An Improved Chamber for in situ Measurement of Primary Productivity by Sea Ice Algae

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Schrader ◽  
R. Horner ◽  
G. F. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
In Situ Measurement ◽  
Carbon Uptake ◽  
Ice Algae ◽  
Sea Ice Algae ◽  
Scuba Divers ◽  
Ice Conditions

A modified chamber was designed for in situ measurement of carbon uptake of micro-algae growing on the underside of sea ice. The chamber, operated by SCUBA divers, accommodates a wider range of ice conditions, has better holding capability, and reduces sample loss during retrieval.Key words: Arctic Ocean, sea ice algae, primary productivity

scholarly journals Photosynthetic production in the Central Arctic during the record sea-ice minimum in 2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2897-2945 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fernández-Méndez ◽  
C. Katlein ◽  
B. Rabe ◽  
M. Nicolaus ◽  
I. Peeken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Ice Algae ◽  
Central Arctic Ocean ◽  
Eurasian Basin

Abstract. The ice-covered Central Arctic Ocean is characterized by low primary productivity due to light and nutrient limitations. The recent reduction in ice cover has the potential to substantially increase phytoplankton primary production, but little is yet known about the fate of the ice-associated primary production and of the nutrient supply with increasing warming. This study presents results from the Central Arctic Ocean collected during summer 2012, when sea-ice reached a minimum extent since the onset of satellite observations. Net primary productivity (NPP) was measured in the water column, sea ice and melt ponds by 14CO2 uptake at different irradiances. Photosynthesis vs. irradiance (PI) curves were established in laboratory experiments and used to upscale measured NPP to the deep Eurasian Basin (north of 78° N) using the irradiance-based Central Arctic Ocean Primary Productivity (CAOPP) model. In addition, new annual production was calculated from the seasonal nutrient drawdown in the mixed layer since last winter. Results show that ice algae can contribute up to 60% to primary production in the Central Arctic at the end of the season. The ice-covered water column has lower NPP rates than open water due to light limitation. As indicated by the nutrient ratios in the euphotic zone, nitrate was limiting primary production in the deep Eurasian Basin close to the Laptev Sea area, while silicate was the main limiting nutrient at the ice margin near the Atlantic inflow. Although sea-ice cover was substantially reduced in 2012, total annual new production in the Eurasian Basin was 17 ± 7 Tg C yr-1, which is within the range of estimates of previous years. However, when adding the contribution by sub-ice algae, the annual production for the deep Eurasian Basin (north of 78° N) could double previous estimates for that area with a surplus of 16 Tg C yr-1. Our data suggest that sub-ice algae are an important component of the ice-covered Central Arctic productivity. It remains an important question if their contribution to productivity is on the rise with thinning ice, or if it will decline due to overall sea-ice retreat and be replaced by phytoplankton.

scholarly journals Carbon Uptake Rates of Sea Ice Algae and Phytoplankton under Different Light Intensities in a Landfast Sea Ice Zone, Barrow, Alaska

ARCTIC ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang H. Lee ◽  
Terry E. Whitledge ◽  
Sung-Ho Kang
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Carbon Uptake ◽  
Ice Algae ◽  
Sea Ice Algae ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Landfast Sea Ice

In-situ measured primary productivity of ice algae in Arctic sea ice floes using a new incubation method

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Jung Song ◽  
Jae Hyung Lee ◽  
Gawn Woo Kim ◽  
So Hyun Ahn ◽  
Houng-Min Joo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Ice Algae ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ice Floes ◽  
Incubation Method

An in situ Method for Measuring Primary Productivity of Arctic Sea Ice Algae

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 835-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Clasby ◽  
Rita Horner ◽  
Vera Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Sea Ice Algae ◽  
In Situ Method ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Thaw Period

With the use of SCUBA diving and a new 14C incubation chamber, the rates of carbon fixation by the algal community that lives within the undersurface of sea ice have been measured. Rates of primary productivity ranged from 7.67-mg C/m2∙hr near the peak of the bloom to a low of 0.30-mg C/m2∙hr just prior to the thaw period.

In situ patterns of intracellular photosynthate allocation by sea ice algae in the Canadian high arctic

Polar Biology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (6-7) ◽  
Author(s):  
RalphE.H. Smith ◽  
AlexW. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Ice Algae ◽  
Canadian High Arctic ◽  
Sea Ice Algae ◽  
Photosynthate Allocation

scholarly journals Photosynthetic production in the central Arctic Ocean during the record sea-ice minimum in 2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3525-3549 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fernández-Méndez ◽  
C. Katlein ◽  
B. Rabe ◽  
M. Nicolaus ◽  
I. Peeken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Ice Algae ◽  
Central Arctic Ocean ◽  
Eurasian Basin

Abstract. The ice-covered central Arctic Ocean is characterized by low primary productivity due to light and nutrient limitations. The recent reduction in ice cover has the potential to substantially increase phytoplankton primary production, but little is yet known about the fate of the ice-associated primary production and of the nutrient supply with increasing warming. This study presents results from the central Arctic Ocean collected during summer 2012, when sea-ice extent reached its lowest ever recorded since the onset of satellite observations. Net primary productivity (NPP) was measured in the water column, sea ice and melt ponds by 14CO2 uptake at different irradiances. Photosynthesis vs. irradiance (PI) curves were established in laboratory experiments and used to upscale measured NPP to the deep Eurasian Basin (north of 78° N) using the irradiance-based Central Arctic Ocean Primary Productivity (CAOPP) model. In addition, new annual production has been calculated from the seasonal nutrient drawdown in the mixed layer since last winter. Results show that ice algae can contribute up to 60% to primary production in the central Arctic Ocean at the end of the productive season (August–September). The ice-covered water column has lower NPP rates than open water due to light limitation in late summer. As indicated by the nutrient ratios in the euphotic zone, nitrate was limiting primary production in the deep Eurasian Basin close to the Laptev Sea area, while silicate was the main limiting nutrient at the ice margin near the Atlantic inflow. Although sea-ice cover was substantially reduced in 2012, total annual new production in the Eurasian Basin was 17 ± 7 Tg C yr−1, which is within the range of estimates of previous years. However, when adding the contribution by sub-ice algae, the annual production for the deep Eurasian Basin (north of 78° N) could double previous estimates for that area with a surplus of 16 Tg C yr−1. Our data suggest that sub-ice algae are an important component of the productivity in the ice-covered Eurasian Basin of the central Arctic Ocean. It remains an important question whether their contribution to productivity is on the rise with thinning ice, or whether it will decline due to overall sea-ice retreat and be replaced by phytoplankton.

Productivity of sea ice algae: In situ vs. incubator methods

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph E.H. Smith ◽  
Alex W. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Ice Algae ◽  
Sea Ice Algae

scholarly journals Dynamic, in situ measurement of sea-ice characteristic length

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Fox ◽  
Tim G. Haskell ◽  
Hyuck Chung
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Characteristic Length ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
In Situ Measurement ◽  
Effective Characteristic ◽  
Mcmurdo Sound ◽  
Periodic Loading ◽  
Flexural Response ◽  
Measurement Signal

AbstractWe present a method for measuring the characteristic length of sea ice based on fitting to a recently found solution for the flexural response of a floating ice sheet subject to localized periodic loading. Unlike previous techniques, the method enables localized measurements at single frequencies of geophysical interest, and since the measurements may be synchronously demodulated, gives excellent rejection of unwanted measurement signal (e.g. from ocean swell). The loading mechanism is described and we discuss how the effective characteristic length may be determined using a range of localized measurements. The method is used to determine the characteristic length of the sea ice in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica.

scholarly journals Seasonal and latitudinal variations in sea ice algae deposition in the Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas determined by algal biomarkers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0231178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea Wegner Koch ◽  
Lee W. Cooper ◽  
Catherine Lalande ◽  
Thomas A. Brown ◽  
Karen E. Frey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Ice Algae ◽  
Sea Ice Algae ◽  
Latitudinal Variations

Preliminary investigation of Okhotsk Sea ice algae; taxonomic composition and photosynthetic activity

Polar Biology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1011-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. McMinn ◽  
H. Hattori ◽  
T. Hirawake ◽  
A. Iwamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Ice Algae ◽  
Okhotsk Sea ◽  
Sea Ice Algae
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