Comparisons of nitrogen fixation estimates in soybeans by nodule weight, leghemoglobin content, and acetylene reduction

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1165-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Johnson ◽  
D. J. Hume

Nodule leghemoglobin content, acetylene reduction rates, and nodule weight determinations were made during an entire growth period of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Altona) plants grown under field conditions. High correlations within most sampling dates were found between each pair of possible comparisons of these indicators of nitrogen fixation.Rates of conversion of acetylene to ethylene per milligram leghemoglobin constantly decreased during the growing season, whereas leghemoglobin content per gram nodule fresh weight remained relatively constant. These results indicate that leghemoglobin content of nodules could be used to compare rates of nitrogen fixation in plants of a soybean cultivar at similar stages of development but should not be used to compare fixation rates in plants at different stages in ontogeny.

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-69

The study assessed the effects of composted corn wastes, poultry droppings and inorganic fertilizer on the number of nodules, nitrogen fixation and grain yields of soybean (Glycine max L.) under field conditions for 2 seasons. The experiments were conducted in the research sub-station of the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, (IAR&T), Ilora, Oyo State, South Western Nigeria: (Derived Savanna Agro-ecology). Six experimental treatments namely; composted corn wastes boiled with table salt, composted corn wastes boiled with water alone, composted un-boiled corn wastes, composted poultry droppings, NPK 20- 10-10 fertilizer and control were applied to a soil with low fertility status. Soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds were planted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated 6 times. The plantings were carried out twice at two consecutive plantings. The number of nodules, amount of nitrogen fixed as well as grain yield were evaluated. The field trial results showed a higher number of nodules, nitrogen fixation and grain yield response when the un-boiled composted corn wastes (F3) and composted poultry droppings only (F4) were applied to the field compared to the other treatments. The number of nodules, nitrogen fixation and yield were significantly higher at the end of the second plantings compared to the first reflecting a residual effect of the composts. The study concluded that the application of composted corn wastes and poultry droppings especially when the seeds were inoculated with Rhizobium and mycorrhiza improved the number of nodules, N2 fixation and grain yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) even when no boiling treatment was applied to the corn wastes. It is therefore recommended that maize cobs be converted to composts for improved soil productivity.


1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Victor Hugo da Silva e Souza ◽  
Nelcindo Nascimento Terra ◽  
Osmar Souza dos Santos

The aim of this work was to study the accumulation of dry material and absorption of nutrients by soybean. Three varieties (Bragg, IAS-2 and Santa Rosa) had their physiological behavior observed in three kinds of soil (Santa Maria, São Pedro and Vacacaí) of Rio Grande do Sul.In the first stage of the work we seek to estimate the behavior of the varieties, oedering the variation of fresh-weight, dry-weight and the percentage of water, obtaining informations about samples, age of the plant, stages of development, vegetative cycle and productiveness. In the second stage, we observed the percentage of absorption of some macro and micronutrients and their amplitudes, calculating their simple correlations and equations of significatives regressions.In aerial portions there were accumulations of macro and micronutrients, but do not observing great oscillations in quantity of absorbed elements. Phosphorus (P) was continually and constantly absorbed, until the formations of the seed. We obsorbed that potassium (K), was completly absorbed before maturation, whereas calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) were gradually accumulated.


2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Eires Tosta Fernandes ◽  
Crébio José Ávila

A soja, Glycine max (L.), é uma cultura que pode ser prejudicada por insetos-praga durante todo o ciclo fenológico, principalmente nos estádios iniciais  desta cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta da cultura da soja a diferentes tipos de injúrias artificiais causadas nos seus estádios iniciais de desenvolvimento. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, utilizando-se as cultivares FTS Campo Mourão e BRS Potência, as quais foram submetidas aos seguintes tipos de injúrias iniciais: 1) Remoção de um cotilédone; 2) Remoção de dois cotilédones; 3) Remoção de dois cotilédones e uma folha unifoliolada; 4) Remoção de dois cotilédones e duas folhas unifolioladas; 5) Remoção de uma folha unifoliada; 6) Remoção de duas folhas unifolioladas; 7) Corte abaixo das folhas unifolioladas; 8) Corte do broto trifoliado; 9) Testemunha (sem injúria). A altura das plantas, o número de vagens/planta e o peso verde da parte aérea da cultivar FTS Campo Mourão foram menores quando comparado com os valores desses parâmetros obtidos na cultivar BRS Potência. Foi também constatado redução na altura das plantas de soja nos tratamentos 3, 4, 6 e 7 quando comparado à testemunha. O rendimento de grãos (Kg ha-1) foi semelhante nas duas cultivares e não foi influenciado pelos diferentes tipos de injúrias causados nas plantas. Já o peso de 100 sementes (g) foi maior na cultivar FTS Campo Mourão quando comparado a cultivar BRS Potência. Independente dos tipos de injúrias que são causadas, as plantas apresentam capacidade de recuperação ao dano.Effect of Different Types of Injury Caused During the Early Soybean Development Stages Abstract. The soybean, Glycine max (L.), is a crop that can be damaged by insect pests throughout its phonological cycle, particularly in the early stages of development of this culture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of soybean to different types of artificial injuries caused in its early stages of development. The experiments were carried out at Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste using the cultivars FTS Campo Mourão and BRS Potência. These cultivars were submitted to nine treatments of artificial injuries, as follow: 1) removal of one cotyledon; 2) removal of two cotyledons; 3) removal of two cotyledons and one unifoliate leaf; 4) removal of two cotyledons and two unifoliate leaves; 5) removal of one unifoliate leaf, 6) removal of two unifoliate leaves; 7) cut below the unifoliate leaves; 8) cut below the trifoliate bud; 9) untreated (without injury). The plant height, the number of pods/plant and fresh weight of aerial part in Campo Mourão cultivar were lower than that observed with the Potência cultivar. There was also reduction of the plant height in the treatments 3, 4, 6 and 7 when compared to the control (without injury). The grain yield (Kg ha-1) was similar in both cultivars and was not influenced by the different types of injuries applied in plants of both cultivars. The weight of 100 seeds (g) was higher in cultivar Campo Mourão when compared to Potência cultivar. Regardless of the types of injuries that are caused, the plants have resilience to damage.


2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elroy R. Cober ◽  
Harvey D. Voldeng ◽  
Judith A. Frégeau-Reid ◽  
Ronald J. D. Guillemette

DH3604 is a 2700 crop heat unit soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar developed for natto soyfood production. Key words: Soybean, cultivar description, natto


1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-152
Author(s):  
H. D. Voldeng ◽  
R. J. D. Guillemette ◽  
D. A. Leonard ◽  
E. R. Cober

AC Albatros is a 2500 crop heat unit soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar with good yield potential. Key words: Soybean, cultivar description


1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 940-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Lennihan ◽  
D. M. Chapin ◽  
L. G. Dickson

Nostoc commune, a colonial cyanobacterium, has been suggested as an important contributor of nitrogen to terrestrial ecosystems in the Canadian High Arctic, yet little is known about the ecophysiology of this organism in arctic environments. This study focused on the physiological performance of macroscopic colonies of N. commune found on Devon Island, N.W.T. The objectives were to examine the influence of temperature, colony morphology, and seasonal phenology on nitrogen fixation rates and the effects of light and temperature on photosynthesis. Maximum rates of acetylene reduction in N. commune (2119 nmol C2H4∙g−1∙h−1) were higher than those previously recorded for arctic N. commune but lower than values reported for temperate poulations. Depending on the time of the growing season, the temperature optimum for acetylene reduction varied from 15 °C to greater than 20 °C. Photosynthetic temperature optima did not occur below 20–25 °C (the highest temperatures measured). Light saturation of photosynthesis was reached at low levels of irradiance (100–150 μmol∙m−2∙s−1 PPFD). Acetylene reduction rates varied strongly with colony morphology. Thin, fragile, flattened colonies had higher rates than thicker, more resilient, flattened colonies or spherical colonies. Cold post-thaw temperatures appeared to delay the recovery of maximum nitrogen fixation rates for 2–3 weeks following the onset of the growing season. Compared with two other species of cyanobacteria present on Truelove Lowland (Gloeocapsa alpina and Gleotrichia sp.), N. commune had higher rates of nitrogen fixation. Key words: Nostoc commune, cyanobacteria, High Arctic, nitrogen fixation, photosynthesis.


1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-114
Author(s):  
H. D. Voldeng ◽  
R. J. D. Guillemette ◽  
E. R. Cober

AC 2001 is a 700 crop heat unit soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar with good yield potential. Key words: Soybean, cultivar description


1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Beversdorf ◽  
D. J. Hume ◽  
P. Gostovic ◽  
J. C. Muscat ◽  
S. Pararajasingham

OAC Musca is a soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivar which is 3 d earlier than Hodgson and 2% higher in yield in Ontario trials. It has exhibited low field losses to Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea in Ontario testing, is a tall cultivar and is intended for use on clay soils. Key words: Soybean, cultivar description


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