Interactions between Brook Charr, Salvelinus fontinalis, and Nonsalmonid Species: Ecological Shift, Morphological Shift, and Their Impact on Zooplankton Communities

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 999-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Magnan
Keyword(s):  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Brook Charr ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Creek Chub

A quantitative survey of 26 oligotrophic Quebec lakes indicated that the presence of creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus) or white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) had an impact on brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations. Evidence for competitive interactions among these species was provided by the observation that (1) the mean annual yield (kilograms per hectare) of charr was significantly reduced when they lived sympatrically with these species, (2) charr shifted their food habits from benthic organisms to Zooplankton in the presence of creek chub and (or) white sucker, and (3) the length of the gill rakers of charr was significantly higher in lakes containing chubs and suckers. As the length of the gill rakers is reported to be correlated with the extent of plankton feeding, this latter result was interpreted as a morphological change associated with increased exploitation of Zooplankton in sympatry. When occurring with creek chub, the niche shift of brook charr resulted in a significant change in Zooplankton community structure. The proportion of large Zooplankton organisms (>1.1 mm) declined whereas that of the smaller ones (<0.6 mm) increased. Also, the mean length of Holopedium, the larger cladocerans, was significantly reduced in sympatric creek chub–charr lakes compared with lakes where charr lived allopatrically. A similar impact on Zooplankton was not as clear when charr occurred with white sucker. When living with white sucker, brook charr populations appeared to be sufficiently reduced as to have little or no effect on Zooplankton communities.

Mechanisms responsible for the niche shift of brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill, when living sympatrically with creek chub, Semotilus atromaculatus Mitchill

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1548-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Magnan ◽  
Gérard J. FitzGerald
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Intraspecific Aggression ◽  
Brook Charr ◽  
Semotilus Atromaculatus ◽  
High Level ◽  
Gill Raker ◽  
Creek Chub ◽  
Study Laboratory

When brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill, are in allopatry in oligotrophic Québec lakes, they feed largely on macrobenthic invertebrates. However, when brook charr cooccur with creek chub, Semotilus atromaculatus Mitchill, they feed largely on zooplankton. In the present study, laboratory experiments showed that creek chub were more effective than brook charr in searching for hidden, patchily distributed prey. The searching efficiency of an individual chub feeding in a group was improved through social facilitation. In contrast, the high level of intraspecific aggression observed in brook charr prevents the formation of such feeding groups. In the laboratory, brook charr were able to displace creek chub from the food source because of interspecific aggression. Data are presented showing that chub are morphologically better adapted than charr to feed on benthos (subterminal orientation of the mouth and protrusible premaxillae), while the charr are better adapted than chub to feed on zooplankton (gill raker structure). Differences in feeding behaviour, morphology, and relative abundance between these species appear to be important in the observed niche shift of brook charr in nature.

Biotic and Abiotic Determinants of the Diet of Brook Trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, in Lakes of the Laurentian Shield

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1001-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Lacasse ◽  
Pierre Magnan
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Prey Fish ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Morphoedaphic Index ◽  
Terrestrial Insects

From a survey of 12 lakes containing brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, 12 lakes containing brook trout and creek chub, Semotilus atromaculatus, and 13 lakes containing brook trout and white sucker, Catostomus commersoni, we built seven multiple linear regression models to account for the mean percent weight of different prey categories in the diet of brook trout. Presence of chub and sucker, zooplankton community structure, sampling date, morphoedaphic index, and the importance of rock outcrops accounted for 88% of the variation in weight of zoobenthos eaten by trout, which was the preferred prey in allopatry. Thirty percent of the variation in weight of zooplankton eaten by trout was explained by the importance of macrophytes and other refuges for fish. Models for amphipods, dipteran pupae, swimming insects, terrestrial insects, and prey-fish explained between 36 and 63% of the variation. The presence of white sucker or an index of their impact (mean length or density of Cladocera) and the characteristics of littoral habitats appeared in six of seven models. Littorasl habitats seemed particularly determinant for the inclusion of prey-fish in the diet, more prey-fish being eaten when regufes were abundant. Variables related to lake morphometry and physicochemistry appeared less regularly in the models.

Changes in the crustacean communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie following the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2111-2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P Barbiero ◽  
Marc L Tuchman
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Bythotrephes Longimanus ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Cladoceran Species ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Predatory Cladoceran ◽  
Leptodora Kindti ◽  
Escape Responses ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The crustacean zooplankton communities in Lakes Michigan and Huron and the central and eastern basins of Lake Erie have shown substantial, persistent changes since the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes in the mid-1980s. A number of cladoceran species have declined dramatically since the invasion, including Eubosmina coregoni, Holopedium gibberum, Daphnia retrocurva, Daphnia pulicaria, and Leptodora kindti, and overall species richness has decreased as a result. Copepods have been relatively unaffected, with the notable exception of Meso cyclops edax, which has virtually disappeared from the lakes. These species shifts have for the most part been consistent and equally pronounced across all three lakes. Responses of crustacean species to the Bythotrephes invasion do not appear to be solely a consequence of size, and it is likely that other factors, e.g., morphology, vertical distribution, or escape responses, are important determinants of vulnerability to predation. Our results indicate that invertebrate predators in general, and invasive ones in particular, can have pronounced, lasting effects on zooplankton community structure.

Resource partitioning between brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill) and creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus Mitchill) in selected oligotrophic lakes of southern Quebec

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1612-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Magnan ◽  
Gérard J. FitzGerald
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Resource Partitioning ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Semotilus Atromaculatus ◽  
Trout Population ◽  
Creek Chub

The spatial distribution, food habits, and growth of an allopatric brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) population was compared with a trout population coexisting with creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus). Sympatric trout differed in spatial distribution and food habits from allopatric trout suggesting a niche shift of the trout when they live with creek chub. Also, although there is a certain overlap in diet and spatial distribution, sympatric populations of the two species differed on these resource axes. However, growth of sympatric trout is not clearly related to the presence or absence of the creek chub, suggesting that factors other than interspecific competiton may affect growth in the seven study lakes.

scholarly journals Metacommunity Concepts Provide New Insights in Explaining Zooplankton Spatial Patterns within Large Floodplain Systems

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Baogui Liu ◽  
Chuanqiao Zhou ◽  
Lilin Zheng ◽  
Haixin Duan ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
High Water ◽  
Flood Pulse ◽  
Floodplain Management ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

Flood pulse related physical variables (FLOOD) can affect zooplankton community structure through local factors directly and can also influence through regional dispersal factors of metacommunity concepts indirectly. Therefore, we infer that spatial patterns of zooplankton communities could be related to metacommunity concepts and their importance may depend on the size of the aquatic/terrestrial transition zone (ATTZ). Herein, we explored the relative importance of limnological (LIMNO) and FLOOD variables in zooplankton community by analyzing data from 272 sites across three floodplain lakes in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Our results showed that the variation in the zooplankton community can be well explained by the LIMNO and FLOOD variables in all of the lakes under the low water level season. However, during the high water level season, neither LIMNO nor FLOOD can explain the spatial variances of zooplankton. Therefore, our results indicated that testing biogeographical theories and macroecological laws using zooplankton should consider temporal aspects of flood pulse. Furthermore, we noted that the number of explained variance by local variables is negatively correlated with the size of the ATTZ. Metacommunity concepts provide complementary insights in explaining zooplankton spatial patterns within large floodplain systems, which also provide a theoretical basis for ATTZ protection in floodplain management.

scholarly journals Zooplankton community structure of the lower Xingu River (PA) related to the hydrological cycle

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Matsumura-Tundisi ◽  
JG. Tundisi ◽  
F. Souza-Soares ◽  
JEM. Tundisi
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Aquatic Biodiversity ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
Xingu River ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

Abstract The zooplankton community of the lower Xingu River shows strong fluctuations in species richness and number of organisms during periods of water level fluctuation. Pulses of density and species richness are adapted to the pulses in water flows and water level. This is conected with reproductive strategies of some zooplankton groups. The spatial heterogeneity of the lower Xingu River consisting of braided channels, bedrocks, macrophyte stands, is probably a relevant factor for the species richness of the zooplankton communities, and may be a fundamental factor for the overall aquatic biodiversity of the lower Xingu River.

Body Size and Feeding Ecology as Alternatives to Taxonomy for the Study of Limnetic Zooplankton Community Structure

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1354-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Gary Sprules ◽  
L. Blair Holtby
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
The Body ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

Three different characterizations of limnetic zooplankton communities from lakes of the Bruce Peninsula, Ontario are compared with respect to their usefulness in limnological studies: a conventional taxonomic one, one based on the body size and feeding ecology of the organisms, and one based on image analysis of the particle size spectrum. In comparison with the taxonomic characterization, the ecological and image analysis characterizations reflect zooplankton community features which are more closely related to the efficiency and nature of energy flow through pelagic ecosystems. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that these features have stronger statistical relations to morphometric and hydrological properties of lakes. The ecological and image analyses are thus not only more useful in studies seeking to make predictions about lake function from lake type but actually require less time, money and expertise in the acquisition of zooplankton data. In comparisons of zooplankton communities from the disparate faunal regions of the Bruce Peninsula, Ontario and southeast Asia, particularly Sri Lanka, more useful functional insights emerge from a body size-feeding ecology characterization than from a taxonomically based one. Key words: community structure, image analysis, Bruce Peninsula, tropical zooplankton, zoogeography, multivariate analysis

scholarly journals Zooplankton-based assessment of the trophic state of a tropical forest river in Nigeria

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.O.T. Imoobe ◽  
M.L. Adeyinka
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Status ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Keratella Quadrata ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

In this study, we explore the usefulness of zooplankton as a tool for assessing the trophic status of a Nigerian forest river. The river was sampled monthly and investigated for water physico-chemistry and zooplankton community structure using basic statistical measurement of diversity indices to characterize the zooplankton fauna. The trophic sta?tus of the river evaluated from its physico-chemical parameters indicates that the river is oligotrophic. The zooplankton composition was typical of a tropical freshwater river, with a total of 40 species, made up of 16 rotifers, 12 cladocerans, and 12 copepods and their developing stages in the following order of dominance: Rotifera > Cladocera > Cyclopoida > Calanoida. There were strong correlations between the lake's trophic status and its zooplankton communities. The zoo?plankton community was dominated by numerous species of rotifers and crustaceans, which are typical of oligotrophic to mesotrophic systems, such species including Conochilus dossuarius and Synchaeta longipes. However, the most dominant zooplankton species in West African freshwater ecosystems, viz., Keratella tropica, Keratella quadrata, Brachionus angularis, Trichocerca pusilla, Filinia longiseta, Pompholyx sulcata, and Proales sp., and others that are indicator species of high trophic levels, were not recorded in the river. The river is very clear and can be used for all manner of recreational activities.

scholarly journals Zooplankton communities in three adjacent softwater lobelia lakes of slightly differentiated morphology and trophic state

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen ◽  
Piotr Klimaszyk ◽  
Ryszard Piotrowicz
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Environmental Predictors ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Lobelia Lakes ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

Abstract The paper presents the results of an investigation of physical-chemical features of water as well as rotifer and crustacean abundance and diversity measures, relating to the taxonomic richness and species diversity index, in three lobelia lakes differing in trophic status and morphometric features. The main purpose of this study was to establish the diversity of zooplankton communities in the open water area of lobelia lakes, including extracting species common for each lake and also to find environmental predictors which are responsible for the development of zooplankton communities. Despite the fact that the three studied lakes are of the same origin, located in the same vicinity and have generally similar environmental factors, zooplankton community structure revealed a great variation in reference to species diversity (only ca. 20% of the species were common for all lakes) and particularly in inhabiting species. Obrowo Lake had the most diverse assemblages of both rotifers and crustaceans compared to Modre and Pomysko lakes. In the taxonomic structure species that are rare for the Polish fauna, such as e.g. Holopedium gibberum and Heterocope appendiculata, occurred. Even though the examined lobelia lakes are ecosystems that undergo varying human-induced impacts, they still remain taxonomically very variable aquatic ecosystems, containing rare species of very high ecological status. The observed symptoms of deterioration of water quality, reflected in the zooplankton biocoenotic features, showed that the best conditions were attributed to Obrowo Lake in comparison with the two remaining lakes – Modre and Pomysko. Total nitrogen and chlorophyll a concentration were decisive for the distribution of zooplankton species in Pomysko and Obrowo lakes, while in case of Modre lake water reactivity and conductivity were of higher impact.

scholarly journals Taxonomical and functional diversity in zooplankton communities from boreal and arctic waters

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Głuchowska ◽  
Emilia Trudnowska ◽  
Slawomir Kwasniewski
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Future Global Warming ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The advection of warm Atlantic water into the Arctic influences not only the thermal and sea ice conditions in the Arctic Ocean and the adjacent seas but also the Arctic marine biota. Earlier efforts to characterize the response of zooplankton communities to the increasing influence of warm AW were focused mostly on changes in taxonomic diversity and community structure, but how the zooplankton functional role will evolve under future global warming scenarios remains largely unknown. Based on the zooplankton collection gathered along a thermal gradient from temperate to Arctic marine domains (76-79°N) and an extensive functional trait matrix, we assessed the zooplankton taxonomical and functional structure and diversity under different temperature regimes. The results suggest that the temperature effects zooplankton community structure, taking into account not only the taxonomic, but also functional features. The findings can be used in predicting changes in the pelagic realm in the warming Arctic Ocean, and in constructing and tuning plankton components of ecosystem models.

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