavrina ◽  
Thomas A. Obreza ◽  
John Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
N Source ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate Solution ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate

`Tropical Quick' Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L., Pekinensis Group) was planted three times at 2-week intervals in Spring 1991 (direct-seeded) and two times in Fall 1991 (transplanted) in double rows on polyethylene-mulched beds to evaluate N source and rates. Calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, urea, urea-ammonium nitrate solution (Uran), and urea-calcium solution (Nitro-Pius) were applied preplant at 67,112, and 157 kg N/ha. The two later spring planting dates, compared with the earliest date, resulted in greater head fresh weights and higher insect damage incidence, but lower tipburn and flowering incidence. The earlier fall planting resulted in greater head fresh weight but a much higher flowering incidence than the later planting. Irrespective of planting date, head fresh weight increased quadratically, and tipburn and flowering incidence decreased linearly with increasing N rate. Although N source affected head fresh weight and tipbum incidence, differences were too small to be of practical value.

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