Trisomic analysis of genes for resistance to scald and net blotch in several barley cultivars

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (15) ◽  
pp. 2142-2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Bockelman ◽  
E. L. Sharp ◽  
R. F. Eslick
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Trisomic Analysis ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Segregation Ratios

Barley cultivars Kitchin (C.I. 1296) and Jet (C.I. 967), resistant to scald (incited by Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) Davis), and cultivars Tifang (C.I. 14373), C.I. 9819, and C.I. 7584, resistant to net blotch (incited by Pyrenophora teres Drechs.), were crossed to the primary trisomics in the cultivar Betzes. F2 segregation ratios were studied to determine chromosomal location of the resistance genes. Kitchin was found to contain a single scald-resistance gene, Rrs9, on chromosome 4. Jet contained scald-resistance genes rrs1 and rrs6 on chromosomes 3 and 4, respectively. Tifang contained a single gene, Rpt1a, for net-blotch-resistance on chromosome 3. C.I. 7584 contained a single net-blotch-resistance gene, Rpt3d, on chromosome 2. C.I. 9819 contained net-blotch-resistance genes Rpt1b and Rpt2c on chromosome 3 and 5. Some uses of this information are discussed.

scholarly journals Improved Selection with Newly Identified RAPD Markers Linked to Resistance Gene to Four Pathotypes of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in Common Bean

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lilia Alzate-Marin ◽  
Henrique Menarim ◽  
Geraldo Assis de Carvalho ◽  
Trazilbo José de Paula ◽  
Everaldo Gonçalves de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Coupling Phase ◽  
Repulsion Phase ◽  
Complex Locus ◽  
Two Populations

Three F2 populations derived from crosses between the resistant cultivar AB 136 and the susceptible cultivar Michelite (MiA), and one F2 population derived from a cross between AB 136 and Mexico 222 (MeA), were used to identify markers linked to anthracnose resistance genes present in cultivar AB 136. Primer OPZ04 produced a DNA band (OPZ04560) linked in coupling phase to the resistance gene for pathotype 89 (8.5 ± 0.025 cM) in one population derived from the cross MiA. In the same population, primer OPZ09 produced one band (OPZ09950) linked in repulsion phase (20.4 ± 0.014 cM) to the same resistance gene. The simultaneous use of markers in coupling and in repulsion phases allowed the identification of the three genotypic classes. In the other two populations from cross MiA, OPZ04560 was linked in coupling phase to resistance genes for pathotypes 73 (2.9 ± 0.012 cM) and 81 (2.8 ± 0.017 cM). In population MeA, OPZ04560 was linked in coupling phase (7.5 ± 0.033 cM) to resistance to pathotype 64. These data suggest that a single gene or complex locus of linked resistance genes present in cultivar AB 136 confers resistance to all four pathotypes of C. lindemuthianum.

scholarly journals Genetic Mapping of the Scab Resistance Gene in Cucumber

2010 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengping Zhang ◽  
Han Miao ◽  
Xing-fang Gu ◽  
Yuhong Yang ◽  
Bingyan Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Scab Resistance ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Group 2

Scab, caused by Cladosporium cucumerinum Ell. et Arthur, is a prevalent disease of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) worldwide. Scab can cause serious losses for cucumber production, especially in protected culture such as high tunnel production. Resistance to cucumber scab is dominant and is controlled by a single gene, Ccu. Breeding for resistant cultivars is the most efficient way to control the disease. Selection for resistance might be made easier if the gene were mapped to linked markers. Thus far, there are no tightly linked (genetic distance less than 1 cM) simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for the Ccu gene, and no studies on mapping of the Ccu gene in cucumber using SSR markers. The objective of this study was to identify SSR markers for use in molecular breeding of scab resistance. In this study, we used a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs). The population included 148 individuals derived from the cucumber inbred line 9110 Gt (Ccu Ccu) crossed with line 9930 (ccu ccu). The Ccu gene was mapped to linkage group 2, corresponding to chromosome 2 of cucumber. The flanking markers SSR03084 and SSR17631 were linked to the Ccu gene with distances of 0.7 and 1.6 cM, respectively. The veracity of SSR03084 and SSR17631 was tested using 59 diverse inbred lines and hybrids, and the accuracy rate for the two markers was 98.3%. In conclusion, two SSRs closely linked to scab resistance gene Ccu have been identified and can be used in a cucumber breeding program.

Mapping of major spot-type and net-type net-blotch resistance genes in the Ethiopian barley line CI 9819

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1564-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.M. Manninen ◽  
M. Jalli ◽  
R. Kalendar ◽  
A. Schulman ◽  
O. Afanasenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Barley Line ◽  
Infection Response ◽  
Spot Type

Net blotch of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), caused by the fungal phytopathogen Pyrenophora teres Drechs. f. teres Smedeg., constitutes one of the most serious constraints to barley production worldwide. Two forms of the disease, the net form, caused by P. teres f. teres, and the spot form, caused by P. teres f. maculata, are differentiated by the type of symptoms on leaves. Several barley lines with major gene resistance to net blotch have been identified. Earlier, one of these was mapped in the Rolfi × CI 9819 cross to barley chromosome 6H, using a mixture of 4 Finnish isolates of P. teres f. teres. In this study, we used the same barley progeny to map resistance to 4 spot-type isolates and 4 net-type isolates of P. teres. With all net-type isolates, a major resistance gene was located on chromosome 6H, in the same position as described previously, explaining up to 88% of the phenotypic variation in infection response in the progeny. We designate this gene Rpt5. Several minor resistance genes were located on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, 5H, and 7H. These minor genes were not genuinely isolate-specific, but their effect varied among isolates and experiments. When the spot-type isolates were used for infection, a major isolate-specific resistance gene was located on chromosome 5H, close to microsatellite marker HVLEU, explaining up to 84% of the phenotypic variation in infection response in the progeny. We designate this gene Rpt6. No minor gene effects were detected in spot-type isolates. The Ethiopian 2-rowed barley line CI 9819 thus carries at least 2 independent major genes for net-blotch resistance: Rpt5, active against net-type isolates; and Rpt6, active against specific spot-type isolates.

Inheritance and RAPD tagging of multiple genes for resistance to net blotch in barley

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Molnar ◽  
L E James ◽  
K J Kasha
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Genomic Regions

A doubled haploid barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) population that was created from a cross between cultivars 'Léger' and 'CI 9831' was characterized by RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers for resistance to isolate WRS857 of Pyrenophora teres Drechs. f. sp. maculata Smedeg., the causal agent of the spot form of net blotch. Resistance, which initially appeared to be conferred by a single gene from the approximate 1:1 (resistant : susceptible) segregation ratio of the doubled-haploid (DH) progeny, was found to be associated with three different genomic regions by RAPD analysis. Of 500 RAPD random primers that were screened against the parents, 195 revealed polymorphic bands, seven showed an association to the resistance in bulks, and these seven markers were mapped to three unlinked genomic regions. Two of these regions, one of which was mapped to chromosome 2, have major resistance genes. The third region has some homology to the chromosome 2 region. This study demonstrates the simultaneous location of markers for more than one gene governing a trait by using RAPD and bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Key words: net blotch, RAPD markers, bulked segregant analysis, barley, doubled haploids.

scholarly journals Identification of a new resistance locus against the rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason), in Thai rice landrace MN62M

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phikul Leelagud ◽  
Sakda Kongsila ◽  
Phanchita Vejchasarn ◽  
Kulchana Darwell ◽  
Yotwarit Phansenee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Rice Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Orseolia Oryzae ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Gall Midge ◽  
Rice Landrace

Abstract Background The rice gall midge (RGM), Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason), is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice, and it causes significant yield losses annually in Asian countries. The development of resistant rice varieties is considered as the most effective and economical approach for maintaining yield stability by controlling RGM. Identification of resistance genes will help in marker-assisted selection (MAS) to pyramid the resistance genes and develop a durable resistance variety against RGM in areas with frequent outbreaks.Results A mitochondrial gene, cytochrome C oxidase I (COI), was used to analyze the genetic diversity among Thai RGM populations. The phylogenetic tree indicated that the Thai RGM populations were homogeneously distributed throughout the country, except for some populations in central and northeast Thailand that probably became isolated from the main population. The reactions of the resistant rice varieties carrying different resistance genes revealed different RGM biotypes in Thailand. The Thai rice landrace MN62M showed resistance to all RGM populations used in this study. We identified a novel genetic locus for resistance to RGM, designated as GM12 , on the short arm of rice chromosome 2. The locus was identified using linkage analysis in 144 F 2 plants derived from a cross between susceptible cultivar KDML105 and RGM-resistant cultivar MN62M with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and F 2:3 phenotype. The locus was confirmed and mapped using SNP and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers surrounding the target chromosomal location. Finally, the locus was mapped between two flanking markers, RM6800 and S2_419160.Conclusions We identified a new RGM resistance gene, GM12 , on rice chromosome 2 in the Thai rice landrace MN62M. This finding yielded SNP and SSR markers that can be used in MAS to develop cultivars with broad-spectrum resistance to RGM. The new resistance gene provides important information for the identification of RGM biotypes in Thailand and Southeast Asia.

Resistance gene analogues are clustered on chromosome 3 of sugar beet and cosegregate with QTL for rhizomania resistance

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Christoph Lein ◽  
Katrin Asbach ◽  
Yanyan Tian ◽  
Daniela Schulte ◽  
Chunyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bac Library ◽  
Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Rhizomania Resistance

Worldwide, rhizomania is the most important disease of sugar beet. The only way to control this disease is to use resistant varieties. Four full-length resistance gene analogues (RGAs) from sugar beet (cZR-1, cZR-3, cZR-7, and cZR-9) were used in this study. Their predicted polypeptides carry typical nucleotide-binding sites (NBSs) and leucin-rich repeat (LRR) regions, and share high homology to various plant virus resistance genes. Their corresponding alleles were cloned and sequenced from a rhizomania resistant genotype. The 4 RGAs were mapped as molecular markers, using sequence-specific primers to determine their linkage to the rhizomania resistance locus Rz1 in a population segregating for rhizomania resistance. One cZR-3 allele, named Rz-C, together with 5 other molecular markers, mapped to the Rz1 locus on chromosome 3 and cosegregated with quantitative trait loci for rhizomania resistance. After screening a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library, 25 cZR-3-positive BACs were identified. Of these, 15 mapped within an interval of approximately 14 cM on chromosome 3, in clusters close to the Rz1 locus. Rz-C differentiates between susceptible and resistant beet varieties, and its transcripts could be detected in all rhizomania resistant varieties investigated. The potential of this RGA marker for cloning of rhizomania resistance genes is discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Barley Net Blotch Resistance Genes

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick D. O'Boyle ◽  
Wynse S. Brooks ◽  
Brian J. Steffenson ◽  
Erik L. Stromberg ◽  
Carl A. Griffey
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Barley Net Blotch ◽  
Dominant Genes

Net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres f. teres, is one of the most devastating diseases of barley (Hordeum vulgare). Efficient utilization of available resistance sources is dependent upon successful characterization of genes conditioning resistance in diverse sources. Five net-blotch-resistant parents and one susceptible parent were intercrossed to identify novel resistance genes and postulate gene number and mode of inheritance. Seedling response to isolate ND89-19 was evaluated in a greenhouse test. Results indicate that the resistant spring barley lines CIho 2291 and CIho 5098 and the winter barley cv. Nomini each have single dominant genes for resistance. Resistance in CIho 5098 is governed by the same dominant gene conferring resistance in Nomini. Resistance in CIho 2291 is controlled by one dominant gene which, putatively, is the same gene conferring resistance in ND B112 but differs from the resistance genes carried by the other parents in this study. The resistance gene in Nomini or CIho 5098 could be pyramided with the resistance gene in CIho 2291 or ND B112 to enhance the durability of resistance against a wide spectrum of P. teres isolates.

scholarly journals Beneficial Chromosomal Integration of the Genes for CTX-M Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase in Klebsiella pneumoniae for Stable Propagation

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Jeong Yoon ◽  
Bareum Gwon ◽  
Changseung Liu ◽  
Dokyun Kim ◽  
Dongju Won ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Chromosomal Integration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stable Propagation ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Dominant F-type plasmids harboring the gene have been pointed out to be responsible for the dissemination of the CTX-M extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing K. pneumoniae. Recently, the emergence of K. pneumoniae isolates with the bla CTX-M gene in their chromosomes has been reported occasionally worldwide. Such a chromosomal location of the resistance gene could be beneficial for stable propagation, as was the Acinetobacter baumannii ST191 harboring chromosomal bla OXA-23 that is endemic to South Korea. Through the present study, particular clones were identified as having built-in resistance genes in their chromosomes, and the chromosomal integration events were tracked by assessing their genomes. The cefotaxime-resistant K. pneumoniae clones of this study were particularized as results of the fastidiousness for plasmids to acquire the bla CTX-M gene for securing the diversity and of the chromosomal addiction of the bla CTX-M gene for ensuring propagation.

The Arabidopsis RPS4 bacterial-resistance gene is a member of the TIR-NBS-LRR family of disease-resistance genes

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Gassmann ◽  
Matthew E. Hinsch ◽  
Brian J. Staskawicz
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Disease Resistance Genes

scholarly journals Metagenomics Analysis Reveals the Microbial Communities, Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Diversity and Potential Pathogen Transmission Risk of Two Different Landfills in China

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Shan Wan ◽  
Min Xia ◽  
Jie Tao ◽  
Yanjun Pang ◽  
Fugen Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Gene

In this study, we used a metagenomic approach to analyze microbial communities, antibiotic resistance gene diversity, and human pathogenic bacterium composition in two typical landfills in China. Results showed that the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were predominant in the two landfills, and archaea and fungi were also detected. The genera Methanoculleus, Lysobacter, and Pseudomonas were predominantly present in all samples. sul2, sul1, tetX, and adeF were the four most abundant antibiotic resistance genes. Sixty-nine bacterial pathogens were identified from the two landfills, with Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bordetella pertussis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus cereus as the major pathogenic microorganisms, indicating the existence of potential environmental risk in landfills. In addition, KEGG pathway analysis indicated the presence of antibiotic resistance genes typically associated with human antibiotic resistance bacterial strains. These results provide insights into the risk of pathogens in landfills, which is important for controlling the potential secondary transmission of pathogens and reducing workers’ health risk during landfill excavation.

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