Cultivation and properties of Neisseria sp. grown in chemically defined media

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1087-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Kenny ◽  
B. B. Diena ◽  
R. Wallace ◽  
L. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Media ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Specific Antisera

Neisseria Chemically Defined Medium (NCDM) has been used routinely in our laboratory for a variety of purposes. The present report describes the development of NCDM agar, wherein the NCDM base is sterilized by filtration and defined supplements and agar are added. The medium is transparent and both meningococci and gonococci grow within 72 h. When grown on NCDM agar, Types 2 and 3 gonococcal colonies tend to revert to Type 1. The serological grouping of meningococci with specific antisera is not affected by growth on this medium.Parallel investigations on the growth of these species in liquid NCDM demonstrated that the yield of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is enhanced when the medium is sterilized by filtration.

scholarly journals Effect of methionine and cysteine deprivation on growth of different natural isolates of Lactobacillus spp. in chemically defined media

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Lozo ◽  
Jelena Begovic ◽  
B. Jovcic ◽  
Natasa Golic ◽  
L. Topisirovic
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Media ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Natural Isolates ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of natural isolates of lactobacilli from different ecological niches to grow in a chemically defined medium in the presence or absence of sulphur-containing amino acids, methionine and/or cysteine. The obtained results indicate that cysteine is essential for growth of L. paracasei subsp. paracasei BGHN14 and BGSJ2-8, while methionine is essential for isolates BGHN40, BGCG31, and BGHV54T of the species L. plantarum. Methionine is also essential for growth of L. rhamnosus BGHV58T. Other analyzed strains, such as L. plantarum BGSJ3-18, BGZB19, BGHV52Ta, and BGHV43T, require the presence of both amino acids for their growth.

Optimum concentrations of essential components for the development of Angiostrongylus costaricensis in vitro

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hata
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Media ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Third Stage

AbstractThird-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus costaricensis were cultured to young adult stages in Waymouth's chemically defined medium MB 752/l, which comprises higher concentrations of the essential components histidine, lysine, methionine, tryptophan, choline chloride and glucose than various other chemically defined media. The present study has shown that choline chloride and tryptophan are required at relatively higher concentrations for worm development than those of the other essential components.

scholarly journals 87 VITRIFICATION OF BOVINE OOCYTES TREATED WITH CHOLESTEROL-LOADED METHYL-β-CYCLODEXTRIN

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
G. Horvath ◽  
L. Solti ◽  
G. Seidel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Media ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Maturation Medium ◽  
Cell Embryo ◽  
Bovine Oocytes ◽  
Better Than

Addition of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) can increase sperm cryosurvival (Purdy et al. 2000 Cryobiology 48, 36–45). The purpose of this study was to determine if cryosurvival of vitrified oocytes could be improved by incubation with CLC prior to vitrification. Slaughterhouse-derived cumulus oocyte complexes were matured in a chemically defined medium with fatty acid-free BSA and hormones for 21 h followed by partial cumulus removal with 100 U/mL hyaluronidase and gentle pipetting. For an additional hour, oocytes were placed into maturation medium supplemented with 0.5% PVA instead of BSA with or without 2.5 mg/mL CLC. At 22 h after the start of maturation, oocytes were transferred to handling media containing 20% FCS or 0.5% PVA in TCM-199 + HEPES (HTCM-199). Oocytes with approximately 3 layers of cumulus were vitrified in two steps. First, they were exposed to VS1 (10% ethylene glycol (EG), 10% DMSO, 6% PVP, or 20% FCS, in HTCM-199) for 30 s, then exposed to VS2 (20% EG, 20% DMSO, 6% PVP, or 20% FCS, 0.48 M galactose in HTCM-199) for 25 s, loaded into cryoloops in groups of five, and plunged into liquid nitrogen. Rapidly warmed oocytes were moved stepwise through 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, and 0 M galactose in HTCM-199 + 20% FCS, 3 min each. All procedures were conducted at 39°C. Warmed oocytes were placed in maturation medium for an additional hour, fertilized with semen from 3 bulls, 3 replicates each, and cultured according to standard procedures (Zhang et al. 2003 Theriogenology 60, 1657–1663). For each replicate, 30 oocytes were assigned to the following treatments: A: chemically-defined media with PVA for the last hour of maturation, handling and vitrification; B: same as A except CLC treatment, for 1 h before vitrification; C: chemically defined media for maturation, but with 20% FCS for HM, VS1 and VS2. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. CLC treatment resulted in higher cleavage rates and 8- to 16-cell embryo production, but not higher blastocyst (bl) production (Table 1). Non-vitrified oocytes developed better than vitrified ones (means: cleavage, 76%; 8- to 16-cell, 64%; bl D8, 21%; bl D9, 24%). Further studies with vitrification of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin-treated oocytes and chemically defined media are warranted. Table 1. Development of vitrified oocytes (LS means ± SE)

scholarly journals Unique Host Iron Utilization Mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori Revealed with Iron-Deficient Chemically Defined Media

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 1841-1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Senkovich ◽  
Shantelle Ceaser ◽  
David J. McGee ◽  
Traci L. Testerman
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Limited Growth ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori chronically infects the gastric mucosa, where it can be found free in mucus, attached to cells, and intracellularly. H. pylori requires iron for growth, but the sources of iron used in vivo are unclear. In previous studies, the inability to culture H. pylori without serum made it difficult to determine which host iron sources might be used by H. pylori. Using iron-deficient, chemically defined medium, we determined that H. pylori can bind and extract iron from hemoglobin, transferrin, and lactoferrin. H. pylori can use both bovine and human versions of both lactoferrin and transferrin, contrary to previous reports. Unlike other pathogens, H. pylori preferentially binds the iron-free forms of transferrin and lactoferrin, which limits its ability to extract iron from normal serum, which is not iron saturated. This novel strategy may have evolved to permit limited growth in host tissue during persistent colonization while excessive injury or iron depletion is prevented.

scholarly journals Development of Chemically Defined Media to Express Trp-Analog-Labeled Proteins in a Lactococcus lactis Trp Auxotroph

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
Jinfeng Shao ◽  
Marcelo F.M. Marcondes ◽  
Vitor Oliveira ◽  
Jaap Broos
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
New Media ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Unnatural Amino Acids ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Trna Synthetase ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Heterologous Proteins ◽  
Chemically Defined Media ◽  
Defined Media

Chemically defined media for growth of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> strains contain about 50 components, making them laborious and expensive growth media. However, they are crucial for metabolism studies as well as for expression of heterologous proteins labeled with unnatural amino acids. In particular, the <i>L. lactis</i> Trp auxotroph PA1002, overexpressing the tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase enzyme of <i>L. lactis</i>, is very suitable for the biosynthetic incorporation of Trp analogs in proteins because of its most relaxed substrate specificity reported towards Trp analogs. Here we present two much simpler defined media for <i>L. lactis</i>, which consist of only 24 or 31 components, respectively, and with which the <i>L. lactis</i> Trp auxotroph shows similar growth characteristics as with a 50-component chemically defined medium. Importantly, the expression levels of two recombinant proteins used for evaluation were up to 2-3 times higher in these new media than in the 50-component medium, without affecting the Trp analog incorporation efficiency. Taken together, the simplest chemically defined media reported so far for <i>L. lactis</i> are presented. Since<i> L. lactis</i> also shows auxotrophy for Arg, His, Ile, Leu Val, and Met, our simplified media may also be useful for the biosynthetic incorporation of analogs of these five amino acids.

Auxanographic grouping and typing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Hendry ◽  
I. O. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Rate Of Growth

Nearly 96% of 1297 Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Hamilton were assigned to six major auxanographic groups (non-requiring or NR, Pro−, Orn−, Pro−Cit−Ura−, Orn−Ura−Hyx−, Cit−Ura−Hyx−) as established by requirements for none, or any one or more of proline, uracil, hypoxanthine, citrulline (Cit−), or citrulline replaceable by ornithine (Orn−) on chemically defined medium modified from Catlin (1973). Seven other groups, and strains not growing, accounted for 4.2%. The most common groups were Orn−Ura−Hyx− (25.6%) and Pro−Cit−Ura− (31.8%). This latter group has not been previously described.These "Pro Cit/Orn Ura Hyx" criteria were among the most unequivocal to interpret; with rare exceptions for proline, a requirement was shown by absence of growth at any time in the zones of inoculation from a replicator. For some strains, some of the possible additional requirements (leucine, valine, isoleucine, glutamine, threonine, serine, histidine, etc.) could be less readily ascertained, because an occasional manifestation was to reduce the amount of growth, or to slow down the rate of growth, compared to complete medium.The first four of the six groups were the least fastidious, in that few strains had any additional requirements.About 2% of strains were inhibited by 0.25 mM phenylalanine.

Growth of Legionella pneumophila in defined media: requirement for magnesium and potassium

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1055-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha J. Tesh ◽  
Richard D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Optimum Growth ◽  
Defined Media

The inorganic ions magnesium and potassium were required for optimal growth of Legionella pneumophila in a chemically defined medium composed of amino acids and inorganic salts. Optimum growth was obtained at concentrations of approximately 20 μg/mL (80 μM) MgSO4∙7H2O and 150 μg/mL (2 mM) KCl. Comparable results were obtained with all six serogroups of L. pneumophila as well as with both laboratory-adapted and animal-passed strains.

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