Algal community responses to shallow lake dystrophication1This article is derived from a special session entitled “A New Hydrology: Inflow Effects on Ecosystem Form and Functioning” that took place at the February 2011 ASLO Aquatic Sciences conference in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1433-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew N. Waters ◽  
Michael F. Piehler ◽  
Joseph M. Smoak ◽  
Thomas S. Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Terrestrial Organic Matter ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
Lignin Phenols ◽  
Algal Groups ◽  
Algal Abundance ◽  
Aquatic Sciences ◽  
Multiple Chemical

This research details changes in lake algal community structure that occurred during dystrophication. We conducted a paleolimnological investigation of Pungo Lake, a shallow, dystrophic system near the coast of North Carolina, USA. Multiple chemical and biological proxies were measured on a sediment core, including sedimentary photosynthetic pigments, lignin-phenols, nutrients, and δ13C. Data analysis identified three zones of algal community structure corresponding to three regimes of organic matter inputs. Predystrophic conditions represented a period of low organic inputs but substantial algal abundance (diatoms and other algal types). The period of dystrophication preceded European settlement (1850) and showed an increase in organic matter deposition, lignin, and a change in lignin type. Lignin-phenols and δ13C signatures of organic matter indicated that terrestrial organic matter inputs increased during this period, possibly as a result of wetland expansion. Dystrophication also corresponded to an increase in algal groups that favor low light environments (cyanobacteria and cryptophytes).

scholarly journals The Influences of Nutrients and Snow on the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sea Ice Algae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Francisca A.H. Vermeulen
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Algal Groups

<p>Polar marine regions are dominated by sea ice, where large gradients in temperature, salinity, nutrients and light occur. Despite this, a rich community exists within the sea ice, consisting of prokaryotic organisms, several algal groups and small zooplankton. Prokaryotes are present in the largest abundance in the sea ice; however, diatoms dominate in biomass. Diatoms are the main primary producers within the ice and they form a vital food source for many organisms. However, factors determining species composition, abundance, spatial and temporal variability and nutrient requirement are relatively poorly understood. In order to increase understanding of these processes, an integrated approach was used in this thesis to provide an insight into the potential changes to the ecology of the Southern Ocean in relation to predicted climate change. In this thesis, I studied ice algal community structure, diversity and nutrient requirements at several locations in the sea ice of the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Though many previous studies have focussed on these organisms, this is the first study to I) integrate recent and historical data collected over 30 years and to compare spatial and temporal differences in sea ice communities, II) use the near real time nutrient induced fluorescence transient (NIFT) method to study nutrient limitation in sea ice and further develop this method for use with the imaging pulse amplitude modulator (I-PAM), III) show that Antarctic diatoms may be more susceptible to silica limitation than previously thought, despite the fact that the silica concentration in the Southern Ocean are relatively high. Results from these studies provide important new information on community structure and how it is influenced by and responds to the environment ...</p>

Ecosystem-level regulation of boreal lake phytoplankton by ultraviolet radiationThis paper is part of the series “Forty Years of Aquatic Research at the Experimental Lakes Area”.

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2002-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite A. Xenopoulos ◽  
Peter R. Leavitt ◽  
David W. Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Humic Lakes ◽  
Experimental Lakes Area ◽  
Planktonic Diatoms ◽  
Algal Groups ◽  
Algal Abundance ◽  
Uvb Exposure

Unique and interactive effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR), temperature, and water column mixing on phytoplankton abundance and community composition were quantified using regression and multivariate analysis for lakes of differing transparencies and UVR exposure regimes located at the Experimental Lakes Area in Canada. Abundance of planktonic diatoms and chrysophytes (as fucoxanthin) and total algae (as chlorophylls) were negatively correlated with UVB exposure (R2 = 0.57 and R2 = 0.64, respectively) in slightly stained lakes. In contrast, concentrations of both filamentous Cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates were positively correlated with UVB levels in eutrophic and humic lakes (dissolved organic carbon >9 mg·L–1) (R2 = 0.23 and R2 = 0.27), whereas all algal groups were uncorrelated with UVB in oligotrophic ecosystems. Although univariate analyses suggested that surface water temperature explained more variation in algal abundance than UVB, principal components analyses revealed that the two factors often covaried and could not be statistically disentangled. Instead, it appears that strong UVB effects on lake algal communities occur commonly when optical and thermal properties interact to maximize exposure to high irradiances. Unexpectedly, UVR could either suppress or stimulate surface algal growth depending on the precise combination of lake parameters and algal community composition.

scholarly journals Whole-lake algal responses to a century of acidic industrial deposition on the Canadian Shield

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf D Vinebrooke ◽  
Sushil S Dixit ◽  
Mark D Graham ◽  
John M Gunn ◽  
Yu-Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Boreal Lakes ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Sedimentary Pigments ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Lake Acidity ◽  
Algal Abundance ◽  
Acidified Lakes

A century of cultural acidification is hypothesized to have altered algal community structure in boreal lakes. To date, this hypothesis has remained untested because of both the lack of data predating the onset of industrial pollution and incomplete estimates of whole-lake algal community structure. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) of sedimentary pigments was used to quantify whole-lake algal responses to acid deposition in six boreal lakes located in Killarney Park, Ontario, Canada. Concomitant significant increases in chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, diatom-inferred lake acidity, and metal levels since 1900 suggested that algal abundances in four acidified lakes and one small, circumneutral lake were enhanced by aerial pollution. An alternate explanation is that increased acidity and underwater light availability in the acidified lakes shifted algal abundance towards phytobenthos and deepwater phytoplankton, whose pigment signatures were better preserved in the sediments. Taxonomically diagnostic pigment stratigraphies were consistent with shifts in algal community structure towards filamentous green phytobenthos and deepwater phytoflagellates in the acidified lakes. Our findings suggest that decades of aerial pollution have altered the base of foodwebs in boreal lakes, potentially rendering them less resilient to other environmental stressors.

scholarly journals Distribution and degradation of terrestrial organic matter in the sediments of peat-draining rivers, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4517-4533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wu ◽  
Kun Zhu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Moritz Müller ◽  
Shan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
River System ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
Terrestrial Organic Matter ◽  
Diagenetic Alteration ◽  
Lignin Phenols ◽  
Malaysian Borneo

Abstract. Tropical peatlands are one of the largest pools of terrestrial organic carbon (OCterr); however, our understanding of the dynamics of OCterr in peat-draining rivers remains limited, especially in Southeast Asia. This study used bulk parameters and lignin phenol concentrations to investigate the characteristics of OCterr in a tropical peat-draining river system (the main channel of the Rajang and three smaller rivers: the Maludam, Simunjan, and Sebuyau) in the western part of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. The depleted δ13C levels and lignin composition of the organic matter indicates that the most important plant source of the organic matter in these rivers is woody angiosperm C3 plants, especially in the three small rivers sampled. The diagenetic indicator ratio, i.e., the ratio of acid to aldehyde of vanillyl phenols ((Ad∕Al)V), increased with decreasing mean grain size of sediment from the small rivers. The selective sorption of acid relative to aldehyde phenols might explain the variations in the (Ad∕Al)V ratio. Elevated (Ad∕Al)V values observed from the Maludam's sediments may also be attributed to source plant variations. The (Ad∕Al)V ratio appears to be related to the C∕N ratio (the ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen) in the Rajang and small rivers. In small rivers, a quick decline of C∕N ratios is a response to the slower modification of (Ad∕Al)V ratios due to better preservation of lignin phenols. An accumulation of lignin phenols with higher total nitrogen percentages (TN%) in the studied systems was observed. Most of the OCterr discharged from the Rajang and small river systems was material derived from woody angiosperm plants with limited diagenetic alteration before deposition and thus could potentially provide significant carbon to the atmosphere after degradation.

scholarly journals The Influences of Nutrients and Snow on the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sea Ice Algae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Francisca A.H. Vermeulen
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Algal Groups

<p>Polar marine regions are dominated by sea ice, where large gradients in temperature, salinity, nutrients and light occur. Despite this, a rich community exists within the sea ice, consisting of prokaryotic organisms, several algal groups and small zooplankton. Prokaryotes are present in the largest abundance in the sea ice; however, diatoms dominate in biomass. Diatoms are the main primary producers within the ice and they form a vital food source for many organisms. However, factors determining species composition, abundance, spatial and temporal variability and nutrient requirement are relatively poorly understood. In order to increase understanding of these processes, an integrated approach was used in this thesis to provide an insight into the potential changes to the ecology of the Southern Ocean in relation to predicted climate change. In this thesis, I studied ice algal community structure, diversity and nutrient requirements at several locations in the sea ice of the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Though many previous studies have focussed on these organisms, this is the first study to I) integrate recent and historical data collected over 30 years and to compare spatial and temporal differences in sea ice communities, II) use the near real time nutrient induced fluorescence transient (NIFT) method to study nutrient limitation in sea ice and further develop this method for use with the imaging pulse amplitude modulator (I-PAM), III) show that Antarctic diatoms may be more susceptible to silica limitation than previously thought, despite the fact that the silica concentration in the Southern Ocean are relatively high. Results from these studies provide important new information on community structure and how it is influenced by and responds to the environment ...</p>

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