Inheritance and RAPD tagging of multiple genes for resistance to net blotch in barley

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Molnar ◽  
L E James ◽  
K J Kasha
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Genomic Regions

A doubled haploid barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) population that was created from a cross between cultivars 'Léger' and 'CI 9831' was characterized by RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers for resistance to isolate WRS857 of Pyrenophora teres Drechs. f. sp. maculata Smedeg., the causal agent of the spot form of net blotch. Resistance, which initially appeared to be conferred by a single gene from the approximate 1:1 (resistant : susceptible) segregation ratio of the doubled-haploid (DH) progeny, was found to be associated with three different genomic regions by RAPD analysis. Of 500 RAPD random primers that were screened against the parents, 195 revealed polymorphic bands, seven showed an association to the resistance in bulks, and these seven markers were mapped to three unlinked genomic regions. Two of these regions, one of which was mapped to chromosome 2, have major resistance genes. The third region has some homology to the chromosome 2 region. This study demonstrates the simultaneous location of markers for more than one gene governing a trait by using RAPD and bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Key words: net blotch, RAPD markers, bulked segregant analysis, barley, doubled haploids.

COMPARAISON ENTRE DES LIGNEES PEDIGREES ET DES LIGNEES HAPLOIDES DOUBLEES CHEZ L’ORGE (HORDEUM VULGARE L.)

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERRE TURCOTTE ◽  
C. A. ST-PIERRE ◽  
KEH MING HO
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pure Line ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Line Production ◽  
Doubled Haploid Lines ◽  
Time Required

Pedigree and doubled haploid lines from seven crosses of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were compared over 2 years. The lines were tested, in a randomized complete block design, in row plots at Ste-Foy in 1977 and in hill plots at Brawley, California in 1978. There are significant differences between the two methods of pure line production for grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, plant height, resistance to lodging and date of maturity. Furthermore, these significant differences between doubled haploid and pedigree lines seem to be tied to wide crosses. After showing that doubled haploids are superior for resistance to lodging, we conclude that the use of doubled haploid lines must be seriously considered in a barley breeding program on the basis of improved selection efficiency and the short time required to get homozygous lines.

ESTIMATION OF THE NUMBER OF GENES IN DOUBLED HAPLOID POPULATIONS OF BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE)

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Choo ◽  
E. Reinbergs
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Quantitative Character ◽  
Genotypic Variance ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Number Of Genes

It was shown that the number of segregating genes affecting a quantitative character in a single cross can be estimated by dividing the square of the deviation of the most extreme doubled haploid from the sample mean by the genotypic variance of doubled haploids. The number of segregating genes was estimated for three characters in four crosses of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). It was found that the number of segregating genes for grain yield, heading date, and plant height ranged from 5 to 11, 6 to 9, and 4 to 13, respectively.

Molecular changes atRrnloci in barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) hybrids withH. bulbosum(L.)

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1127-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Kranthi Kumar ◽  
N C Subrahmanyam
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Differential Methylation ◽  
Rdna Repeat ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Differential Distribution ◽  
Parental Combination

Southern blots of restriction fragments of genomic DNAs from Hordeum vulgare (L.), H. bulbosum (L.), and interspecific hybrids and their derivatives were hybridized with rDNA probe to identify locus-specific modifications at Rrn loci. H. bulbosum rDNA revealed a single EcoRV site per repeat compared with two sites in H. vulgare rDNA repeats. H. bulbosum accessions possessed at least two rDNA repeat lengths, indicating heterozygosity at the Rrn locus. Hybrids possessed both H. vulgare and H. bulbosum rDNA repeats. Two of the hybrid derivatives possessed bulbosum-specific Sau3AI and HaeIII rDNA fragments, while amphiploid and doubled haploid derivatives lacked H. bulbosum rDNA repeat units and (or) fragments. Two hybrid derivatives, one amphiploid and a doubled haploid derived from the same parental combination, lacked the vulgare Rrn2-specific 9.0-kb rDNA repeat. This is the first conclusive evidence for the elimination of vulgare genetic material in vulgare-bulbosum hybrids. The ratios of 9.0- to 9.9-kb vulgare repeats and H. vulgare to H. bulbosum rDNA repeats indicate partial loss of the vulgare-specific 9.0-kb rDNA repeat among the hybrids. Differences in MboI and Sau3AI fragments and the ratios of 9.0 to 9.9 kb vulgare rDNA repeats revealed differential methylation at Rrn1and Rrn2loci. Hybrids and derivatives showed differential distribution of methylation of EcoRI, BglII, and SacI sites at the Rrn1locus. Two of the hybrid derivatives exhibited extensive CpG-biased methylation. Data presented here are indicative of the differences in the onset of events triggered by the interaction of the component genomes and enabled detection of differential methylation among Rrn loci, loss of H. vulgare genetic material, and development of doubled haploids with the Rrn1locus.Key words: DNA methylation, elimination, Hordeum vulgare, H. bulbosum, Rrn loci.

Recurrent selection in doubled-haploid populations of barley (Hordeurn vulgare L.)

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Patel ◽  
E. Reinbergs ◽  
S. O. Fejer
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Doubled Haploid Lines ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
High Selection ◽  
Dh Lines

Cycle zero (C0) of recurrent selection in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was initiated by diallel mating of seven highly selected parents. A total of 398 doubled-haploid (C0DH) lines were derived from 21 crosses and were evaluated along with their parents in C0 experiment. Seven doubled-haploid lines (DH) were selected from the cycle zero (C0) experiment and intercrossed to form cycle 1 (C1). From the 21 crosses of the diallel, 260 doubled-haploid lines (C1DH) were derived and were evaluated along with the C0 and C1 parents. The frequency distribution of the standardized means of the DH lines from C0 and C1 indicated a slight response to selection for seed yield. Genetic analysis of the C1DH population showed high additive genetic variance for yield per hill, plant height, and yield per spike, and a high proportion of additive × additive epistasis for spikes per hill, days to heading, and 100-seed weight. Seven doubled-haploid lines were selected from different high-yielding crosses represented by C1DH lines. High selection pressure was applied for yield per hill, yield per spike, and spikes per hill. Further response to selection is expected in later cycles. The seven selected doubled-haploid lines will be used as the parents of the next recurrent selection cycle.Key words: recurrent selection, doubled haploids, additive, epistasis, heritability, Hordeum.

Genetic studies on net blotch resistance in a barley cross

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Ho ◽  
T.M. Choo ◽  
A. Tekauz ◽  
R.A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Selection For

An investigation was initiated to study the genetics of resistance to three isolates of Pyrenophora teres (WRS102, WRS858, and WRS857), which have been routinely used for screening for net blotch resistance in Canada. The F1, F2, and doubled-haploid lines were derived from a Leger/CI9831 cross of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). These materials, along with their parents, were inoculated with each of the three isolates at the three-leaf stage in growth chambers. Results showed that resistance to WRS102 was controlled by three recessive genes, resistance to WRS858 by one recessive gene, and resistance to WRS857 by either one dominant gene or two complementary genes. One of the WRS102-resistance genes appeared to be on chromosome 2 and another linked to the WRS858-resistance gene. Resistance to these three isolates was not associated with awn type, esterase 1, and esterase 5. Selection for resistance to WRS102 and WRS858 would be more effective than selection for resistance to WRS857 in a conventional breeding program. Key words: Barley, Hordeum vulgare, net blotch, Pyrenophora teres, haploids

Trisomic analysis of genes for resistance to scald and net blotch in several barley cultivars

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (15) ◽  
pp. 2142-2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Bockelman ◽  
E. L. Sharp ◽  
R. F. Eslick
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Trisomic Analysis ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Segregation Ratios

Barley cultivars Kitchin (C.I. 1296) and Jet (C.I. 967), resistant to scald (incited by Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) Davis), and cultivars Tifang (C.I. 14373), C.I. 9819, and C.I. 7584, resistant to net blotch (incited by Pyrenophora teres Drechs.), were crossed to the primary trisomics in the cultivar Betzes. F2 segregation ratios were studied to determine chromosomal location of the resistance genes. Kitchin was found to contain a single scald-resistance gene, Rrs9, on chromosome 4. Jet contained scald-resistance genes rrs1 and rrs6 on chromosomes 3 and 4, respectively. Tifang contained a single gene, Rpt1a, for net-blotch-resistance on chromosome 3. C.I. 7584 contained a single net-blotch-resistance gene, Rpt3d, on chromosome 2. C.I. 9819 contained net-blotch-resistance genes Rpt1b and Rpt2c on chromosome 3 and 5. Some uses of this information are discussed.

scholarly journals Identification of Molecular Markers Linked to a Pyrenophora teres Avirulence Gene

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 842-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron D. Beattie ◽  
Graham J. Scoles ◽  
Brian G. Rossnagel
Keyword(s):  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Gene Model ◽  
System A ◽  
Individual Host ◽  
High Virulence

Genetic control of avirulence in the net blotch pathogen, Pyrenophora teres, was investigated. To establish an appropriate study system, a collection of 10 net form (P. teres f. teres) and spot form (P. teres f. maculata) isolates were evaluated on a set of eight barley lines to identify two isolates with differential virulence on an individual host line. Two net form isolates, WRS 1906, exhibiting avirulence on the cv. Heartland, and WRS 1607, exhibiting high virulence, were mated and 67 progeny were isolated and phenotyped for reaction on Heartland. The population segregated in a 1:1 ratio, 34 avirulent to 33 virulent (χ2 = 0.0, P = 1.0), indicating single gene control of WRS 1906 avirulence on Heartland. Bulked segregant analysis was used to identify six amplified fragment length polymorphism markers closely linked to the avirulence gene (AvrHeartland). This work provides evidence that the P. teres-barley pathosystem conforms to the gene-for-gene model and represents an initial step toward map-based cloning of this gene.

scholarly journals Molecular Markers for Septoria Leaf Spot (Septoria lycopersicii Speg.) Resistance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Bal K Joshi ◽  
Frank J Louws ◽  
G Craig Yenco ◽  
Byron R Sosinski ◽  
Consuelo Arellano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Septoria Leaf Spot

Marker assisted selection (MAS) has not been initiated in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) for septoria leaf spot (SLS) resistance caused by Septoria lycopersici Speg due to lack of molecular markers. We studied the inheritance of SLS resistance and identified molecular markers linked to SLS resistance using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) in a segregating F2 population. Tomato inbred lines, NC 85L-1W (2007), susceptible to SLS and NC 839-2(2007)-1, resistant to SLS were used to develop the segregating population. A total of 250 F2 plants, and 10 plants each of P1, P2 and F1 were grown at the Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center (MHCREC), Mills River NC in the summer of 2009. Disease severity was scored using a scale of 0 to 5, where 0 = no disease and 5 = complete development of disease. DNA was extracted from 2-3 week old plants and parental lines were screened with a total of 197 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, of which 34 were polymorphic. Two DNA bulks, called resistant bulk (RB) and susceptible bulk (SB) were prepared from the F2 individuals. The RB and SB consisted of 8 individuals each with disease scores of 0, and 4.0 or 4.5, respectively. The segregation ratio of resistant and susceptible plants in F2 generation fit the expected Mendelian ratio of 3:1 for a single dominant gene. Five RAPD markers were linked to the SLS disease reaction, of which two were linked to susceptibility and three to the resistance. Subject to verification in independent populations, these markers may be useful for MAS of SLS resistance in tomato.Nepal Journal of Biotechnology. Dec. 2015 Vol. 3, No. 1: 40-47

Transformation of isolated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) microspores: II. Timing of pretreatment and temperatures relative to results of bombardment

Genome ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Seb Shim ◽  
K. Peter Pauls ◽  
Ken J. Kasha
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Arabinogalactan Protein ◽  
35S Promoter ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Actin Promoter ◽  
Doubled Haploid Plants ◽  
Haploid Plants

Based on paper I in this series, our goals in this paper were to determine the relationship between prebombardment pretreatments and temperatures, microspore cell cycle when bombarded, and the frequencies of homozygous and hemizygous transgenic progeny in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). Of the 104 fluorescent plants selected when using the GFP fluorescence transgene, 28 were albino and 76 plants were green. Thirty-one green plants were confirmed to be transgenic; the others were either transient green fluorescent protein expression or selected due to autofluorescence. Of the 31 plants, 23 came from embryos expressing a high level of fluorescence during selection and eight from 51 plants exhibiting a low level of fluorescence. Of the two pretreatments used to induce embryogenesis, 24 of 31 plants were from the cold pretreatment for 21 days (C) versus seven from the 4 day cold plus mannitol pretreatment. Following pretreatment, the microspores were subjected to a high-osmotic period (0.5 mol/L mannitol plus sorbitol) of 4 h prebombardment and 18 h postbombardment at either 25 or 4 °C. Of the 31 transgenic plants, 19 were produced following the 25 °C 4 h prebombardment. Sixteen of the 19 were doubled haploid plants (seven being homozygous for the transgene) and the other three plants were haploid. Of the remaining 12 plants recovered following the 4 h 4 °C prebombardment treatment, nine were haploid and three were doubled haploid plants, two of the latter being homozygous for the transgene. All 12 haploid plants obtained were treated with colchicine and produced homozygous transgenic doubled haploids. Of the two promoters compared, 30 plants had the actin promoter and only one had the 35S promoter. The use of arabinogalactan protein in the culture medium was very beneficial, giving rise to 29 of the 31 plants. The best procedure for obtaining transgenic barley plants from this study was pretreatment C, leaving the cultures at either 4 or 25 °C during the 4 h prebombardment high-osmotic period, using the actin promoter and having arabinogalactan protein in the microspore culture medium. With this procedure, the transgenic frequency was improved 8- to10-fold over previous reports on bombardment of microspores. It yielded about one transgenic plant per Petri dish and is comparable with Agrobacterium frequencies on structures derived from microspores.

scholarly journals Identification of Markers Linked to Seedlessness in Citrus kinokuni hort. ex Tanaka and Its Progeny Using Bulked Segregant Analysis

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario J. Chavez ◽  
José X. Chaparro
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Linkage Group ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Citrus Breeding

Citrus kinokuni ‘Mukaku kishu’ PI539530 and its progeny were studied to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers associated with seedlessness. Ninety-one F1 [(Robinson op) × C. kinokuni] individuals showed a 1:1 segregation ratio between seedless and seeded phenotypes with seedless as a single dominant gene. Bulked segregant analysis was used to identify markers associated with the seedless locus. Eighteen RAPD primers were mapped into a partial linkage group (≈55.8 cM length) with four RAPD primers flanking the seedless locus: OPAI11-0.8 at 8.7 cM, OPAJ19-1.0 at 8.4 cM, OPM06r-0.85 at 4.3 cM, and OPAJ04r-0.6 at 6.4 cM. The identification of molecular markers linked to C. kinokuni Fs seedless locus constitutes an important and major tool for citrus breeding and selection.

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