Cisco diversity in a historical drainage of glacial Lake Algonquin

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 736-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan H. Bell ◽  
Gabriel Piette-Lauzière ◽  
Julie Turgeon ◽  
Mark S. Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Hurdle Models ◽  
Drainage Patterns ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Mysis Diluviana ◽  
Coregonus Artedi ◽  
Colonization Hypothesis ◽  
Gill Raker ◽  
Glacial Lake Algonquin

Cisco (Coregonus artedi (sensu lato) Lesueur, 1818) forms matching in appearance to Blackfin Cisco from the Laurentian Great Lakes occur in four lakes in Algonquin Park, Ontario, Canada, a historical drainage of glacial Lake Algonquin (precursor of lakes Michigan and Huron). Their occurrence may represent colonization from glacial Lake Algonquin drainage patterns 13 000 calibrated years BP or independent evolution within each lake. Gill-raker numbers, temperature at capture depth during lake stratification, and hurdle models of habitat distribution are summarized. Blackfin (nigripinnis-like) in the four lakes had higher gill-raker numbers than artedi-like cisco captured in nearby lakes or within the same lake. Two lakes have a bimodal gill-raker distribution that indicate co-occurrence of two forms. Blackfin occupied the hypolimnion with a peak depth distribution at 20–25 m. Maximum depth for blackfin was 35–40 m. The presence of the opossum shrimp (Mysis diluviana Audzijonyte and Väinölä, 2005) appears necessary for the occurrence of cisco diversity in lakes but not sufficient in all cases. The presence of two forms of cisco in at least two lakes points to the possibility of the colonization hypothesis or the ecological speciation hypothesis as accounting for this phenomenon. Genetic analysis is needed to determine which of these hypotheses best accounts for the occurrence of blackfin in Algonquin Park.

Glacial-Lake Outburst Erosion of the Grand Valley, Michigan, and Impacts on Glacial Lakes in the Lake Michigan Basin

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan E. Kehew
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Laurentide Ice Sheet ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Michigan Basin ◽  
Lake Agassiz ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Lake Michigan Lobe ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Glacial Lake Algonquin

AbstractGeomorphic and sedimentologic evidence in the Grand Valley, which drained the retreating Saginaw Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet and later acted as a spillway between lakes in the Huron and Erie basins and in the Michigan basin, suggests that at least one drainage event from glacial Lake Saginaw to glacial Lake Chicago was a catastrophic outburst that deeply incised the valley. Analysis of shoreline and outlet geomorphology at the Chicago outlet supports J H Bretz's hypothesis of episodic incision and lake-level change. Shoreline features of each lake level converge to separate outlet sills that decrease in elevation from the oldest to youngest lake phases. This evidence, coupled with the presence of boulder lags and other features consistent with outburst origin, suggests that the outlets were deepened by catastrophic outbursts at least twice. The first incision event is correlated with a linked series of floods that progressed from Huron and Erie basin lakes to glacial Lake Saginaw to glacial Lake Chicago and then to the Mississippi. The second downcutting event occurred after the Two Rivers Advance of the Lake Michigan Lobe. Outbursts from the eastern outlets of glacial Lake Agassiz to glacial Lake Algonquin are a possible cause for this period of downcutting at the Chicago outlets.

Revealing Uncertainty in Maps of Glacial Lake Algonquin

2002 ◽  
pp. 377-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Drzyzga ◽  
Ashton Shortridge ◽  
Randall Schaetzl
Keyword(s):  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Glacial Lake Algonquin

Proxy Evidence for Easterly Winds in Glacial Lake Algonquin, from the Black River Delta in Northern Lower Michigan

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Vader ◽  
Bailey K. Zeman ◽  
Randall J. Schaetzl ◽  
Kristina L. Anderson ◽  
Ryan W. Walquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Delta ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Glacial Lake Algonquin

Evidence for the Two Creeks interstade in the Lake Huron basin

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grahame J. Larson ◽  
Thomas V. Lowell ◽  
Nathaniel E. Ostrom
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Michigan Basin ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Major Implication ◽  
Straits Of Mackinac ◽  
Continuous Deposition ◽  
Glacial Lake Algonquin

New radiocarbon age dates for the Cheboygan bryophyte bed in northern lower Michigan indicate that the bed was not deposited during the Mackinaw interstade, as was previously proposed, but is correlative to the Two Creeks forest bed deposited during the Two Creeks interstade approximately 11 850 BP. Furthermore, the till overlying the bryophyte bed does not represent continuous deposition by ice throughout the Two Creeks interstade, as proposed by others, but represents deposition during the Greatlakean stade. A major implication resulting from the reassignment of the age of the Cheboygan bryophyte bed is that the Straits of Mackinac could have been ice free during the Two Creeks interstade and that during that time the Kirkfield phase of glacial Lake Algonquin may have extended into the Lake Michigan basin.

Barren Ground Caribou (Rangifer arcticus) from an Early Man Site in Southeastern Michigan

1965 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Cleland
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Barren Ground ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Glacial Lake Algonquin

AbstractThe identification of a phalanx of a barren ground caribou (Rangifer arcticus) from the Holcombe site in southeastern Michigan is perhaps the earliest association of man and an animal species in the eastern United States. This phalanx was excavated from a small pit which contained four fragments of unifacially worked artifacts, a number of plano-convex spalls typical of the Holcombe lithic complex, and a small amount of beech charcoal. Association of this site with a beach of glacial Lake Algonquin places its occupation at approximately 9200 B.C.

Measurement, Correlation, and Mapping of Glacial Lake Algonquin Shorelines in Northern Michigan

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall J. Schaetzl ◽  
Scott A. Drzyzga ◽  
Beth N. Weisenborn ◽  
Kevin A. Kincare ◽  
Xiomara C. Lepczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Glacial Lake Algonquin ◽  
Northern Michigan

Spits formed in Glacial Lake Algonquin indicate strong easterly winds over the Laurentian Great Lakes during late Pleistocene

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall J. Schaetzl ◽  
Frank J. Krist ◽  
C. F. Michael Lewis ◽  
Michael D. Luehmann ◽  
Michael J. Michalek
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Laurentian Great Lakes ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Glacial Lake Algonquin

Distribution of Certain Crustaceans and Fishes in the Region of Algonquin Park, Ontario

1965 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Martin ◽  
L. J. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Mysis Relicta ◽  
High Altitude Lakes ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Proglacial Lakes ◽  
Limnocalanus Macrurus ◽  
Glacial Lake Algonquin

Senecella calanoides, Limnocalanus macrurus, Mysis relicta, Pontoporeia affinis, and Myoxocephalus quadricornis were found in 63 lakes in the Algonquin Park region of Ontario. Their distribution results from direct coverage by glacial Lake Algonquin, outlet channels from this lake and Nipissing Great Lakes to the Ottawa valley, and inundation by the Champlain Sea. Their occurrence in 12 high-altitude lakes resulted from their transport to these waters by proglacial lakes.

The Cabot Head Archipelago: evidence of glacial Lake Algonquin on the Northern Bruce Peninsula, Ontario

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip S.G. Kor ◽  
Daryl W. Cowell ◽  
Paul F. Karrow ◽  
F.J. Rik Kristjansson
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Glacial Lake ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Great Lakes Basin ◽  
Niagara Escarpment ◽  
Lake Algonquin ◽  
Glacial Lake Algonquin

The occurrence of abandoned shoreline bedrock erosional features at the edge of the Niagara Escarpment at Cabot Head indicates the existence of a group of islands in glacial Lake Algonquin during early postglacial time, referred to herein as the Cabot Head Archipelago. The abandoned shoreline features are situated as much as 80 m above the level of contemporary Georgian Bay. The range of abandoned shoreline bedrock erosional features, including shoreline cliffs, adjacent wave-cut platforms, wave-cut notches, shore stacks, shore caves, and other features, are described. The occurrence of these features is thought to be the result of the interaction between wave action in glacial Lake Algonquin and two distinct lithological facies representing the Wiarton – Colpoy Bay and Lions Head members of the Amabel Formation. The exceptional development of the abandoned shoreline bedrock erosional features in massive reefal dolostone between elevations of ∼250 and 255 m above sea level (asl) is interpreted as representing the relatively long-lived and stable Main stage of glacial Lake Algonquin (∼11 000–10 200 years BP). Shoreline erosional forms at elevations between ∼240 and 250 m asl may be indicative of declining lake levels partially controlled by bedrock structural factors. The final abandonment of the glacial Lake Algonquin shoreline in this area occurred when the eastern outlets of the lake became ice-free and its level dropped rapidly some 10 200 years BP. The Cabot Head Archipelago and the associated suite of raised and abandoned shoreline bedrock erosional features represent a rare assemblage of landforms within the Great Lakes basin, and possibly within Canada.

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