The Distribution of Selected Trace Metals in United Kingdom Shelf Waters and the North Atlantic

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (S2) ◽  
pp. s111-s123 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. W. Jones ◽  
D. F. Jefferies
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
The North ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Shelf Seas ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
The North Atlantic

The distribution of dissolved and suspended particulate Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn was surveyed in the water of the North Atlantic and adjacent European shelf seas. The exercise was conducted by the Lowestoft Fisheries Laboratory and was part of a broad program coordinated by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) Working Groups concerned with pollution baseline and monitoring studies. The distribution of dissolved metals was enriched in coastal waters up to an order of magnitude compared with the offshore shelf seas. Both anthropogenic and natural sources of metal were considered in relation to the elevated inshore values. The suspended particulate phase of trace metals present in coastal and shelf waters was often a significant proportion (between 5 and 70%) of the total metal present. Oceanic values of dissolved metal were comparable with concentrations measured in offshore shelf seas. Deep vertical profiles of trace metals resembled the distribution of nutrient salts, thus indicating biological mobilization. The validity of all data was discussed in relation to current sampling and analytical techniques. The degree of sampling and analytical sophistication employed must relate to the basic requirements of the exercise.

scholarly journals Particulate barium tracing of significant mesopelagic carbon remineralisation in the North Atlantic

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2289-2307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolwenn Lemaitre ◽  
Hélène Planquette ◽  
Frédéric Planchon ◽  
Géraldine Sarthou ◽  
Stéphanie Jacquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Heterotrophic Activity ◽  
Physical Forcing ◽  
The North ◽  
Poc Export ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. The remineralisation of sinking particles by prokaryotic heterotrophic activity is important for controlling oceanic carbon sequestration. Here, we report mesopelagic particulate organic carbon (POC) remineralisation fluxes in the North Atlantic along the GEOTRACES-GA01 section (GEOVIDE cruise; May–June 2014) using the particulate biogenic barium (excess barium; Baxs) proxy. Important mesopelagic (100–1000 m) Baxs differences were observed along the transect depending on the intensity of past blooms, the phytoplankton community structure, and the physical forcing, including downwelling. The subpolar province was characterized by the highest mesopelagic Baxs content (up to 727 pmol L−1), which was attributed to an intense bloom averaging 6 mg chl a m−3 between January and June 2014 and by an intense 1500 m deep convection in the central Labrador Sea during the winter preceding the sampling. This downwelling could have promoted a deepening of the prokaryotic heterotrophic activity, increasing the Baxs content. In comparison, the temperate province, characterized by the lowest Baxs content (391 pmol L−1), was sampled during the bloom period and phytoplankton appear to be dominated by small and calcifying species, such as coccolithophorids. The Baxs content, related to oxygen consumption, was converted into a remineralisation flux using an updated relationship, proposed for the first time in the North Atlantic. The estimated fluxes were of the same order of magnitude as other fluxes obtained using independent methods (moored sediment traps, incubations) in the North Atlantic. Interestingly, in the subpolar and subtropical provinces, mesopelagic POC remineralisation fluxes (up to 13 and 4.6 mmol C m−2 d−1, respectively) were equalling and occasionally even exceeding upper-ocean POC export fluxes, deduced using the 234Th method. These results highlight the important impact of the mesopelagic remineralisation on the biological carbon pump of the studied area with a near-zero, deep (> 1000 m) carbon sequestration efficiency in spring 2014.

Biochemical Characteristics of Suspended Particulate Matter on a Latitudinal Transect in the North Atlantic

Oceanology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-582
Author(s):  
N. V. Politova ◽  
A. S. Savvichev ◽  
A. A. Klyuvitkin ◽  
M. D. Kravchishina ◽  
A. B. Demidov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
The North ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Latitudinal Transect ◽  
The North Atlantic

scholarly journals Trace metals in polyethylene debris from the North Atlantic subtropical gyre

2019 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Prunier ◽  
Laurence Maurice ◽  
Emile Perez ◽  
Julien Gigault ◽  
Anne-Catherine Pierson Wickmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Subtropical Gyre ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

scholarly journals Marine biological shifts and climate

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1783) ◽  
pp. 20133350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grégory Beaugrand ◽  
Eric Goberville ◽  
Christophe Luczak ◽  
Richard R Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Calanus Finmarchicus ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Community Shifts ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Phenological, biogeographic and community shifts are among the reported responses of marine ecosystems and their species to climate change. However, despite both the profound consequences for ecosystem functioning and services, our understanding of the root causes underlying these biological changes remains rudimentary. Here, we show that a significant proportion of the responses of species and communities to climate change are deterministic at some emergent spatio-temporal scales, enabling testable predictions and more accurate projections of future changes. We propose a theory based on the concept of the ecological niche to connect phenological, biogeographic and long-term community shifts. The theory explains approximately 70% of the phenological and biogeographic shifts of a key zooplankton Calanus finmarchicus in the North Atlantic and approximately 56% of the long-term shifts in copepods observed in the North Sea during the period 1958–2009.

scholarly journals Lithological and biogeochemical investigations of the North Atlantic sediment system (data from the 49th cruise of the R/V Akademik Ioffe)

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-655
Author(s):  
E. A. Novichkova ◽  
A. S. Savvichev ◽  
L. D. Bashirova ◽  
N. V. Kozina ◽  
A. A. Klyuvitkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
49Th Cruise ◽  
System Data ◽  
The North Atlantic

Marine sediments and samples of suspended particulate matter from the North Atlantic were studied. It is shown that modern sedimentation in this area is controlled mainly by the efficiency of autochthonous marine phytoplankton and sediment supply by the system of near-bottom currents, as well as by means of the ice-rafting. The studied sediment sections were formed in the North Atlantic during the Middle Pleistocene to Holocene. The highest sedimentation rate, up to 58.3 cm/kyr, is established for AI-3359 core, collected in the area of the Gardar and Björn Drifts. This makes the core very interesting for detailed paleoreconstructions. AI-3378 and AI-3415 cores are characterized by low sedimentation rates. Nevertheless, they are of interest for spatial paleoreconstructions on a continuous timeline. The general pattern is established for the first time for the sediments from the central North Atlantic: biogeochemically significant processes are detected only in the thin surface layer (0–2 cm) and almost completely cease at depths of 90–180 cm. The processes are probably controlled by the position of the sampling stations and the composition of organic matter (OM) but not related to the age of the sedimentary layer. The low microbial activity in the sediments is most likely the result of a lack of OM.

scholarly journals Particulate barium tracing significant mesopelagic carbon remineralisation in the North Atlantic

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolwenn Lemaitre ◽  
Hélène Planquette ◽  
Frédéric Planchon ◽  
Géraldine Sarthou ◽  
Stéphanie Jacquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Physical Forcing ◽  
The North ◽  
Poc Export ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. The remineralisation of sinking particles by prokaryotic heterotrophic activities is important for controlling oceanic carbon sequestration. Here, we report mesopelagic particulate organic carbon (POC) remineralisation fluxes in the North Atlantic along the GEOTRACES-GA01 section (GEOVIDE cruise; May–June 2014) using the particulate biogenic barium (excess barium; Baxs) proxy. Important mesopelagic (100–1000 m) Baxs differences were observed along the transect depending on the intensity of past blooms, the phytoplankton community structure and the physical forcing, including downwelling. The subpolar province was characterized by the highest mesopelagic Baxs content (up to 727 pmol L−1), which was attributed to an intense bloom averaging 6 mg Chl-a m−3 between January and June 2014 and by an intense 1500 m-deep convection in the central Labrador Sea during the winter preceding the sampling. This downwelling could have promoted a deepening of the prokaryotic heterotrophic activity, increasing the Baxs content. In comparison, the temperate province, characterized by the lowest Baxs content (391 pmol L−1), was sampled during the bloom period and phytoplankton appear to be dominated by small and calcifying species, such as coccolithophorids. The Baxs content, related to an oxygen consumption, was converted into a remineralisation flux using an updated relationship, proposed for the first time in the North Atlantic. The estimated fluxes were in the same order of magnitude than other fluxes obtained by independent methods (moored sediment traps, incubations) in the North Atlantic. Interestingly, in the subpolar and subtropical provinces, mesopelagic POC remineralisation fluxes (up to 13 and 4.6 mmol C m−2 d−1, respectively) were equalling and occasionally even exceeding upper ocean POC export fluxes, highlighting the important impact of the mesopelagic remineralisation on the biological carbon pump with a near-zero, deep (> 1000 m) carbon sequestration efficiency in spring 2014.

Texture, clay mineralogy, trace metals, and age of cored sediments from the North Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Bothner ◽  
E. C. Spiker ◽  
W.M. Ferrebee ◽  
D.L. Peeler
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Outer Continental Shelf ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Climate Change Impacts on Seals and Whales in the North Atlantic Arctic and Adjacent Shelf Seas

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit M. Kovacs ◽  
Christian Lydersen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
The North ◽  
Shelf Seas ◽  
The North Atlantic

The Currents of the North Atlantic

1892 ◽  
Vol 34 (872supp) ◽  
pp. 13940-13941
Author(s):  
Richard Beynon
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic
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