A modified norm calculation

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1342-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Currie
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Sodium Metasilicate ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Differentiation Indices

The CIPW norm gives results which closely resemble the mode for basalt and many other quartz-saturated igneous rocks, but which depart widely from the mode for alkaline and peralkaline assemblages. A modified norm, deleting halite, thenardite, sodium metasilicate, potassium metasilicate, sodium carbonate, and larnite, and substituting sodalite, enigmatite, eudialyte, riebeckite, andradite, and Ca-tschermaks molecule (CaAl2SiO6), gives a good representation of most alkaline and peralkaline igneous rocks while giving results identical to the CIPW system for common rocks. Estimates of silica saturation, differentiation indices, and disposition of alkalies are substantially improved.

scholarly journals On the distribution of radium in the Earth's crust

1906 ◽  
Vol 78 (522) ◽  
pp. 150-153 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Radium Content ◽  
Earth's Crust

In a paper read before the Society on April 5, I gave determinations of the quantity of radium in igneous rocks. Similar data for sedimentary deposits will now he given to complete my survey of the radium content of the earth’s crust. The limestones examined (oolite, chalk, marble, etc.) were simply dissolved in hydrochloric acid, and the emanation extracted from the solution. All other rocks (including sandstones, clays, slates, gravel) were first fused with sodium carbonate, in exactly the same way as the igneous rocks dealt with in the former paper. I believe that in some cases, clays for instance, this is unnecessary; for determinations made on clay simply treated with hydrochloric acid gave the full quantity of emanation. But to avoid any doubt, fusion was always resorted to.

scholarly journals Basic Properties of fly Ash/Slag -Concrete Slurry Waste Geopolymer Activated by Sodium Carbonate and Different Silicon Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingli Gao ◽  
Kairui Duan ◽  
Shuncheng Xiang ◽  
Wei Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Sodium Metasilicate ◽  
Fly Ash Concrete ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Silicon Sources

As a kind of granular waste with complex composition and alkali corrosiveness, concrete slurry waste (CSW) has severe recycling limitations in the ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Considering this, a new type of geopolymer, prepared by granulated blast furnace slag/fly ash, concrete slurry waste, and powdered activators (sodium carbonate and different silicon sources including sodium metasilicate pentahydrate and silica fume), was adopted to conduct a comparative study with the OPC counterpart. In this study, the homogenized CSW was mixed in the OPC and geopolymer with a constant ratio of 50 wt%, respectively. Then the properties were studied in terms of the flowability, setting times, mechanical strengths, and microstructures. The results showed that better flowability (200 mm) could be achieved in the obtained geopolymer than in the OPC reference group (95 mm) by increasing the powdered activators. The setting time of the OPC was significantly shortened due to the addition of CSW. The strengths of geopolymer were supported by the produced C-A-S-H and carbonates, with less chemically bonded water than the hydration products in the reference group. The dominant size of pores in the hardened geopolymer was much smaller than that in the OPC group which was 80 nm. Silica fume could be the alternate of the sodium metasilicate pentahydrate and had an insignificant negative impact on the fresh and hardened properties and microstructures of the geopolymer when the incorporation rate was within 5%.

Geological study in Tal - Talekhu section of Manang District along the Besisahar – Chame Road

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Prakash Luitel ◽  
Suman Panthee
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Geological Cross Section ◽  
Lowermost Part ◽  
Migmatitic Gneiss

The section between Tal to Talekhu of Manang District lacks the detailed geological study. The geological mapping in the scale of 1:50,000 followed by the preparation of geological cross-section and lithostratigraphic column has been done in the present study. The studied area lies partially in the Higher Himalayan Crystalline and the Tibetan Tethys Sequence. The units of the Higher Himalayan Group from Tal to Talekhu consists mainly of vigorous to faintly calcareous gneiss, migmatitic gneiss, quartzite, granite, etc. They are named as the Calc. Silicate Gneiss and Paragneiss and the Orthogneiss and Granite units. The lowermost part of the Tibetan Tethys consisted of metamorphosed calcareous rocks containing silicates and feldspar, so this unit is termed as the Marble and Calc. Gneiss. The section is about 9 km in thickness and is highly deformed with presence of igneous rocks at many places.

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