Development and characterization of species-diagnostic ISSR and SCAR DNA markers for differentiating red maple (Acer rubrum) and silver maple (A. saccharinum)

Red maple (Acer rubrum) and silver maple (A. saccharinum) are sister species that readily hybridize in nature. No genetic or barcoding markers have been tested in these species. The main objective of the present study is to develop and characterize molecular markers for distinguishing A. rubrum and A. saccharinum and to validate the hybridity of A. freemanii derived from their crossings using the ISSR marker system. Thirteen A. rubrum and seven A. saccharinum populations were used. Four ISSR primers including ISSR 5, ISSR 8, ISSR 10, and ISSR UBC 825 were selected to amplify genomic DNA from the two species and their hybrids. Each primer generated at least one species-diagnostic ISSR marker for a total of six. Analysis of A. freemanii collected from North Dakota (USA) confirmed that the genotypes screened were true hybrids between A. rubrum and A. saccharinum. These markers were cloned and sequenced. Successful sequences were converted to SCAR markers using specifically designed primers. Overall, the developed diagnostic and specific ISSR and SCAR markers are useful in the certification of these two maple species and their hybrids. They can be used in tracking the introgression of A. rubrum and A. saccharinum DNA in other hybrid trees or populations.

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Use of Single-Primer DNA Amplifications for the Identification of Red Maple (Acer rubrum L.) Cultivars

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-11.2.89 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 89-92

Author(s):

Kimberly H. Krahl ◽

Michael A. Dirr ◽

Tracy M. Halward ◽

Gary D. Kochert ◽

William M. Randle

Keyword(s):

Dna Markers ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Cultivar Identification ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Acer Rubrum ◽

Red Maple ◽

Banding Patterns ◽

Reliable Technique ◽

Silver Maple ◽

Single Primer

Abstract Positive cultivar identification is often difficult or impossible based solely on morphological traits. A technique ensuring reliable, repeatable, and unique cultivar identification is needed. The use of molecular markers offers such a technique, allowing assessment of fine levels of variation directly at the DNA level. In this study, RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers were investigated for their utility to identify red maple cultivars. Three out of nineteen primers tested resulted in unique banding patterns for all the maples tested, including 9 red maple clones, 5 silver maple seedlings, and 4 purported interspecific cultivars. The red maple cultivars ‘Red Sunset’ and ‘October Glory’, which are almost indistinguishable morphologically as young trees, were clearly distinguished using RAPD markers. RAPD markers provide a consistently reliable technique for red maple cultivar identification.

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Water Requirements of Five Container-Grown Acer Species

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-5.4.173 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 173-175

Author(s):

Bruce R. Roberts ◽

Virginia M. Schnipke

Keyword(s):

Sugar Maple ◽

Potential Evapotranspiration ◽

Acer Rubrum ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Red Maple ◽

Fast Growing ◽

Silver Maple ◽

Norway Maple ◽

Relative Water ◽

Slow Growing

Relative water demand, RWD, of 2-year-old containerized seedlings of red maple (Acer rubrum L.), sugar maple (A. saccharum Marsh.), silver maple (A. saccharinum L.), Norway Maple (A. platanoides L.) and boxelder (A. negundo L.) was determined by comparing potential evapotranspiration rates and actual water consumption values with growth rates for each species. Based on differences in growth rate, each species was determined to be either fast growing (red maple, silver maple, boxelder) or slow growing (sugar maple, Norway maple). Fast growing species used the most water over the 3-month experimental period (June-August), and had the higher RWD. The actual irrigation demand for each species was closely correlated with monthly potential evapotranspiration rates as determined by the Thornthwaite equation.

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Characterization of Rambutan Cultivars (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Based on Leaf Morphological and Genetic CharacterCharacterization of Rambutan Cultivars (Nephelium lappaceum) Based on Leaf Morphological and Genetic

Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education ◽

10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.12221 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 252-259

Author(s):

Andi Madihah Manggabarani ◽

Tatik Chikmawati ◽

Alex Hartana

Keyword(s):

Morphological Character ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Marker ◽

Nephelium Lappaceum ◽

Short Period ◽

First Time ◽

Simple Sequence ◽

Issr Primers

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) is an economically important plant which is native to Indonesia and Malaysia. The diversity of rambutan in Indonesia is abundance especially in Kalimantan where the wild relatives still grow naturally. Rambutan cultivars are usually differed from each other based on fruit morphological characters. However, rambutan tree begins to fruiting for the first time in 3-4 years. Therefore, another character is needed to characterize each cultivar in a short period. The objectives of this study were to distinguish rambutan cultivars using leaf morphological and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). As many as 30 rambutan cultivars collected from Cipaku Orchard and Mekar Sari Park were observed for their morphological and ISSR characters. Six characters of were surveyed for leaf morphological character. For the genetic character, 6 out of 31 ISSR primers were assessed which resulted in 58 polymorphic bands (87%). As a result, leaf morphological characters overlapped among cultivars causing difficulties distinguishing each cultivar. ISSR marker, three major clusters have been identified according to UPGMA method. Index similarity among rambutan accessions from ISSR data ranged from 48-93%. As a conclusion, ISSR marker could be potentially applied rambutan cultivars characterization.

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The effects of paclobutrazol, abscisic acid, and gibberellin on germination and early growth in silver, red, and hybrid maple

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x99-254 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 557-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John Marshall ◽

Tannis Beardmore ◽

Carry Anne Whittle ◽

Ben Wang ◽

Robert G Rutledge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Acer Rubrum ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Early Growth ◽

Red Maple ◽

Brief Treatment ◽

Biochemical Method ◽

Recalcitrant Seed ◽

Silver Maple

Silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) seeds were used to examine the mechanisms regulating recalcitrant seed germination aiming towards the development of a biochemical method to temporarily inhibit germination without refrigeration. Treatment of fresh silver maple seeds with the cytochrome P450 inhibitor paclobutrazol delayed germination and reduced root and shoot extension. The inhibitory effect of paclobutrazol plus abscisic acid (ABA) on the shoots of silver maple could not be overcome by a brief treatment with gibberellic acid A3 (GA3). Red maple seeds (Acer rubrum L.) were almost completely inhibited by the treatment with paclobutrazol alone, and this inhibition could not be overcome by a brief treatment with GA3. In the red × silver hybrid, root growth was little affected by paclobutrazol plus ABA; however, shoot growth was markedly inhibited by paclobutrazol, and this inhibition was sharply increased by the combination with ABA but partially alleviated by GA3. Treating fresh silver maple seeds with paclobutrazol for 12 h followed by storage under ideal germination conditions, in the presence of 1 mM ABA, completely prevented germination for 1 week. Root extension was completely restored by the continuous provision of GA3 along with the ABA.

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Comparative phylogeography of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.): impacts of habitat specialization, hybridization and glacial history

Journal of Biogeography ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02462.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 992-1005 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Ikuyo Saeki ◽

Christopher W. Dick ◽

Burton V. Barnes ◽

Noriaki Murakami

Keyword(s):

Acer Rubrum ◽

Habitat Specialization ◽

Red Maple ◽

Glacial History ◽

Comparative Phylogeography ◽

Acer Saccharinum ◽

Silver Maple

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Growth and Fall Color of Red Maple Selections in the Southeastern United States

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-13.1.51 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 51-53

Author(s):

Jeff L. Sibley ◽

D. Joseph Eakes ◽

Charles H. Gilliam ◽

Gary J. Keever ◽

William A. Dozier

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Field Study ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Interspecific Cross ◽

Southeastern United States ◽

Acer Rubrum ◽

Red Maple ◽

Trickle Irrigation ◽

Silver Maple ◽

Height Increase

Abstract Nine red maple (Acer rubrum L.) cultivars (‘Autumn Flame’, ‘Fairview Flame’, ‘Franksred’, ‘Karpick’, ‘Northwood’, ‘October Glory’, ‘Redskin’, ‘Schlesingeri’, and ‘Tilford’), three Freeman maple (Acer × freemanii, interspecific cross between red maple and silver maple) cultivars (‘Autumn Blaze’, ‘Morgan’, and ‘Scarsen’), and a group of A. rubrum seedlings were evaluated in a field study with trickle irrigation for growth rates and fall color. ‘Autumn Blaze’, ‘Morgan’, ‘Scarsen’, and ‘Autumn Flame’ increased the most in height and diameter annually. Height increase was least for ‘Northwood’. ‘Northwood’ and ‘Karpick’ increased least in diameter annually. Considerable variation in initiation, peak, and duration of fall color, and time of defoliation were evident among cultivars. ‘Fairview Flame’ and ‘October Glory’ exhibited superior fall color while ‘Northwood’, ‘Morgan’, and ‘Redskin’ had poor fall color.

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